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Biomedical subjects

J Lang

Publications and source records attributed to J Lang.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cellular pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin: uptake by leukaemic cells in vivo and fate.

In 6 patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia, daunorubicin was assayed in leukaemic cells from peripheral blood or bone marrow. The cells were separated from red blood cells and granulocytes by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Isopac gradient. The assay was performed by high performance liquid chromatography. Daunorubicin concentrations in peripheral leukaemic cells, 2 hours after the end of the infusion, were much higher than in plasma, the cell/plasma concentration ratio reaching about 350 and rising to almost 700 at 24 h. At that time, drug concentrations were even higher in the bone marrow leukaemic cells. The value of the assay of daunorubicin in cells as method for monitoring therapy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Surgical anatomy of the hypothalamus.

Described are the borderlines of the hypothalamus, its nuclei and fiber connections and its functions. The vascular supply of the hypothalamic area is included. Furthermore measurements of the IIIrd ventricle and distances between surface areas of the brain and skull as well as different landmarks near the hypothalamus are presented. For example the distance between the frontal pole and the lamina terminalis in our material measures 59.3 (52-65) mm. Distances for the different approaches to the hypophyseal region (transsphenoideal, pterional, supra- and infratentorial, transcallosal and transventricular) are also given.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1985

Hypophyseal region--anatomy of the operative approaches.

Landmarks and measurements for the transnasal approach (apertura piriformis, distance to the apertura sinus sphenoidalis) in children and adults are given. Included is the anatomy of the nasal septum, its vessels and nerves. The ostium of the sphenoid sinus, its development, types and dimensions are described. Also shown are the hypophyseal capsule, the hypophyseal vessels and the hypophyseal fossa with its variations and the sella turcica region with its adjacent dural structures (petroclinoid fold, diaphragma sellae, aperture for the internal carotid artery and pituitary cistern). For the intracranial approaches the arterial circle and its branches are important for neurosurgeons. The location, number, width and course of these branches are described. Distances and the most important vessels, which are seen by frontal, frontolateral and pterional approaches, are described.

Arteries↗
PubMed1985

[Strabologic terminology II and computer coding].

This paper begins with a discussion of a number of strabologic terms, such as the definition of squint and orthotropia, and criteria of cure. Congenital strabismus and dynamic and static angles of squint are also discussed. Finally, some problems of computer coding in strabismus are considered.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison of densitometric and morphometric measurements of global and regional functions using a fully digital subtraction unit].

The value of digital subtraction angiocardiography for evaluating left ventricular movement by a morphometric and densitometric technique was examined by animal experiments (dog). Reversible reduction of global and regional left ventricular function can be quantified by both methods equally well. For judging regional ejection fraction, sector display is more easily comprehended than an ejection-fraction map. For the estimation of global cardiac ejection fraction in 49 patients, morphometric diagnosis was clearly superior to cine cardio-angiography (rmorp. = 0.91; rdens = 0.65). For recognising and quantifying regional abnormalities of cardiac movement, semi-quantitative visual gradation is superior to densitometric measurements.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1985

[Intracisternal length of cranial nerves 7-12].

The course of the seventh to twelfth cranial nerves in the posterior fossa is described. The relation between the nerves and the cranial vessels, as well as their importance in practical medicine are discussed.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1985

[Side differences in the position of the corneal apex in relation to the lateral orbital margin (measurements with the Hertel exophthalmometer)].

Proptosis was measured with Hertel's apparatus in 430 persons ranging in age from 3 to over 60 years. They were divided into 12 age groups for males and 12 for females. Measurements were performed independently by two investigators. The average of all readings shows the left eye in males 0.49 mm in front of the right eye. In females the difference is 0.52 mm (males: right eye 15.25 mm, left eye 15.74 mm; females: r.e. 14.79 mm, l.e. 15.31 mm). From the third to the 20th year of life there is a permanent increase in proptosis from about 13.0 to about 16.7 mm. There are no major differences between males and females. After the 20th year, males show a small increase up to 17.0 mm. In females the readings drop to about 15.6 mm. Lefthandedness in young people is found in 13.6% of males and in 5.7% of females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Anatomy of the brainstem and the lower cranial nerves, vessels, and surrounding structures.

In this article some results of our investigations on the brainstem, the lower cranial nerves, and the nerve-vessel-relations in the posterior cranial fossa are reviewed. For comparison, the pertinent findings published by other authors are also included. Particular attention has been given to the topographic measurements of the canal systems in the petrous bone and the nerve-vessel-relations in the jugular fossa area.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1985

[Visualization of enlarged parathyroids by digital subtraction angiography in 22 patients with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism].

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is a suitable method for visualising hypercrinal parathyroid glands on account of its high power of resolution. Hyperperfused areas stand out in contrast when using largely standardised imaging techniques with peripheral venous injection of contrast medium. Whereas 15 of 17 hyperplastic parathyroids were seen via DSA, it was not possible to identify on the subtraction image 2 out of 6 adenomas and one carcinoma. In our group of patients, surgical confirmation was obtained in 21 of 32 hyperperfused areas found via DSA (66%) and 9 out of 17 structures with poor echo (53%) in ultrasound.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Position and variations in the position of the canal system in the temporal bone. I. The canals of the pars petrosa between the margo superior and the meatus acusticus internus].

The canals of the temporal bone were measured on 103 objects at different levels. The distances (mean and extremes) were estimated as well as the width of the following: the facial canal, semicircular canals, vestibule, internal acoustic meatus, sigmoid sinus, superior bulb of the jugular vein, carotid canal, eustachian tube, perilymphatic and endolymphatic ducts and sac, glossopharyngeal nerve and mastoid cells.

Genetic Variation↗
PubMed1985

[Digital subtraction angiography of aortocoronary bypass grafts in the early postoperative phase with peripheral vein x-ray contrast media injection].

Using a fully digitalised subtraction unit, aortocoronary bypass grafts can be visualised in the early postoperative phase by means of peripheral venous contrast medium injection (57 out of a total of 60 cases). In more than one-half of the cases (31 out of a total of 60), it is possible to outline sharply the bypass grafts from the beginning to their entry into the bridged-over coronary artery, in such a manner that any loops, kinks, stenoses or reduced flow rates can be recognised. This examination is not considered to be an invasive one by the patient, and the cardiosurgeon can welcome it as a valuable additional means of controlling and assessing the results of surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Efficacy of disopyramide in comparison with verapamil and propranolol in the prevention of acetylcholine-induced atrial fibrillation in the dog.

The efficacy of verapamil and propranolol was studied in comparison with disopyramide on the atrial fibrillation experimentally induced in the dog heart in situ by electrical stimulation combined with intra-aortic injection of acetylcholine (ACh). After reducing the amplitude and duration of the monophasic action potential (MAP) and the duration of the effective refractory period (ERP) of the atrial contractile fibres, ACh lowered the fibrillation threshold (FT), and, when fibrillation had been elicited, it accelerated the fibrillation rate (FR). Verapamil and propranolol failed to prevent atrial fibrillation: they did not counteract any of the alterations in the electrophysiological properties of the atrial contractile fibres due to ACh. In contrast, disopyramide, at doses within the therapeutic range, prevented fibrillation. The fibrillation threshold, which fell from 50 mA to 1 mA in the presence of ACh, was restored to control values by disopyramide. Disopyramide also antagonized the reduction in amplitude of MAP caused by ACh before the triggering of fibrillation and the reductions by ACh of the durations of MAP and ERP. Disopyramide first slowed FR, in association with an increase in amplitude of fibrillation waves and a tendency to synchronous activity, and ultimately terminated the fibrillation.

Acetylcholine↗