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Biomedical subjects

J Laitinen

Publications and source records attributed to J Laitinen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cis(Z)-clopenthixol and haloperidol in chronic schizophrenic patients--a double-blind clinical multicentre investigation.

Sixty-three chronic schizophrenic in-patients were included in the double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial comparing antipsychotic activity and side effects of cis(Z)-clopenthixol and haloperidol. Test treatment was administered at least 8 and in most cases 12 weeks with clinical evaluations including BPRS, NOSIE-30, CGI and single side effects done at weeks 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12. The average end-of-trial doses were 40 mg cis(Z)-clopenthixol and 10 mg haloperidol. Statistically significant improvements of total BPRS-score and Thinking disturbance were registered with both drugs from week 2 onwards. At week 12 when 36 patients were receiving test treatment total BPRS-score was reduced by 31% in the cis(Z)-clopenthixol group and by 17% in the haloperidol group. At week 4 Thinking disturbance was reduced by 32% in the cis(Z)-clopenthixol group and by 16% in the haloperidol group--these findings constituted the only significant difference between test drugs. Compared to the BPRS-results less improvements and no differences between test drugs were registered with NOSIE-30 and CGI. Any trends towards different frequency and severity of side effects were in the favour of cis(Z)-clopenthixol.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Radionuclide diagnosis of venous angioma.

Venous angioma is a rare vascular anomaly of the central nervous system. Pathologically, it resembles arteriovenous malformation, but the vascular changes are seen only in the veins. In the present case, the lesion was seen better with dynamic rather than static radionuclide examination. In a computerized dynamic study, the circulation time in the lesion was significantly prolonged compared with the circulation time in the symmetrical area of the contralateral hemisphere. The peak of the time-activity curve also appeared later in the lesion area than in the symmetrical contralateral area. Thus the use of the computerized gamma camera is useful in the diagnosis of venous angioma and the method seems to have some differential diagnostic possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

An intravenous isotope method for measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and volume (rCBV).

The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), intial slope index (ISI), transfer time (th) and volume (rCBV) were measured simultaneously in 43 hospital patients using a 133Xe intravenous injection method and quantitative dynamic 99Tcm brain scintigraphy. The measurements were made with a gamma camera and the data processing interfaced with a small digital computer. The following mean values and standard deviations were obtained from 50 control hemispheres standardized to the age of 40 years: (formular): see article. Good agreement was found between the blood flow values determined from the intra-arterial and intravenous injection techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Jodamid and metrizoic acid in carotid angiography. Comparative study of side-effects and film contrast.

To compare the side-effects and film contrast of jodamid and metrizoic acid 215 carotid angiography examinations were analyzed. To study the side-effects the pulse and blood pressure were recorded and the clinical condition of the patient was observed during the examination as well as on the subsequent day. Three neuroradiologists graded the film contrast without knowing the opinions of the others or which contrast medium had been used. No significant changes in pulse rate were recorded. A slight increase in blood pressure generally occurred immediately after the injection and a statistically significant but slight fall of blood pressure five to seven seconds after the injection. No differences were observed between the two contrast media. Injection into the common carotid artery lowered the blood pressure slightly more than injection into the internal carotid artery. No differences in clinical side-effects were noticed between the two contrast media. No irreversible side-effects were recorded. The film contrast of jodamid was significantly better than that of metrizoic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Temperature measurements and photoelectric plethysmography in the evaulation of acute and long-term effects of acupuncture upon vasomotor activity of hand skin: a methodological study.

Skin temperature measurements and photoelectric plethysomgraphy were used evaluating the changes in vasomotor activity of hand skin induced by acupuncture in 8 normal subjects, 10 patients with a chronic pain syndrome and 3 patients with an acute pain syndrome of one upper extremity. In normal persons acupuncture induced short-term fall in the skin temperature and the amplitude of photoelectric plethysmogram. This was undoubtedly a normal physiological reaction to pain. In cold sick hands with a chronic pain syndrome acupuncture induced warming of the hand skin and prolongation of the propagation time in the photoelectric plethysmogram. In warm sick hands with an acute pain syndrome acupuncture induced equalization of the temperature difference and shortening of the propagation time. It seems possible to evaluate the effects of acupuncture upon vasomotor activity of hand skin with these methods.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1976

Acupuncture and transcutaneous electric stimulation in the treatment of chronic sacrolumbalgia and ischialgia.

A comparison was made between 50 patients treated with acupuncture and 50 patients treated with transcutaneous electric stimulation. All patients suffered from chronic sacrolumbalgia or ischialgia of more than six months' duration. Two to 10 treatments were given at weekly sessions, the mean being 5 in both groups. Stimulation points were selected by the same principle in both groups: one point along the course of the nerve trunk affected, and one point at a dermatome proximal to the affected segment. The stimulation was given bilaterally. Needles were inserted as deep as the muscular layer and twirled at 5 min intervals. In the electric stimulation square-wave impulses of 1.0 msec duration and 50 Hz frequency were used. The electrodes were 0.9 cm in diameter. Each acupuncture and electric stimulation was of 20 min duration. Pain relief was complete or moderate in the acupuncture group in 58% of the cases, and in 46% in the electric stimulation group. After 2 months 30 patients in the acupuncture group and 23 patients in the electric stimulation group still reported satisfactory relief of pain. After 6 months 15 patients in the acupuncture group and 10 patients in the electric stimulation group still reported satisfactory relief of pain.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1975

Acupuncture for migraine prophylaxis: a prospective clinical study with six months' follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the efficacy of acupuncture in the prophylaxis of migraine. 39 patients were treated by acupuncture given 5 times at weekly intervals. 92% of patients improved with acupuncture initially. Six months later 54% had relapsed to their pre-acupuncture state. The present study does not exclude the possibility that the results were due to suggestion.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of cervical syndrome by acupuncture.

Sixty patients suffering from the cervical syndrome were treated with acupuncture three times at one-week intervals. No electric stimulators were used. According to the physician's evaluation, 68% of the patients displayed good primary results (complete cure or moderate improvement). According to postal inquiries made 6 months after the last treatment session, 33% of the patients still reported moderate improvement or complete cure. No improvement was reported by 10 patients. The results are well in agreement with those obtained with physical therapy or B-vitamin treatment, suggesting that the improvement might be associated with the natural course of the disease. All controlled clinical acupuncture investigations have proved difficult to conduct due to the essential differences between acupuncture and any other form of treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rat model for renal effects of 2-alkoxyalcohols and their acetates.

Male Wistar rats were given ethanediol (9.4 g/l), 2-ethoxyethylacetate (5.4 g/l), 2-butoxyethylacetate (2.9 g/l) and 1,2-propanediol (40 g/l) respectively in their drinking water for 2 weeks. Urine was collected during the last 24 h of the exposure. There was a marked increase in the oxalic acid excretion by the rats given ethanediol while rats given the alkoxyacetates excreted large amounts of ethoxyacetic and butoxyacetic acid, respectively. While not increased compared with controls, the excretion of oxalic acid by the latter group of rats was correlated to the excretion of the respective alkoxyacetic acids. The ammonia and glycosaminoglycan excretion was also smaller than that of controls. The urinary activity of succinate dehydrogenase was decreased in rats given the alkoxyacetates but not in animals exposed to ethanediol or propanediol. The data show that oxalic acid is actually a minor metabolite of the alkoxyacetates while the biochemical effects in kidney are associated more with the alkoxyacetic acid load. Alkoxyacetic acids seem to be inhibitors of renal succinate dehydrogenase, which may account for the decreased ammonia and glycosaminoglycan excretion.

Acetates↗