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Biomedical subjects

J L Emery

Publications and source records attributed to J L Emery.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Jarman index related to post-perinatal mortality.

Post-perinatal infant deaths in North and Southern Derbyshire District Health Authorities were calculated by electoral ward over a period of two years and related to Jarman scores of deprivation. The deaths were categorised into clinical-pathological groupings after full confidential enquiry. The post-perinatal death rates were significantly related to Jarman score of deprivation.

England↗
PubMed1992

A review and restatement of some problems in histological interpretation of the infant lung.

Lung pathology in infants is often a complex mixture of developmental problems, pathological changes, and subsequent healing and modified growth patterns. The basic changes of hyaline membrane disease are restated, and both iatrogenic and natural sequelae reviewed. In addition to these well-known problems, some important but poorly understood lesions of the lung and tracheobronchial tree such as tracheomalacia and lung hypoplasia are discussed. A review of lesions such as fibrinoid necrosis of the vocal cords, alveolar membranes, and lymphoreticular aggregates is also presented. These lesions are often seen in association with the sudden infant death syndrome, but are of essentially unknown significance.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Hazards of mattresses, beds and bedding in deaths of infants.

Of 52 infants who had died suddenly and were referred to autopsy, nine had lain on adult water beds for the first time; five had died as a result of accidents; two had died on water beds; two were in beds with widely spaced slats; and one had died as a result of strangulation. Three deaths were due to overlying. Three other infants had been placed on sheepskin rugs for the first time and were found dead shortly thereafter. These infants ranged in age from 2 to 9 months, except for a severely mentally retarded nine-year-old with spastic paraplegia. We believe that a general warning should be issued concerning water beds and that soft bedding should not be used for infants. Infants should not be placed unattended or left to sleep on water beds; only beds recommended for infants should be used. Overlying of a young infant is most likely to occur on a water bed, or if the parent is obese or has consumed alcohol.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

Differences in postperinatal infant deaths between north and southern Derbyshire.

In depth confidential inquiries on all post-perinatal infant deaths were carried out for two years in North and Southern Derbyshire District Health Authorities in order to explore why the postperinatal death rates and cot death rates have been consistently higher in Southern than in North Derbyshire. It was found that the death rates for probably inevitable deaths and for 'idiopathic' cot deaths were the same in both districts. The differences in the death rates lay in the group of partly explained cot deaths. Adverse social factors associated with each death were recorded and an estimate made of their relevance to the individual deaths. The group of deaths most amenable to intervention was those of category B (partly explained cot deaths). As judged by the Jarman index there are more areas of deprivation in Southern than in North Derbyshire.

England↗
PubMed1990

Decline in breast feeding.

Information on whether mothers intended to breast feed and whether they actually did so one month after delivery has been recorded for all mothers in Sheffield during the last 15 years, and changes in the last 10 years have been reported. There was a steady increase in the percentage of mothers intending to breast feed and in those who did so in the 1970s. From 1984-8, however, there has been a rapid and progressive decline, despite an increase in mean maternal age and a reduction in the number of non-white births. The decline in the percentage of mothers who intend to breast feed has been greatest among those whose education did not extend beyond the age of 18, and among Asian mothers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Categories of preventable unexpected infant deaths.

The conclusions of confidential inquiries into 115 registered unexpected infant deaths over a period of nine years were reviewed. Deaths were classified based on the total information available into group A: poor prognosis (n = 7), group B: treatable disease (n = 45), group C: minor disease (n = 32), group D: no disease (n = 19), group E: probably accidental (n = 4), and group F: probably filicide (n = 8). Less than 20% of deaths corresponded to the classic definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Babies who died during the course of potentially treatable disease had more adverse family and social factors: the parents were less likely to be owner occupiers, or own a car or telephone, their mothers were more likely to be young, to smoke, and to present late in pregnancy. Babies who died of minor disease tended to come from similar backgrounds, their families had greater levels of stress and the deaths appeared to be due to more than one factor. Babies who died with no terminal disease were younger, and more likely to be boys. Their families appeared to be demographically similar to those of a control group and to the general population.

England↗
PubMed1989

Families with congenital heart disease.

Families with congenital heart deformities appear to have more difficulties and stress than those with other deformities. Some problems are intrinsic to the deformity but others are largely related to communication difficulties between the groups doing home support and those in supraregional centres.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1988

Trends in unexpected infant deaths in Sheffield.

A study of 250 post-perinatal deaths in Sheffield during the past 8 years has shown an increased rate of unexpected infant death. This increase appears to be mainly caused by deaths in children with minor disease in families where the father is either absent or unemployed. The number of children who die during the course of more serious disease continues to fall. The number of infant deaths from other causes is unchanged.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1988

Findings in child deaths registered as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Madison, Wisconsin.

A review of a sequential series has been carried out on 60 Madison infants whose deaths had been registered as SIDS. In 18% it was possible to identify lesions that could have given a diagnosis other than SIDS on these same infants. When the cases were assessed on a multifactorial basis, 67% of the infants had a variety of lesions present, which in combination would probably have made their deaths explicable. It was only in children dying before the age of 18 weeks that more than half of the deaths were not explicable. The generally accepted concept of SIDS as a completely unexplained death would appear to apply only if the term is confined to a single aspect of pathology--the terminal anatomic state. If the total pathologic situation of the child is taken into consideration, the diagnosis of a completely unexplained death applies to only about a third of the cases examined in Madison. The current autopsy approach to sudden and unexpected deaths from a causal viewpoint requires critical reappraisal.

Age Factors↗