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Biomedical subjects

J Kutzner

Publications and source records attributed to J Kutzner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

CT studies before and after CNS treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant non-hodgkin's lymphoma in childhood.

CT was performed on 72 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Thirty-two of these patients were investigated prior to CNS radiation and intrathecal methotrexate therapy. Ten of these patients (31%) were known to have hydrocephalic dilatation of the CSF spaces. Clinical data and subsequent observations with analysis of the CT findings show that no difference in the attenuation values of brain tissue occurs in the absence of a CNS relapse. The percentage of abnormal findings before and after therapy remains constant. The adverse late effect described in the CT literature seem principally to be damage diagnosed too late. It is questionable if the CT demonstration of dilated CSF spaces before treatment has a prognostic significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Combined Wilms' tumor therapy (author's transl)].

From 1967 to 1979, 40 children with Wilms' tumor were given a therapy comprising irradiation, operation and chemotherapy. Till 1972 preoperative irradiation was performed delivering a dose of 20 Gy followed by operation and actinomycin-D. The postoperative irradiation dose was 20 or 30 Gy. Of 22 patients died 7. Since 1973, therapy depends on age and tumor volume and consists in a combination of multidrug therapy, operation and irradiation (25 to 35 Gy). Of 19 children, 18 are still alive. No irradiation was given to patients younger than 1 year in stages I and II and to older children in stage I.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Examinations carried out in order to determine the effects of a radiotherapy on the immunity situation of tumor patients (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate the immunity situation, the percentage of B- and T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of tumor patients was determined before, during, and after radiotherapy. Corresponding to the tumor types, the patients were submitted to adequate irradiations with different localizations, field sizes, and doses. Most of the patients had a reduced percentage of T-cells which partly was accompanied by a so-called reverse effect, i.e. a relative increase of the percentage of B-cells. It was not possible to demonstrate any connexion between the decrease of the number of B- or T-cells and the field size, localization, and dose height.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of x-rays on the B- and T-cells in the spleen of mice and their reaction on mitogenetic substances (author's transl)].

Total irradiation of mice with 100 R, 350 R and 600 R leads to a significant decrease of T- and B-cells which depends directly on the irradiation dose. This decrease can already be demonstrated on the first day after the irradiation, it reaches its culminating point on the tenth day after the irradiation. After an irradiation with 100 R, the cells of the spleen or irradiated mice show no reduced capacity of being stimulated by phytohemagglutinine, Pokeweed mitogen, and concanavalin A, in case of an irradiation with 350 R this capacity is significantly reduced only until the third day after the irradiation. The animals irradiated with 600 R show a decrease on the first day, then they have a phase of recovery on the third day which is followed by a second decrease (biphasic depression). Independently of the irradiation energy, the reduced number of B- and T-cells in the irradiated mice returns to normal values until the 48th day of observation. The functional activities, however, show a disturbance the extension and duration of which are depending on the irradiation dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The use of computer tomography for radiation therapy of cerebral tumours (author's transl)].

The application of computer tomography should be extended for indicating the need and choice of radiotherapy for cerebral tumours, and for observing the effects of treatment. In 26 patients it has been shown that CT is superior to conventional neuro-radiological methods in showing indications and in planning of radiation therapy. Forms of treatment can be suitably adapted where the histological type of the tumour is known. In most cerebral tumours, the beneficial effect of irradiation has been evident in our patients. Our criteria were based on the concept of "clinical malignancy", no attempt was made at a histological classification of the tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Osteoradionecrosis resulting from cobalt-60 therapy for head and neck tumors (author's transl)].

From 1966--1974, 628 patients were irradiated with Cobalt-60 as treatment for tumors of the head and neck. Tumor doses ranged from 6200 R to 8000 R. An osteoradionecrosis was discovered in 17 patients, and was mostly localized in the mandible. Most of the patients developed the necrosis during the first two years following completion of their radiation, although necrosis was also found up to 9 years following therapy. Prophylactic treatment of teeth should be completed before beginning radiation therapy, but such does not exclude the risk of necrosis.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1978

[Irradiation therapy of central nervous system tumors in children (author's transl)].

Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in children mostly need irradiation therapy often in combination with surgery and intensive drug therapy. The tumor dose is age-dependent and maximally 6000 R. Metastasing tumors require irradiation of the whole skull and the spinal axis. The individual prognosis depends on the type of tumor involved. Altogether up to 50% of CNS-tumors can be eliminated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Palliative radiotherapy with Strontium-89 in case of extended formation of skeleton metastases (author's transl)].

In order to allay pains or make them cease, fifteen patients with extended tumors and generalized formation of skeleton metastases were submitted in 1976 to an internal palliative radiotherapy. They received between 0.8 and 2.7 mCi of Sr-89, five patients were treated again after four to five months because the pains had reappeared. The results were relatively good. Two patients showed a prompt effect and were completely free of pains within 48 hours, three patients did not present any demonstrable effect. The analgetic effect remained from four days to four months. Due to the utilization of the pure beta emitter Sr-89, the radiation doses measured in the patients after the application are relatively small: after the application they amount at most to 0.5 mR/h in a distance of 1 m.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Serial CT studies of a metastatic pinealoma with reference to the radiotherapeutic problems.

Serial CT studies performed for 1 year on a female patient suffering from a pinealoma are reported. Under cobalt therapy (5000 rads) a remission of the pinealoma was achieved. A short time later, metastases developed and cobalt therapy was repeated (6000 rads). Rapid tumor remission was seen again, but rapid occurrence of probable metastases too. The question whether radionecrosis or metastases were present cannot be answered.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Preliminary results of preoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the rectum (author's transl)].

Preliminary results were evaluated in patients with carcinoma of the rectum of whom 33 had preoperative radiotherapy and 23 were treated by operation only. The tumour stage was T2-4 NX MO in all patients. There was no significant difference between the groups as to postoperative mortality, would healing, and postoperative admission time. However, the recurrence rate was significantly lower in pre-irradiated patients than in those treated by operation only. The combination of radiotherapy and radical operation appears to be a possible means of significantly improving the survival rate of patients with carcinoma of the rectum.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis: painful swelling of the sternum, clavicles, and upper ribs. Report of two new cases.

Five patients had persistent, pulling pain in the sternum, clavicles, and upper ribs that was exacerbated by cold and dampness. Clublike, symmetrical enlargement of the clavicles was seen and, in two patients, venous congestion of the upper half of the body. All patients had a constantly elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Radiologically there was symmetrical hyperostosis of the sternal and middle portions of the clavicles, synostosis of the sternoclavicular joints, a widened and thickened sternum, and varying degrees of involvement of the upper ribs. X-ray findings did not change over several years. Phlebography showed bilateral subclavian vein occlusion in three patients and unilateral occlusion in one. Biopsies of the clavicles showed a characteristic hyperostotic sclerosis of the spongiosa. The cause of this sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is unknown, but clinical, radiologic, and histologic findings indicate that it may represent a distinct, hitherto undescribed entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Late effects of tumour treatment. Structural changes in the spinal column seen on X-rays].

Cure rates are increasing in pediatric oncology; simultaneously the numbers of late effects of therapy are also increasing. 64 children with malignant neoplastic disease in whom the spine had been partially or totally exposed during X-ray treatment were re-investigated for radiographically visible irradiation effects on the vertebral column. 140 different abnormalties were found in 56 children of which scolioses were the most important. Irradiation for Wilms' tumour produced more numerous changes than direct irradiation of the vertebral column. In spite of the unexpectedly high number of growth defects rigorous X-ray treatment is indicated in certain circumstances. The growth abnormalities were of only minor clinical significance.

Adolescent↗