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Biomedical subjects

J Kugler

Publications and source records attributed to J Kugler.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Long-term treatment of cerebrovascular changes in the elderly (author's transl)].

A prospective study over 15 months in 100 elderly patients with signs of cerebro-vascular impairment demonstrated by psychometric testing that Hydergine (an ergot alkaloid preparation: 4.5 mg daily) compensated the signs of dementia, present in the placebo group, and in some patients actually brought about a significant improvement in mental activity. Similar compensatory effect was also demonstrable in cerebral haemodynamics: in the placebo group there was a progressive increase in cerebral circulation time, an expression of decreased cerebral blood flow, while with Hydergine cerebral circulation time was shortened and stabilized. Serial EEGs, obtained in parallel with psychometric and circulation time tests, demonstrated a marked increase in the 8-10 Hz pattern which corresponds to the physiological alpha activity in this age group. Furthermore, there was a diminished variability in performance in the tested frequency bands with Hydergine, the opposite tendency being obtained in the placebo group.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of hypnosis and suggestion on the EEG-powerspectrum in the preparatory interval (author's transl)].

Fourier-analysis of the EEG (P4 02, P3 O1, CZ A1) in the stimulation period (1 sec) before acoustic stimulation showed significant differences between hypnosis and waking. Diminished power was found in the slower spectrum (0-3 and 4-7 c/sec) over the right hemisphere (P4O2) during hypnosis. Increased power was found in the alpha-spectrum (8-13 c/sec) over the Vertex (CZA1) during suggestion. We interpreted this effect as inhibition of exteroceptive perception during suggestion. Powerspectrum was averaged over 30 stimulation periods before acoustic stimulation with identic tones (sinus of 500 c/sec, 70 dB, duration 40 msec, stimulus interval 3--10 sec). The combination of experimental conditions (Hypnosis/Waking and Suggestions) were given in a balanced order to control seriel effects. We examined 12 persons in a repeated measurement design.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Medical aspects of cerebral death determination of the time of death (author's transl)].

As a result of the development of intensive-care medicine and organ transplantation, an increasing number of neurologists and other physicians are being confronted with problems of cerebral death and relevant diagnostics. Subsequent to a survey of the, after all, rather uniform pathogenesis, and of the anatomic findings, the clinical syndrome is described in detail with the object of helping to avoid a diagnostic misinterpretation of individual neurologic findings. The diagnostic aids or methods which can be applied at present, are judged with regard to the problems involved and their diagnostic value (experiences with the computer-tomogram have been omitted, since too few observations have been made to date). The paper concludes with a few pointers as to how these guidelines can be utilized when dealing with the concrete everyday situation of diagnosing cerebral death.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of the morphine antagonist naloxone on the effect of fentanyl].

1. In healthy volunteers fentanyl (0.15 mg i.v.) induces a reduction of awareness and vigilance and in some persons a transition to sleepiness or sleep stages. The course of these changes with time can be shown in narcograms, consisting of vigilance indices which correspond to the different EEG-stages. 2. Naloxon (0.4--1.6 mg i.v.) reduces the hypnotic effect of fentanyl or antagonizes it completely. 3. Index values of rapid eye movements in wakefulness measured oculographically indicate a reduction of motor activity after administration of fentanyl, when stages of reduced vigilance appear. Injections of naloxone following later on diminish this effect of fentanyl or antagonize it completely, not so does levallorphan.

Arousal↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of naloxone and levallorphane following fentanyl on the blood gases, EEG and psychodiagnostic tests (author's transl)].

After administration of fentanyl, 0.15 mg naloxone or levallorphan or placebo were given several times and in increased doses and at same intervals of time to six volunteers. The experiment has been done after the rules of a double blind study. Naloxone has shown its superiority to levallorphan. The study demonstrated a faster and better action of naloxone in the way of a return to initial conditions of respiratory frequency, blood gases, and EEG. The concentration and attention faculties after naloxone have become clearly better in contrary to the results after levallorphan. At the end of an anaesthetic procedure, the greatest care should be given to the patient. First of all effective antagonism of the respiratory depression should be obtained without concomitant sedative and psychomimetic effects. The use of antagonists with agonist properties to reverse respiratory depression due to a morphinomimetic drug is not justified and so naloxone should supplant levallorphan.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Headache determination by meteorotropic influences.

Using the biometeorologic system proposed by Brezowsky, the chronological distribution of migraine attacks was analysed in 4 patients over a 5-year period. A correlation of complaints with physical indices (atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and ionisation) could not be established. However, a significantly high incidence of headache symptoms was shown in the biometeorologic phase 6Z (although other investigators have reported such an increase in weather phases 3 and 4). The important common denominator of these weather phases seems to be a disturbed circadian rhythm which interferes with endogenous biorhythms and triggers attacks of headache.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic value of the EEG. Neurologic diagnosis today].

The principal fields of application of the EEG are 1) the identification of transient functional disturbances - especially in cerebral seizures - which cannot always be reliably observed clinically, 2) the tracing of concomitant signs of substantial lesions which in the silent areas are not necessarily associated with isolated neurological defects and 3) the determination of the degree of severity of abnormalities when they do not agree with neurological or psychic disturbances. The discrepancies of the clinical findings themselves sometimes demand attention and benefit the patient when they lead to the identification of disturbances which could not at first be recognized. Selective indications, planned interrogation and thorough correlations with the clinical examinations and other findings are decisive for the value of the EEG in detail.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1977

[The hypnotic effect of fentanyl and sulfentanil. An electro-encephalographic comparison (author's transl)].

1. Electroencephalographic activity was registered in healthy subjects before, during and 90 minutes after intravenous injections of sufentanil and fentanyl. 2. With a dosage of ratio of 1:10, i.e., 0.025 mg/70 kg body weight sufentanil: 0.25 mg/70 kg body weight fentanyl as well as 0.015 mg/70 kg body weight sufentanil: 0.15 mg/70 kg body weight fentanyl, sufentanil was hypnotically more potent from fentanyl. 3. Sufentanil acts more powerfully on the respiratory regulation than does fentanyl. Periods of apnoea occur more frequently but can be interrupted by external psychophysiological stimulation. 4. The evaluation of indices of certain EEG-waves, characterizing well defined electroencephalographic stages corresponding to the waking-sleeping-behaviour confirmed the visual over-all analysis of the EEG-stages. 5. Physiological observations on heartrate, systemic blood pressure, rapid eye movements during wakefulness, and slow eye movements during sleepiness showed no reliable differences between sufentanil and fentanil. The systematically documented symptoms and vegetative signs of subjects also showed neither differences nor side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The EEG in hypercalcemia (author's transl)].

The EEG of 20 patients with hypercalcemia of different aetiology were investigated. (Hyperparthyreodism n = 14; Carcinomas with metastases n = 5; plasmocytom n = 1). General abnormalities were observed in most cases in different severity with a decrease of frequencies (n = 13) and an abnormal periodicity (n = 9). Beside one case there was a positive correlation between serum-calcium-level and EEG-abnormalities. Abnormal EEG-findings were observed mostly above serum calcium levels of 6,5 mval/1 = 13 mg%. There was a marked normalisation of EEG with decreasing serum-cacium-level. Different factors dealing with these abnormal EEG findings in hypercalcaemia were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Meteorotropy of vasomotor cephalea].

During a period of 823 days (from 1st October 1971 to 31st December 1973), attacks of migraine, non-migraine vascular cephalea and cephalea due to other neighbouring disturbances strong enough to affect working capacity were studied in 4 subjects. 2152 pieces of data were collected. 2) Frequency was at a minimum in summer and peaked in spring and autumn. 3) Comparison with meteorological conditions points to a highly significant recrudescence of disturbances in cold, damp weather, and meteorological periodicity independent of biological (circadian) rhythms.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1976

[Periodicity complexes in the EEG of necrotising herpes-encephalitis (author's transl)].

The clinical and electroencephalographic observations in two patients with verified necrotising herpes-encephalitis are presented. In one of the ill persons it was possible to isolate the virus. With these two observations four additional ones published previously are compaired electroencephalographically. Thereby the EEG reveal a certain variation in form and local distribution of periodic discharges (bursts) from relatively regularly recurring slow waves to stereotype periodicity complexes. Next an attempt is made to arrive at physiopathogenetic explanations for the EEG-changes by compairing the pathologico-anatomical findings of the six cases presented with those of ten more cases. The topographical distribution of the anatomical lesions in these inflammatory precesses seem to be of special importance for the occurence of the EEG-changes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Metabolic toxic causes of amnesic episodes (author's transl)].

To analyze disorders of memory functions, observations were made in healthy test subjects after administration of psychotropic drugs and anesthetics. In isolated cases amnesic episodes were recorded and in 8 of the subjects accurate measurements of the retrograde amnesia after propanidid anesthesia were made. The observations provided arguments for the delimitation of the immediate memory (ultra-short-term memory, one minute memory) from short-term memory and long-term memory of the conventional terminology. As a result of our investigations we came to the thesis that the transformation of the non-specific biochemical and electrophysiological processes underlying the immediate memory into the specific processes underlying the short-term memory is more susceptible to disturbances than that of reproduction and the processes serving for perception. With regard to forensic assessment, it is significant that behaviour foreign to the personality could not be observed in amnesic episodes.

Acetamides↗