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Biomedical subjects

J Koller

Publications and source records attributed to J Koller.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Reflux and stool frequency in the artificial feeding of traumatized intensive care patients].

The effect of intragastric nutrion and its complications, especially the reflux pattern, were studied in 104 patients, who had to be intensively treated for more than 10 days. Patients suffering from polytrauma without abdominal injury (group I) or with abdominal injury (group III) and patients with isolated head/brain injury (group II) were included in this study. Parenteral nutrition was changed to intragastric administration as soon as possible and enteral nutrition was softly increased from 327 calories per day during the first week to 1800 calories or more in the next weeks. The general duration of feeding by nasogastric tube was between 16,1 and 19,8 days. The occurrence of reflux varied from 23,2% in patients of group II to 29,4% in patients of group I. Significant changes of reflux pattern were seen during the different weeks of treatment. The amount of reflux fluid was between 184,8 ml in group II and 355,4 ml in group III. The percentage of reflux fluid, if compared with the total enteral fluid administration revealed the maximum (16,6%) in patients of group III. Patients in group I had the highest frequency of defecation, the highest incidence of diarrhea was in all the groups really the same. Diarrhoea was seen in 6,7% of all patients. The underlying mechanism for these complications were discussed.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experiences with a new infusion system].

Fifty samples of an infusion system with a spherical drop chamber were tested and were found to function normally. The system's greatest advantage is that it can be applied in any position when used with flexible containers with pressure cuffs. While complications certainly are possible, they can be avoided. The system is particularly suitable for use in emergencies outside the clinic and while transporting patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Zn2Mg alkaline phosphatase in an early ptolemeic mummy.

Bone samples of a ptolemeic mummy have been employed to study the mode of conservation on the intactness of Zn2Mg alkaline phosphatase in both structure and catalytic activity. A protein of M(r) = 190 +/- 10 kDa being identical to the 200 kDa enzyme of fresh human bones was successfully isolated. Regardless of age 200 kDa protein bands and a distinct subunit at 60 kDa were seen in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The 200 kDa band was also monitored by activity staining. The specific activity was 120 mU/mg and 65% of the respective activity obtained in the identical preparation using fresh human tibia or rib. The enzymic activity was inhibited in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline and L-homoarginine. Radiocarbon dating supported the assignment of the mummy to the early ptolemeic period. Among the many bactericidal and fungicidal components employed for mummification were aromatic alcohols, mono- and sesquiterpenes. Pistachio resin was the major balm resin used. The microbiological sterility of the bone surface was ascertained by independent bacterial and fungal examinations.

Alcohols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rotacor: a new rotary blood pump.

A new rotary blood pump was tested in calves for 6 hr. The pump consists of a rigid housing with a trochoidal internal surface, an inlet and outlet, and two lateral walls. A two-corner piston rotates on an eccentric shaft in a trochoidal path, thus creating a gap seal. The pump is driven by a water-cooled DC motor. For right ventricular assist, a cannula was inserted into the right ventricle through the right atrium, and into the left ventricle for left ventricular assist. From a total of 10 experiments, two left ventricular assists, two right ventricular assists, and three biventricular assists were evaluated. The pump produced a pulsatile flow of 3 L at 70 rpm. Energy requirements were 2.19 watts for left, 2.06 for right, and 7.26 for biventricular assists. Plasma hemoglobin remained as low as 10 mg/dl during monoventricular, and increased during biventricular assists to 20 mg/dl after 3 hr, when it started to chop again; after 6 hr it was 16 mg/dl. From these preliminary results it is concluded that this new type of blood pump may be suitable as a circulatory assist device.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional heart replacement with the spindle pump: first results.

The spindle pump is a nonpulsatile blood pump with a double function, i.e., it works centrifugally and represses simultaneously. The first experiences with this type of pump used as a biventricular assist device in four short-term animal experiments (up to 13 hours) are described. It can be demonstrated that in cases of a normally beating heart, this BVAD decompresses both ventricles by 60-70%, while the aortic pressure is slightly increased; on the other hand, in case of ventricular fibrillation, the BVAD with two spindle pumps maintained the entire circulation, at an arterial pressure between 80 and 90 mmHg with a flow volume between 3.5 and 4 L/min.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent liver failure with severe rhabdomyolysis after liver transplantation for carbon tetrachloride intoxication.

Acute liver failure due to intoxication is a rare indication for liver transplantation which a usually has a good prognosis. We herein report the case of a young male, who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for acute liver failure due to carbon tetrachloride intoxication. Apart from hepatic and renal failure, the patient also developed severe rhabdomyolysis, which has not thus far been described as a toxic effect of this chemical agent. Despite forced hyperventilation, which is known to be the most effective means of eliminating the specifically lipophylic agent, as well as excessive plasma exchange following intravenous administration of fat emulsions, liver failure recurred when blood carbon tetrachloride concentrations were already at non-toxic levels. Retransplantation of the liver together with a kidney was only temporarily successful, since the patient died due to aspergillus sepsis. Based on this experience, we would recommend that whenever possible in patients with carbon tetrachloride intoxication, liver transplant should be delayed until most of the toxic agent has been eliminated in order to prevent fatal graft damage.

Acute Kidney Injury↗