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Biomedical subjects

J Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to J Kodama.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of captopril on glucose concentration. Possible role of augmented postprandial forearm blood flow.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of captopril on plasma glucose concentration. The daily profiles of the plasma glucose levels were determined in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetic normotensive subjects, treated with or without captopril at a dose of 25 mg 3 times/day. Forearm blood flow was also measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. Administration of captopril improved the daily profile of the plasma glucose level. Postprandial forearm blood flow was also augmented 2 h after a meal. These results suggest that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may improve glucose metabolism in diabetic subjects, possibly through enhancement of blood flow to skeletal muscle.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1990

Horseshoe kidney found in a female cadaver.

The present report describes a case of malformation of the kidney, of the type known as horseshoe kidney, in an 83-year-old Japanese female used for student dissection practice. In this case, the kidney consisted of three parts: the original kidneys on both sides and an isthmus between them. The kidneys formed a U-shaped structure as a result of fusion at the inferior poles of the original kidneys. As a whole, the structure presented a typical horseshoe shape. The renal artery system as well as the position of the kidney was almost normal except for a surplus artery into the isthmus. The incidence of horseshoe kidney was estimated to be 0.27% in our department for the period from 1975 to 1988.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Anomalous case of the left common carotid artery arising from the brachiocephalic trunk].

We found an anomalous branch of the aortic arch during the students' dissection practice at Fukuoka Dental College in 1988. The results are as follows; This case was found in a 92-year-old female cadaver (cause of death: cardiac dissufficiency), whose brachiocephalic trunk arose from the aortic arch forming a striking trunk with the left common carotid artery. The diameter of this trunk was 17.2 mm at its origin and the longitudinal length was 11.0 mm. This case corresponded to Typus B of Adachi's classification, while to Type C of De Garis's.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Hereditary angioneurotic edema: pathophysiology and therapy].

The hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE), owing to its characteristic clinical symptom, episodic formation of localized edema, has been the subject to be discussed in relation to the problems of the mechanism for the edema formation. On the other hand, when HANE is considered from the point of view on the abnormality in the plasma proteinase systems, it has been thought to be a suitable hereditary defect which enables to investigate into the interactions of the plasma proteinase systems. However, when the clinical course of the disease is correlated with the changes in the plasma proteinase systems, it appears very likely to state that HANE is a very unique model disease, in which edema attacks are elicited by the interactions between plasma proteinase systems and vascular system of the microcirculation, that are triggered by the exogenous stimuli under the influence of the control functions of the endocrine systems.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1984

Studies of four Japanese families with hereditary angioneurotic edema: simultaneous activation of plasma protease systems and exogenous triggering stimuli.

Forty-five relatives of 4 families with hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE) were studied. Twenty-five, including 11 asymptomatic kindreds with the disposition, showed typical changes in complement system compatible with HANE. Follow-up study of HANE patients showed that, even in remission period, complement, coagulation and fibrinolytic systems can be activated. During edema attacks, moderate haemoconcentration and neutrophilia were encountered and kallikrein-kinin system was found to be also activated. Replacement therapy with C 1-inhibitor preparation for an edema attack revealed that clinical improvement paralleled the increase in blood levels of high molecular weight kininogen. Thus, HANE attack is considered to be elicited in kindreds with the hereditary disposition by activation of plasma protease systems, particularly by that of kallikrein-kinin system. On the other hand, exogenous triggers that can initiate activation of the protease systems can be classified into 2, neuro-humoral (sympathetic nerve response) and physico-chemical, categories. Hence, the edema attack of kindreds with the hereditary disposition can at least be modified by the biosynthesis of plasma factors and the individual susceptibility to the liberated catecholamines. These two different reaction processes are considered to be linked by the release of plasminogen activator and/or Hageman factor activating enzyme.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1983

Rapid emergency testing using blood plasma.

A method of blood analysis, using plasma instead of serum, is very valuable in shortening the time for reporting an emergency test by about 50-60%, by eliminating the serum separation step. Good correlation between plasma and serum was obtained for common chemical analyses.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1983

[The antibacterial activity of new cephem antibiotics against clinical isolates. A comparison of the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime with 6 other antibiotics].

During the period from May through July 1981, a comparative study was carried out on the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftizoxime (CZX), cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX), cefotiam (CTM), cefmetazole (CMZ) and cefazolin (CEZ). CTX and these other cephem antibiotics were tested against fresh clinical isolates which had been obtained from clinical materials by the laboratories of 14 participating medical institutions. 1. The clinical isolates were obtained from various clinical materials in the following decreasing order: urine, sputum and pus/discharge; 85.7% of the isolates came from these materials. 2. Concerning the sources of each species of clinical isolates, it was found that P. aeruginosa was isolated from the greatest number -9- of different clinical materials. This was followed by E. coli and E. cloacae, each isolated from 8 different clinical materials, and C. freundii and E. aerogenes, each found in 7 different clinical materials. 3. In relation to S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae and S. pneumoniae, CTX showed the best antibacterial activity; the second most potent antibiotic was CZX. CMZ and LMOX were found to show relatively high MIC values for those species. Against S. aureus, CEZ showed the best antibacterial activity, but 3 resistant strains had MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 4. With regard to Gram-negative bacteria, CTX and CZX showed the best antibacterial activities for all of the species, except for P. aeruginosa. These were followed, in order, by LMOX and CPZ. Compared with these 4 antibiotics, CTM, CMZ and CEZ were found to have inferior antibacterial activities against these bacteria. In relation to P. aeruginosa, the peak of the MIC distribution for CPZ was 6.25 micrograms/ml, and this was the best antibacterial activity detected with the various antibiotics tested. This was followed by CTX (25 micrograms/ml) LMOX (25 micrograms/ml) and CZX (50 micrograms/ml). CTM had an MIC of 100 micrograms/ml for 1 strain, and MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml for all of the other strains of P. aeruginosa, indicating them to be resistant to this antibiotic. All of the strains were resistant to CMZ and CEZ, showing MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 5. For each of the tested antibiotics, no correlation was found between the MIC and the serogroup for either P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens.

Bacteria↗