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Biomedical subjects

J Koch

Publications and source records attributed to J Koch.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Zinc-, copper- and cadmium-binding protein in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells.

The properties of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells exposed in vivo to cadmium were investigated as a function of the zinc status of the host animals. Tumour-cell growth was inhibited by cadmium in both zinc-sufficient and zinc-deficient animals. However, cells in zinc-sufficient tumours accumulate much less cadmium than those in deficient tumours. The subcellular distributions of cadmium and zinc do not depend on zinc status. Cadmium and zinc are bound to a low-molecular-weight protein with properties similar to metallothionein. Without exposure to cadmium, a zinc- and copper-binding protein is still present that behaves like a metallothionein. This protein can rapidly bind cadmium added to Ehrlich cells in vitro. It is shown that the zinc- and copper-binding protein contains free thiol groups. Ehrlich cells isolated from cadmium-treated animals are viable and show normal incorporation of uridine into RNA, but the cellular uptake of thymidine and its incorporation into DNA are inhibited.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Treatment of urinary urge incontinence with clenbuterol (author's transl)].

Ten female patients with motor and 16 with sensory urge incontinence were treated with clenbuterol, a beta 2-sympathicomimetic drug, over a period of at least 4 weeks with a dosage of 10 microgram t.i.d. Urodynamic volumes increased significantly in sensory urge incontinence during the first and maximal urinary urgency; the tonometric index clearly decreased. Autonomous detrusor contraction, characteristic of motor urge incontinence, could be decreased or suppressed by clenbuterol. Urodynamic pressure characteristics were equally reduced significantly at first and maximal urinary urgency. In comparison, treatment of pure stress incontinence in 9 female patients led to no changes of measurements even after two weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Studies on the chemical nature of the lipidic J blood-group substance of cattle.

Total lipids extracted from J-positive cattle serum, erythrocytes or spleen exhibit J blood-group activity. The J subsance is concentrated in a lipid fraction obtained by column chromatography. Following mild alkaline hydrolysis or reduction with complex hydrides (LiAlH4, LiBH4), the J activity remains detectable in this lipid fraction even though all acyl ester groups have been destroyed as revealed by ester group determination. This disagrees with the suggestion that fatty acyl esters are essential for J activity. This was confirmed by experiments with a water-soluble J-active product prepared by ozone treatment of glycosphingolipids from bovine spleen. The results of these experiments are in favour of a glycosphingolipid containing anunusually lang oligosaccharide chain. Furthermore, it appears that the terminal moiety of the J determinant is not necessarily an N-acetyl galactosamine unit as suggested previously.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of accuracy comparing three types of urological manometers (author's transl)].

Manometrical examinations of the female urinary bladder are important in the field of urodynamic diagnosis. Accuracy in these measurements is a prerequisite for the reproducibility of the results. In this study, three types of urological manometers, differing in their principles of measurement, were tested for their physical and technical properties. Pressure was measured with a membrane manometer (instrument A) with Statham elements (instrument B), and with a micro-transducer (instrument C). The results using Statham elements and micro-transducers were exactly reproducible and varied only in their interference with external factors, which affect the quality of the results in clinical routine. Concerning the physical technique of measurement, instrument C with micro-transducers gives the most accurate results and is the easiest one to manage. For research and clinical routine it is superior to instrument B. It supplies reproducible data which are independent of external parameters such as the patient's position, attention and the way the instrument is set up. Our results only urodynamical measurements using micro-transducers can be taken as absolute measurements of excellent accuracy and are comparable among themselves as well as with other absolute measurements for long-term series of measurement. Using a membrane manometer (instrument A), measurements were hardly reproducible so that these results can be accepted as orienting data only.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1978

[The application of a radionuclide technique for uroflowmetry and determination of residual urine in gynecology (author's transl)].

The micturition of 74 female patients with different disturbances of bladder voiding was studied using 99mTc-DTPA and a gamma camera connected to a cinescintigraphic system and a small computer. The urinary flow and the residual urine were determined from the voided urine volume and from the time-activity curves and the residual counting rate respectively recorded over the bladder region. The values of normals are compared with those found in different types of incontinence and neurogenic micturition disorders. The method provides important parameters of the dynamics of bladder voiding without unphysiologic manipulations. The costs are very low if the standard equipment of a nuclear medicine department can be used.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Liquid chromatographic analysis of sebum lipids and other lipids of medical interest.

A technique is described for the high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of sebum lipid classes. The lipid present in sebum are separated by gradient elution HPLC from a microparticulate silica column and detected using a moving-wire detector. The system described can be linked to a computer. Quantitation can be carried out by comparing peak areas obtained with those of an internal standard. Peak trapping for further investigations of the separated components, for example by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, is very easy. Sebum lipids are separated into the following lipid classes: hydrocarbons and squalene, cholesterol esters and wax esters, fatty acids as their methyl esters, triglycerides, 1,3-diglycerides, 1,2-diglycerides, free cholesterol, monoglycerides and other polar materials. Besides to sebum, the method has been successfully applied to other lipid mixtures, such as serum lipids. Examples of other applications are shown.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1978

Urinary kallikrein in rats bred for their susceptibility and resistance to the hypertensive effect of salt. A new radioimmunoassay for its direct determination.

Urinary kallikrein was measured in rats bred to be susceptible (S) or resistant (R) to the hypertensive effect of salt. To determine kallikrein, three different methods were used: (1) a new direct radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the enzymic protein: (2) a method based on the capability of kallikrein, when incubated with kininogen, to generate kinins which were then measured by RIA (kininogenase activity); and (3) a method based on the capability of kallikrein to break the ester bond of p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (HCl (TAMe). A significant correlation ( r = 0.90) was found between the direct RIA and the kininogenase method. It was found that urinary kallikrein was significantly decreased in the S as compared to the R rats by the use of these three methods. Urinary kallikrein in the S rats was much lower when measured by the kininogenase method than by direct RIA or esterolytic assay. This difference could be due to excretion of pre-kallikrein and/or kallikrein bound to an inhibitor (inactive kallikrein). It is suggested that the decrease of urinary kallikrein excretion (active and inactive) in the S rats could be a consequence of a genetic defect that may affect the development of hypertension perhaps through the alteration of sodium and water excretion by the kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Incidence of different types of urinary incontinence (author's transl)].

The incidence of different forms of incontinence is reported as a short survey. Particular attention is given to the various opinions on the effect of pregnancy, birth and diminishing ovarian function on the occurrence of closure insufficiency. Also the frequency of urinary incontinence arising from bladder conditions is variously assessed. The proportion is certainly high in "operation failure" or recurrent incontinence. Organic causes are only found in a bare fifth of patients with stress incontinence, Iatrogenic urinary incontinence is rare, but imposes particular demands on the attending doctor. Involuntary loss of urine is very widespread among women, but it is relatively seldom found to be troublesome and to require treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Terminology and chemotherapy of the so-called endodermal sinus tumor].

In addition to a discussion on the histogenetic, terminological and clinical problems concerning the so called endodermal sinus tumor a typical case in a far advanced stage is reported. Chemotherapy with vincristine and adriblastine was not able to influence the deleterious course of desease. Anyhow, since little is known about the effect of chemotherapy on the so called endodermal sinus tumor, this report might be of advantage.

Adult↗