Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to J Kiss.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The authors report a review of 290 patients admitted for the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Twenty-seven (9.3%) patients developed the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The diagnosis was established by means of daily laboratory investigations (serum electrolytes and osmolality; urine sodium and osmolality; and fluid balance). The patients were divided into two groups (severe and mild SIADH) on the basis of clinical symptoms and signs and laboratory findings. High values of urine osmolality and sodium concentration in patients with low values of serum osmolality and sodium concentration were demonstrated. Thirteen (4.5%) patients had severe and 14 (4.8%) patients had mild SIADH. The source of bleeding was not discovered in 14 patients (4.8%). Nearly 10% of the patients with an aneurysm on the anterior communicating artery developed SIADH. Fluid therapy for these patients is described, and the treatment of SIADH is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Detection by radioimmunoassay of antigens related to the P30 polypeptides of primate type C oncoviruses in peripheral leukocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

Leukocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia were examined for antigens related to the p30 polypeptides of baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) and gibbon ape leukaemia virus (GaLV). Samples from patients with the quiescent phase of the disease proved to be negative or contained p30 of BaEV as the only viral antigen. In cases of blastoid crisis or acceleration, an antigen related to p30 of GaLV could be detected. In 5 of 6 patients, acceleration or blastoid crisis was preceded by expression of GaLV p30.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Effect of methicillin on the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

The effect of two concentrations of methicillin on the distribution of fatty acid (FA) in the individual phospholipids of the middle-log phase cultures of Staphylococcus aureus 5814S sensitive to methicillin was studied during a period of 2 h. In the presence of 1/2 X minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methicillin (= 1 microgram/ml) the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) + branched fatty acid (BFA) to saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the phosphatidic acid (PA) and in the C55-isoprenylphosphate (C55-IP) became significantly higher due mainly to the accumulation of n-C12 : 3, ai-C17 : 0, and ai-C19 : 0, and to the fall of n-C14 : 0, n-C16 : 0, and n-C20 : 0 in the PA, and to the 3-fold increase in n-C12 : 3 and a 2-fold decrease in the SFAs of the C55-IP. In contrast, the ratio of UFA + BFA to SFA was smaller in the phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and lysylphosphatidylglycerol (LPG) than that of the control. The reduction was attributed to a loss of ai-C15 : 0 and a gain of n-C20 : 0 in the PG, and to the decrease in ai-C17 : 0 and to the increase in n-C20 : 0 in the LPG. On the whole, the fluidity of the membrane phospholipids decreased. In the presence of 1 X MIC of methicillin (= 2 micrograms/ml) the ratio of UFA + BFA to SFA became higher in the PA due mainly to the prevention of the release of n-C18 : 1. In all the other phospholipids the ratio of UFA + BFA to SFA was smaller than in the control of the same age. The decrease in the ratios ranged in the order of C55-IP, PG, diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and LPG. The changes were attributed to the decrease in the proportion of n-C12 : 3 and ai-C15 : 0 or ai-C17, and to the increase in n-C20 : 0, except DPG. Thus the membranes in methicillin treated cocci were significantly less fluid than in the controls.

Cardiolipins↗
PubMed1980

Specific antibodies to viruses HL-23 and BILN in the blood plasma of patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia and with potential preleukaemia.

Blood plasma samples from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) or potential preleukaemia and from control subjects were tested for antibodies to the viruses HL-23 and BILN by membrane immunofluorescence. Of 15 patients with untreated AML, three, each having a low peripheral leucocyte count at the time of sampling, had detectable antibodies. Antibodies were present in the plasma of 5 out of 8 AML patients being in remission as a result of chemotherapy. In these cases, the antibody levels significantly exceeded those demonstrated in the untreated cases. Of 12 patients with potential preleukaemia, five proved to be positive. Of the 7 antibody-negative patients, four developed manifest leukaemia within 12-18 months after the first testing. The results are suggestive of a favourable prognostic role of the presence of the antibodies under study. In the majority of the antibody-positive AML and potential preleukameia cases antibodies were detectable to both components of the HL-23 virus. Of 30 control subjects, three had demonstrable antibodies to the BILN virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Antibiotic prophylaxis in general surgery].

In their discussion of the problem of antibiotic prophylaxis in general surgery the authors maintain that routine-like antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated in general surgery, but is superfluous and even harmful. So-called "b ind prophylaxis" is senseless and there is no "total prophylaxis". Antibiotic prophylaxis can be successful when it is selective, aimed, adapted to the individual subject and the antibiotic reaches an effective concentration at the appropriate moment not only in the serum but also in the tissues. Infection can be of exogenous and of endogenous origin. Prevention of exogenous infections does not depend upon antibiotic treatment. Antibiotic prophylaxis is contra-indicated when the operation is performed o a clean region. The problem of antibiotic prophylaxis in the course of operations of the bile duct, the stomach, the intestine and pancreas. during appendectomy and colorectal operations is discussed in detail. Post-operative infections of the respiratory tract cannot be prevented by antibiotic prophylaxis. Finally, the authors try to find an answer to the problem when and how antibiotic prophylaxis should be applied, what antibiotic should be used for how long and in what doses.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Effect of methicillin on the phospholipid content of methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

The effects of methicillin at concentrations of 1 microgram/ml (= 1/2 x minimum inhibitory concentration) and 2 microgram/ml (= 1 x MIC) on the phospholipid content of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 5814S growing exponentially were studied. During 2-hour treatment 1/2 x MIC of methicillin induced a significant increase in the phospholipid content of the cocci; accumulation of acid phospholipids was prevalent. In contrast, addition of 1 x MIC of methicillin to the cultures resulted in significantly less phospholipids in the cocci compared with that of the control cultures. There were some alterations in the amounts of individual phospholipids during treatment. The phosphatidic acid (PA) and diphosphatidylglycerol--cardiolipin (DPG) contents were significantly reduced in the first hour then reached the control values by the end of the 2nd hr of exposure. An opposite change was found in the amount of lysylphosphatidylglycerol (LPG), whereas the phosphatidylglycerol (PG) level was significantly lower in the treated cultures than in the controls of corresponding age. Phospholipid synthesis seems to be one of the sites of the action of methicillin in S. aureus.

Cardiolipins↗
PubMed1979

Ethnic variability in the plasma insulin response to oral glucose in Polynesian and Micronesian subjects.

The pattern of insulin response to oral glucose over a wide range of glucose tolerance has been studied in two separate ethnic groups--Polynesians and Micronesians. Fasting insulin concentrations were relatively unchanged over the entire range of glucose tolerance in both populations, irrespective of whether comparable lean or obese samples of both groups were studied. The patterns of 2-h plasma insulins were similar over the whole range of glucose tolerance in Polynesians and Micronesians. However, in the comparisons of all subjects, or lean or obese groups of these populations, the plasma insulin concentrations of the Micronesians were both consistently and significantly higher. As the data analysis was arranged to take into account groups with identical 2-h plasma glucose concentrations and comparable degrees of obesity, the differences cannot be attributed to differences in the glucose levels or in obesity. In the presence of similar fasting insulin concentrations, these findings imply an ethnic variability in the pancreatic beta-cell response to oral glucose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Expression of oncornavirus antigens in peripheral leucocytes of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Peripheral leucocytes from 16 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) were examined for the presence of oncornavirus p30 antigens by indirect cytoplasmic immunofluorescence. The leucocytes of 12 patients who could be kept in balance by chemotherapy proved to be negative or contained the p30 antigen of mammalian endogenous oncornaviruses as the only viral antigen. In the leucocytes of four patients being in blastoid crisis, an antigen related to the p30 antigen of mammalian leukaemia-sarcoma viruses was detected. In five of six patients decrease in sensitivity to chemotherapy, or blastoid crisis, was preceded by expression of leukaemia-sarcoma virus p30 antigen(s). Leucocytes from 15 CML patients kept in balance by chemotherapy and those from seven being in blastoid crisis, were examined by indirect membrane immunofluorescence for the presence of antigen(s) related to the gp70 antigen of the simian and murine leukaemia-sarcoma virus. All tests proved to be negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Amikacin: in vitro bacteriological studies, levels in human serum, lung and heart tissue, and clinical results.

The amikacin sensitivity of bacteria cultured from 3282 clinical cases of mixed type was determined. Gentamicin and amikacin were equally effective against E. coli strains. Amikacin inhibited the growth of more Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains than did gentamicin. Against Gram-positive bacteria gentamicin proved to be more effective. Many of the gentamicin-resistant strains were sensitive to amikacin. Amikacin levels were measured during 21 pulmonary and 14 heart operations, subsequent to a intramuscular administration of 500 mg amikacin. The serum contained 17-20 microgram/ml amikacin, in the intact, inflamed and tumourous parts of removed lung tissue 9, 6 and 6 microgram/g concentrations were detected, respectively, whereas the cardiac auricle and the pericardial fluid contained 3-4 and 2-4 microgram/ml, respectively. These amikacin levels reach or in most cases even exceed the minimal inhibiting concentrations against the bacteria. Therefore, amikacin is excellent for the treatment of respiratory infections, pericarditis and endocarditis caused by Gram-negative, gentamicin-resistant bacteria. Amikacin treatment of 8 patients with grave diseases as well as the successful local administration of amikacin based on the therapy of 55 cases of surgical suppurations is reported.

Amikacin↗