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Biomedical subjects

J Kawamura

Publications and source records attributed to J Kawamura.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Microorganisms isolated from urinary tract infection and their beta-lactamase production and evaluation of clinical efficacy of sulperazone].

Clinical survey of microorganisms isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) was carried out at the four major hospitals in Mie Prefecture from May to July, 1987, and production of beta-lactamase of the microorganisms was determined by the acidimetric method, "beta-checker". Among the total of 460 strains isolated from urine samples, 135 of gram positive cocci and 325 of gram negative rods were contained. Sixty percent of the gram negative rods and 14% of gram positive cocci produced beta-lactamase. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and Serratia marcescens were representative organisms which produced beta-lactamase. Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter species produced beta-lactamase at a higher rate but those were not so frequently isolated. In the sensitivity test to Sulperazone, the representative organisms isolated from urine, as a whole, had a sensitivity of 74% and E. coli, Klebsiella, S. epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were highly sensitive, while Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens showed low sensitivity. The clinical efficacy of Sulperazone was evaluated in 26 patients with complicated UTI. Overall effectiveness rate and eradication rate of beta-lactamase production organisms were 73.1 and 63%, respectively. Sulperazone is concluded to be a useful antibiotic for treating complicated UTI induced by beta-lactamase production organisms from the point of microbiology and safety.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of testicular feminization].

A 21-year-old female visited the gynecological clinic because of primary amenorrhea. The patient was a phenotypic female with scanty pubic hair, short and blind-ending vagina and bilateral inguinal soft masses. The patients was referred to our clinic. The serum luteinizing hormone level was 27.1 mIU/ml, follicle stimulating hormone level was 8.8 mIU/ml, and testosterone level was 11 ng/ml. Chromosomal analysis of peripheral lymphocytes revealed the karyotype 46, XY. The pathological specimens of bilateral inguinal masses showed atrophic testis without spermatogenesis and with Sertoli's cell nodular hyperplasia. The diagnosis of testicular feminization was established.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of etidronate disodium (EHDP) on urogenital malignancies with bone metastasis: a multicentered collaborative evaluation].

Clinical effects of EHDP on relief of bone pain, changes in bone lesions on X-ray and 99mTc-MDP scintigram and performance status were investigated in 19 patients with bone metastasis from urogenital cancers (4 renal cell cancers, 1 renal pelvic cancer, 4 bladder cancers and 10 prostatic cancers). EHDP was effective in relieving bone pain in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic lesions. Bone lesions on X-ray and 99mTc-MDP scintigram were slightly improved in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic lesions. Administration of EHDP did not improve the performance status. Changes in laboratory data such as serum alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium and urinary total hydroxy-proline following EHDP administration indicated inhibition of osteolytic activity with no effect on bone formation in the early period of treatment (in 4 weeks) and development of both osteolytic activity and bone formation in the later period (from 8 to 12 weeks). No marked side effects were observed. EHDP seems to be effective in relieving bone pain in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic bone metastasis. Moreover, some diphosphonate groups including EHDP are expected to be useful to the patients with malignant hypercalcemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Clomiphene citrate therapy in idiopathic male infertility].

Clomiphene citrate therapy was performed on 30 patients with idiopathic male infertility, who were intractable to non-hormonal therapy. Clomiphene citrate was administered orally at a dose of 25 mg per day for 25 days with 5 days of rest following Paulson' protocol, and we favorable results were obtained: Both sperm count and sperm motility improved in 11 cases (36.7%). Odera's score count decreased in 14 cases (46.7%), which were judged as effective. The wives of 4 patients treated by this therapy became pregnant. After this therapy, the serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and prolactin were 1.90, 1.81, 1.89 and 1.22 times higher, respectively. These findings indicate that clomiphene citrate therapy is an effective for idiopathic male infertility, but we need to consider that the sudden and marked elevation of serum testosterone level by this therapy might affect male accessory sex organs such as the prostatic gland which shows androgen dependency later in life.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1988

Effects of the new calcium antagonist 2-nitratopropyl 3-nitratopropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate on cerebral circulation in cats.

Effects of CD-349 (2-nitratopropyl 3-nitratopropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate) on cerebral circulation were studied in 10 cats. The cats were fixed in a stereotactic head-holder, and two burr holes were made at 3-mm intervals over the left parietal cortex. Through one cranial window, the pial artery and vein diameters were measured continuously by a newly developed videocamera system in conjunction with a width analyzer, and the other one was used for measurement of cerebral blood volume (CBV). The pial artery (141 +/- 14 micron) was dilated by 16.6 +/- 4.9% (p less than 0.01) 1 min and 24.8 +/- 5.1% (p less than 0.01) 5 min after the CD-349 injection. The pial vein (101 +/- 20 micron) was also dilated with the percent increase of the diameter being 11.4 +/- 4.0% (p less than 0.01) 1 min and 11.3 +/- 4.9% (p less than 0.05) 5 min after the CD-349 administration. The CBV was also increased. The mean arterial blood pressure was decreased by 39.8 +/- 7.3 mmHg (p less than 0.01) 1 min and 34.4 +/- 5.5 mmHg (p less than 0.01) 5 min after drug injection. Thereafter, the blood pressure gradually returned to the pre-drug level. Form these results it is suggested that CD-349 exerts direct vasodilatory action via inhibition of calcium influx across vascular cell membranes into cerebral vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of pyeloplasty of ureteropelvic junction obstruction].

Twenty-five of 34 patients who underwent pyeloplasty operation for ureteropelvic junction obstruction were able to be followed up for three months or more after operation. Postoperative results were compared in twenty-six kidneys of these patients according to clinical conditions such as age, duration of indwelling nephrostomy tube and splint catheter, operative method (one-stage or two-stage operation), preoperative urinary tract infections, preoperative grade of hydronephrosis and the postoperative period evaluated. Postoperative results evaluated at three months after operation, revealed no case with excellent improvement. At 36 months after operation excellent improvement rate was 46.7% and there was a significant difference in excellent improvement rate between these times. At 3, 6, 12 and 36 months after operation, improvement rate was 35.7, 55.0, 52.9 and 86.7%, respectively. At 3 and 6 months or more, deterioration rate was 29 and 0%, respectively. It is concluded that evaluation of pyeloplasty should be done at least 6 months after operation and even if renal function is stable at this period, more improvement in renal function can be expected at one year or more after operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The determination of oxalate in urine by enzymatic method using oxalate oxidase: comparison between enzymatic and gas-chromatographic methods].

Urinary oxalate is one of the most important constituents of urolithiasis, but the determination of oxalate in urine has not been performed as a routine laboratory examination. We tried to measure oxalate in urine by the enzymatic method with oxalate oxidase. The linearity of the standard curve and reproducibility of this method were confirmed. (Linearity: r = 0.996, S.D./mean: 0.5-3.6%, recovery rate: 99.5 +/- 3.3 (mean +/- S.D.)%) The correlation between this method and gas-chromatographic method was 0.926. The enzymatic method with oxalate oxidase can be utilized for determining the urinary oxalate as a routine laboratory examination.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1987

Comparison between pial and intraparenchymal vascular responses to sympathetic stimulation under hypercapnic conditions. With special reference to the mechanism for escape phenomenon.

We have shown that secondary vasodilation ('escape' phenomenon) during sympathetic nerve stimulation occurs in the intraparenchymal vessels but not remarkable in the pial vessels. To test a possible role of CO2 accumulation in the brain tissue in this phenomenon, the responses of pial and intraparenchymal vessels to sympathetic nerve stimulation were investigated during hypercapnia in 9 cats by using a video camera photoelectric system. The ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion was electrically stimulated for 5 min during hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 50 +/- 2 mm Hg). The intraparenchymal vessels as well as pial vessels remained constricted throughout the stimulation. Secondary dilation of the intraparenchymal vessels as seen at the later stage of sympathetic stimulation during normocapnia was not observed under the hypercapnic conditions. We assume that the arterial CO2 tension was so high that the constriction of inflow vessels could not result in accumulation of CO2 in the brain parenchyma. The accumulation of chemical metabolites as represented by CO2 is therefore considered to be the most probable mechanism underlying the escape phenomenon of the intraparenchymal vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations in patients with renal cell carcinoma-associated hypercalcemia are rarely suppressed.

We measured serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations in 18 patients with renal cell carcinoma-associated hypercalcemia. Only 2 patients (11%) had low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (less than 15 pg/ml) levels, and the mean 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level in the 18 patients was 44 +/- 30 (+/- SD) pg/ml, not different from the value of 42 +/- 22 pg/ml in 75 age-matched normocalcemic patients with various malignancies. Eighty-seven percent (26 of 30) of the hypercalcemic patients with extensive skeletal metastases due to other malignancies or with hematological malignancies had suppressed serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels (less than 15 pg/ml). In hypercalcemic patients with other malignancies and no skeletal metastases, only 54% (21 of 39) had low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. The mean serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level in the latter group was 21 +/- 26 pg/ml, significantly lower than that in normocalcemic patients. In renal cell carcinoma-associated hypercalcemia, suppression of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations is uncommon.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Adult Wilms tumor: a case of prolonged survival achieved by multimodal treatment].

Wilms tumor is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in children. In the last 2 decades the survival rate of children with this disease has dramatically increased. However, in adults, the guideline for its management is less clear. We herein report the prolonged survival of a patient with advanced adult Wilms tumor after treatment with chemotherapy, irradiation and operations. Adult Wilms tumor should be treated aggressively with a well-timed combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (i.e., multimodal treatment), even if the stage of the disease was advanced. Thereby, we suspect that the prognosis of adult Wilms tumor would be markedly improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Chromosomal investigation in infertile cases of azoospermia].

Chromosomal examination in 85 patients with azoospermia revealed 62 patients (73%) with the karyotype 46, XY and 23 patients (27%) with other abnormal karyotypes. In this population, there were 17 patients with 47, XXY. Other anomalies were: 46, XYp+, 46, XXp+, 46, XYp-, 45, X, t (Ynf; 21), 45, XY, t (13q 15q), and 46, XY, r (18). Serum LH and FSH levels were high and testosterone level was low in the patients with 47, XXY compared with the other 6 patients (p less than 0.01). Also the mean value of testicular volume was low in the patients with 47, XXY (p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Fever attack in percutaneous nephrolithotomy and transurethral ureterolithotripsy].

We studied the fever attacks and their factors in the cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and transurethral ureterolithotripsy (TUL). In PNL, fevers were significantly higher and more frequent in the cases with infected urinary stones than those with sterile stones, but prophylactic administration of antibiotics did not lower the fever or its frequency of attack. There was no significant difference between the cases of single procedure and those of multiple procedures although multiple procedures were likely to increase the frequency of fever attacks. In TUL, single J-catheter indwelling decreased fever attacks, but infection and administration of antibiotics did not affect the fever significantly. However, careful control of urinary tract infections before and after operation and of intrarenal pressure during operation are thought to be most important for prevention of fever attacks and urosepsis.

Adolescent↗