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Biomedical subjects

J Kawamura

Publications and source records attributed to J Kawamura.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The clinical features of spasms in patients with a cervical cord injury.

A study concerning subjective symptoms of spasms which occur during 24 hours was carried out in 13 quadriplegic patients. All had spasms. Tonic and clonic spasms occurred involving their limbs and trunk. Extensor spasms occurred more often in the lower limbs than in the upper limbs. The duration of spasms was 8 seconds on average and the frequency was 15 times on average per day. The spasms which were severe tended to last longer in duration and were more frequent in occurrence. No spasms occurred without a trigger. The activities in daily living were interfered with by spasms in most patients. Most of these activities also triggered spasms.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

Functional neuromuscular stimulation system using an implantable hydroxyapatite connector and a microprocessor-based portable stimulator.

For developing functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) orthoses, percutaneous implants made of sintered hydroxyapatite (HAp) and a microprocessor-based portable stimulator were devised, and related basic studies were carried out. First, a button-shaped HAp was percutaneously implanted up to 23 months in the skin of dogs, and 30 months in human subjects. The HAp was closely contacted with the skin tissue. Then, button-shaped HAp electrical connectors were percutaneously implanted in the skin of rabbits. Sufficient contractions of the calf muscle were elicited by electrical stimuli delivered to intramuscular electrodes through the connector. These results indicated that the HAp electrical connector could be clinically utilized as an implantable skin interface for FNS. The microprocessor-based stimulator capable of processing control command signals and delivering 16-channels of electrical stimuli was developed. Usefulness of the stimulator was demonstrated by applying it to flexor and extensor muscles of the thumb in a C5 quadriplegic patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of a selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase on the pial microcirculation in feline cerebral ischemia.

We evaluated the effects of cilostazol, a selective inhibitor of cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase, on the pial vessels of adult cats subjected to endothelial damage followed by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Six cats were treated with cilostazol and four with 30% N,N-dimethylformamide in 70% saline (solvent). The brain surface was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a cranial window for 3 minutes to selectively damage the endothelium of the pial vessels in both groups. Beginning 32 minutes after termination of the irradiation, the middle cerebral artery was occluded for 30 minutes. Thirty minutes before occlusion, intravenous infusion of 30 micrograms/kg/min cilostazol or 0.1 ml/kg/min solvent was begun and continued until the end of the study. Before occlusion, the infusion of cilostazol induced a significant (p less than 0.05) dilatation while the infusion of solvent produced no significant changes in the diameter of the pial arteries. The pial veins of solvent-treated cats showed significant (p less than 0.05) constriction during occlusion, whereas cilostazol-treated cats exhibited only mild constriction of the pial veins. The formation of platelet thrombi after occlusion was significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited in the pial veins of cilostazol-treated compared with solvent-treated cats. Similarly, the microcirculation of the pial veins was effectively restored after reopening of the middle cerebral artery in cilostazol-treated compared with solvent-treated cats. Our data suggest that cilostazol is an effective antithrombotic agent as well as a potent vasodilator acting on vascular smooth muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Establishment of the new cell lines derived from the human renal cell carcinoma and study of the sensitivity test of anti-cancer drugs to cell lines].

We took cultures of many human renal cell cancers and established two cell lines in vitro which were derived from the spindle cell carcinoma of a 67-year-old woman (MR-1) and from the dark cell carcinoma of a 74-year-old woman (MR-2). Using a nude mouse, we established the cell line in vivo (MRV) which was derived from the same patient as that for MR-1. MR-2 was maintained through 140 passages and MR-2 110 passages. MRV was maintained through 7 passages. With passaging, the characteristics, the doubling times and the chromosomal numbers of these cell lines changed, these changes were caused by the transformation, the mutation and the selection of the passaging cells. The study of the sensitivity test of the anti-cancer drugs to the established cell lines was done using the radioisotope uptake assay in vitro and the tumor volume changes in nude mice in vivo. We considered there were differences between the effective drugs used in vitro assay and in vivo assay. As to radioisotope uptake assay, it is difficult to judge the exact effect of the plant alkaloids, which inhibit the cell division and are dependent on the contact time, and we may overestimate the effect of the cytotoxic antibiotics. Further investigation on the methodology of the sensitivity test of the anti-cancer drugs would be necessary for the clinical application.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of serum prostatic specific antigen in prostatic cancer: simultaneous assays of prostatic specific antigen, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase in 113 newly diagnosed patients with prostatic cancer].

Serum prostatic specific antigen (PA), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels were measured in 113 untreated patients with prostatic cancer and in 137 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). We used a PA-TESTWAKO enzyme immunoassay kit, gamma-Sm enzyme immunoassay kit and PAP radioimmunoassay kit. Of the 113 patients, 81.4%, 73.5% and 69%, respectively, were detectable using a single assay. PA was more sensitive than the other two markers in all stages, especially in localized disease (stages A, B and C). Using the BPH group as a negative control, specificities of PA, gamma-Sm and PAP were 85.4%, 81.0% and 94.2%, respectively. Efficiency was, respectively, 81.2%, 79.6% and 82.8%. In the follow up period, 15 patients presented disease progression. At the time of clinical detectable progression, the sensitivities of PA and gamma-Sm were both 100% (15/15), while 67% (10/15) for PAP. Concerning the sensitivity within 6 months prior to progression, gamma-Sm and PA tended to be more sensitive than PAP in early detection of disease progression. This study shows that PA is more reliable than gamma-Sm and PAP in detecting and staging of prostatic cancer. gamma-Sm and PA appear to be more reliable in earlier prediction of disease progression.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of adult Wilms' tumor].

A 49-year-old women who presented with right upper abdominal mass and back pain had a nephroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, in the right kidney. After radical nephrectomy the patient was treated with chemotherapy in the form of actinomycin D and vincristine. Despite the intensive chemotherapy, the patient died of respiratory failure by multiple metastasis at chest wall and lung. The pathology and treatment of adult Wilms' tumor were discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[A case of bilateral testicular germ cell tumor].

A case of bilateral successive tumor of germ cell origin is reported. A 29-year-old man visited our clinic with a complaint of swelling of right scrotal contents 18 months after initial left orchiectomy for a seminoma. The right orchiectomy was performed and its histological finding was also seminoma. Between 1965-1987 we treated 55 patients with testicular germ cell tumors. Two of them suffered a second germ cell tumor. One of them who had different histology of teratocarcinoma on left side and seminoma on right side had been reported previously. Herein, we report the second case and review the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies on ceftriaxone in complicated urinary tract infections].

Ceftriaxone (CTRX) was clinically evaluated in 20 cases of complicated urinary tract infections. CTRX was administered for 5 days at the dose of either 1 g or 2 g once a day by intravenous injection into 10 cases. The clinical efficacy was excellent in 8 cases, moderate in 9 and poor in 3 to make an overall clinical efficacy was 91% in 11 cases with catheter indwelt. Bacteriologically, 18 out of 21 causative pathogens disappeared with an eradication rate of 86%. Neither subjective nor objective adverse reactions were observed in any case. CTRX administration once a day is effective for complicated urinary tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Secondary amyloidosis of the bladder associated with Sjögren's syndrome: a case report].

A 57-year-old woman visited the Mie University Hospital with the complaint of lower abdominal pain on December 2, 1987. Cystoscopic examination revealed a non-papillary tumor with a broad base in the left posterior wall. A diagnosis was made by biopsy of the bladder epithelium. Amyloid fibrils were confirmed in the biopsy specimen with polarization and electron microscopies. Symptomatic secondary amyloidosis of the bladder is very rare. To date, only 15 cases have been reported in the American and European literatures. This seems to be the first case reported in Japan.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1988

A male subject with 3 Y chromosomes (48, XYYY): a case report.

We describe a male subject with 3 Y chromosomes who presented with complaints of lack of sexual desire and failure to achieve rigid erection. The patient was tall and had markedly incurved little fingers on both hands as well as small testes. Karyotype was 48, XYYY. The patient's parents had normal karyotypes. Endocrinological profile suggested a primary functional disturbance of the gonads. Testicular biopsy demonstrated atrophic seminiferous tubules without spermatogenesis. To our knowledge this case represents the third instance of a man with an 48, XYYY karyotype without mosaicism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Temporal and spatial factors in diethylstilbestrol-induced squamous metaplasia of the developing human prostate.

The effects of exogenous estrogen on the developing human prostate were examined in human fetal prostatic rudiments grown for 1 month as subcapsular renal grafts in athymic male nude mice treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES). Prostatic rudiments grown in untreated (control) hosts exhibited normal ductal morphogenesis, growth, and secretory cytodifferentiation. Squamous metaplasia was observed rarely in controls (2 of 22). Conversely, squamous metaplasia was observed in the prostatic utricle and urethra of all 17 specimens grown in DES-treated hosts. Proximal and distal prostatic ducts exhibited DES-induced squamous metaplasia in 13 and 12 of the specimens, respectively. When present, metaplastic changes were mild in the distal ducts. The distribution and intensity of metaplasia were related to the age of the specimen during the period of DES exposure. In specimens grown in DES-treated hosts to a gestational age equivalent of 16.5 weeks or less, squamous metaplasia was only seen in the prostatic utricle and urethra; however, in specimens grown to a gestational age equivalency of 17 weeks or more, squamous metaplasia was observed in the prostatic ducts as well. The nonuniform distribution of estrogen-induced squamous metaplasia within the developing prostatic ductal system emphasizes a regional and age-dependent susceptibility to exogenous estrogens in proximal ductal areas (near the urethra) as compared with distal ductal regions of the developing human prostate.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Huge pelvic fibromatosis encroaching on the urinary bladder. A case report.

A patient with a huge pelvic fibromatosis, a form of intra-abdominal desmoid, encroaching on the urinary bladder is described. Because of its rarity, there is frequently a lack of diagnostic awareness of this tumor, particularly in the gynecological or urological patient. Although this tumor is a locally invasive benign tumor which dose not metastasize, management by radical tumor excision without the sacrifice of the major pelvic nerves and vessels is mandatory, since this tumor has generally a high postsurgical recurrence rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Stable prostacyclin analogue preventing microcirculatory derangement in experimental cerebral ischemia in cats.

We evaluated the effect of a stable synthetic prostacyclin analogue, TRK-100, on the microcirculatory derangement occurring in feline pial vessels with endothelial damage after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Fifteen adult cats were divided into an untreated group (Group 1, n = 8) and a treated group (Group 2, n = 7). Thirty minutes after 10 minutes of ultraviolet irradiation, which selectively damaged endothelium in the pial vessels, the middle cerebral artery was occluded in both groups and maintained for 30 minutes. In Group 2, 50 ng/kg/min TRK-100 was continuously infused intravenously following ultraviolet irradiation. In both the pial arteries and veins, platelet aggregate adhesion to the endothelium with subsequent thrombus formation was significantly (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively) inhibited during middle cerebral artery occlusion in Group 2 compared with Group 1. Similarly, blood flow stasis in the pial veins was effectively prevented in Group 2 during occlusion. Furthermore, the pial artery diameter returned to the control level during the late period of occlusion, whereas in Group 1 the pial artery remained constricted. Our data suggest that TRK-100 can prevent microcirculatory derangement in the acute stage of ischemic stroke.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A case of pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1 associated with gonadotropin resistance and hypercalcitoninaemia.

A case of a thirty-eight year old man with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type 1 associated with gonadotropin resistance and hypercalcitoninaemia was reported. The basal levels of the luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were elevated, and the responses to the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone were exaggerated. The basal level of testosterone was normal, but the response to human chorionic gonadotropin was blunted. The serum calcitonin level was high, and hyper-responsiveness was observed by pentagastrin administration. From these results, it was suggested that partial testicular resistance to gonadotropin and the possibility of resistance to calcitonin were present in our case.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of gamma-seminoprotein as a serum marker of prostate carcinoma].

The serum levels of gamma-Seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 77 patients with prostatic cancer (30 untreated and 47 treated), 44 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and 12 patients with prostatitis. Serum levels of gamma-Sm in each disease were as follows; untreated prostatic cancer 23.2 +/- 18.3 ng/ml (positive rate 93%), treated prostatic cancer 4.7 +/- 8.3 (positive rate 25.5%), benign prostatic hypertrophy 3.6 +/- 3.3 (positive rate 23.7%), prostatitis 2.0 +/- 2.0 (positive rate 7.7%). Serum gamma-Sm levels in prostatic cancer were higher in advanced stage but relatively low in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. We consider that the level of serum gamma-Sm is a useful tumor marker as well as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) in diagnosis and follow-up of the patients with prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗