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Biomedical subjects

J Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to J Jensen.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Some public expenses in connection with occupational accidents. A follow-up study of an emergency department material.

An attempt has been made to calculate some of the public expenses arising from occupational accidents, by means of a follow-up study of an ad hoc emergency department investigation of 6 941 consecutive cases. Each accident has given rise, on average, to two visits to a physician, and to hospitalization for 1.1 days. During a one-year period, the expenses of sick benefits, hospital admissions, and medical treatment alone for the whole of Denmark amount to a minimum of 1.2 milliard 1982 Danish kroner, and at least 8 900 man-working-years have been lost.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1983

Wound complications after closure of abdominal incisions with Dexon or Vicryl. A randomized double-blind study.

Polyglactin 910 and polyglycolic sutures were compared in layer closure of laparotomy wounds after 306 acute or elective operations. The total incidence of wound dehiscence and herniation was 0.65%, with no significant difference between polyglycolic acid (0.6%) and polyglactin 910 (0.7%). The incidence of abscess, granuloma or sinus formation was 6.5% for polyglycolic acid and 11.3% for polyglactin 910. The difference was not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Bladder mucin: a scanning electron microscopy study in experimental cystitis.

Scanning electron microscopy has been used to assess surface mucin changes following an induced Escherichia coli urinary tract infection in the rat bladder. The principal changes seen following bacterial challenge were bacterial adherence to the urothelium, swelling of epithelial folds, disruption of the mucin layer, and increased adherence of bacteria to the sub-surface epithelium. The bladder mucin before infection appeared as an even, whitish, viscous layer which covered epithelial cells and cell junctions. Bacteria appeared to become enmeshed in mucin strands after infection and this process may facilitate bacterial washout from the bladder. A recovery phase showed reversal of the scanning electron microscopy changes. These findings support other studies in suggesting that mucin may play a role in protecting the bladder from invading and adhering bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Vaginal immunization against urinary tract infection.

In an attempt to lessen susceptibility to induced urinary tract infections, rats were immunized by a non-traumatic, non-parenteral, intra-vaginal route. Up to 8 weeks following vaginal immunization against Escherichia coli O6, there was decreased adherence of viable E. coli O6 to the rats' bladder epithelium. Scanning electron microscopy of the urothelium revealed that immunized rats had less epithelial swelling, exfoliation, and surface mucin disruption than non-immunized control animals. Immunized animals also cleared an induced E. coli O6 infection from the kidneys and bladder faster than control animals. Vaginal immunization may offer a new approach to prophylaxis and treatment of ascending urinary tract infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Resolution of induced urinary tract infection: an animal model to assess bladder immunization.

The resolution of an Escherichia coli urinary tract infection in the bladder and kidneys of control and immunized rats was used to assess their resistance to experimentally induced infection. Prior intravesical immunization of rats with formalin killed E. coli 06 resulted in faster resolution of an infection that had been induced with viable E. coli 06 than was observed in nonimmunized controls. The faster resolution of infection after immunization correlates with our previous findings of decreased adherence of bacteria to urothelium of immunized rats and supports the hypothesis that local immune responses in the urinary tract may play a role in resistance to recurrent urinary tract infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania: continued remission of symptoms after discontinuation of indomethacin.

Discontinuation of indomethacin in chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH) usually causes relapse of symptoms within a few days. A patient with characteristic symptoms of CPH is reported. The patient had daily attacks of unilateral headache accompanied by ipsilateral lacrimation and conjunctival injection, a frequency of attacks between four and fourteen per day, and never a headache-free day. He was treated with indomethacin, and all symptoms disappeared within 24 h. After three months indomethacin was discontinued. Six months after that the patient was still symptom-free.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Circadian profiles of insulin receptors in insulin-dependent diabetics in usual and poor metabolic control.

We have characterized the 24-h changes of insulin receptors on erythrocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes of long duration. These diabetics were studied both in usual and poor metabolic control. Moreover, we have examined daytime changes of insulin receptors on monocytes from newly discovered diabetics. In both erythrocyte and monocyte studies, diabetics were compared to healthy controls. At insulin tracer concentration, insulin receptor binding to erythrocytes from diabetics in usual control and normal volunteers underwent a statistically significant diurnal variation with high binding values in the early morning, low daytime values with a nadir in the late afternoon, and a peak around midnight. Even diabetics in poor metabolic control due to insulin deprivation had preserved a similar 24-h rhythm of erythrocyte insulin receptors. Insulin receptor binding to monocytes at insulin tracer concentration declined significantly during the day both in newly discovered diabetics and in healthy controls. The mechanisms responsible for the acute phase changes of insulin-receptor binding are unknown, but the receptor changes seem related to the fed state. Moreover, analysis of the temporal interrelationship between erythrocyte insulin binding and plasma insulin concentration in diabetics during the 24-h period suggests that in these patients insulin may be one of the factors determining the rapid insulin receptor regulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dislocated femoral neck fractures. A follow-up study of 98 cases treated by multiple AO (ASIF) cancellous bone screws.

A series of 98 dislocated femoral neck fractures were treated by closed reduction and osteosynthesis with multiple AO (ASIF) cancellous bone screws. The patients were followed up for 2 years (or until death). The degree of dislocation did not have a statistically significant influence on the failure rate, which was, however, significantly correlated with poor reduction. Thirty-nine percent of the fractures were complicated by non-union or late segmental collapse. Forty-three of the patients participated in the 2 year follow-up examination. Of these patients, 38 had achieved excellent or good hip function. It was concluded that the reduction was the most important single factor in treatment of these factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Malignant catarrhal fever in an Indian gaur and greater kudu: experimental transmission, isolation, and identification of a herpesvirus.

Herpesviruses were isolated in bovine cell cultures from buffy coat cells obtained from an Indian gaur (Bos gaurus) and a greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) with clinical signs of the head and eye form of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). Both animals were from herds housed in a zoologic park in Oklahoma. Serial transmission of the head and eye form of MCF was accomplished by using whole blood from the gaur into a Hereford-Angus heifer, then whole blood from the heifer into a Holstein calf, and finally, whole blood from the calf into a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A herpesvirus was isolated in bovine cell cultures inoculated with buffy coat cells from the heifer, and 2 deer inoculated with this herpesvirus developed the head and eye form of MCF. A deer inoculated with whole blood from the greater kudu also developed clinical signs of MCF, and a herpesvirus was subsequently recovered from the deer. Clinical signs of MCF included a mucopurulent catarrh, pyrexia (38.8 to 42.1 C), anorexia, and corneal opacity, and death occurred between postinoculation days 15 and 21.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Human breast cancer: heterogeneity of estrogen binding sites.

A patient who had two primary tumors in the same breast is described. Both tumors were infiltrating duct carcinomas, but they differed as far as histologic malignancy and estrogen-receptor-positivity are concerned. One tumor was estrogen-receptor-positive the other was estrogen-receptor-negative. The case illustrates the multicentric origin of breast cancer as well as its cellular heterogeneity. Problems of treatment are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Tomography of the internal acoustic meatus. A critical evaluation of the radiological appearance in normals and in patients with acoustic neuromas.

The radiological appearance of the internal acoustic meatus, obtained by tomography of the temporal bone, is presented for 115 patients with normal inner-ear function. These patients served as normal controls, and their tomograms are compared with those obtained in 48 patients who were initially suspected of having acoustic neuromas but in whom Pantopaque cisternography was negative. These are also compared with the findings obtained in 59 patients with surgically-verified acoustic neuromas. In normal persons the size of the vertical diameter of the meatus on the two sides, as measured by tomography, differed in only a few cases by more than 1 mm. The results obtained in patients who were suspected of having a neuroma, but in whom Pantopaque cisternography had excluded such a diagnosis, coincided completely with the results found in the normal group, and a difference of more than 1 mm. between the right and left sides is therefore indicative of a pathological process in the internal and acoustic meatus. A normal meatus does not exclude the presence of a tumour, since 10 per cent of patients with neuromas have identical meatus. No evidence of radiological destruction was found, either in the normal material or in the group of patients suspected of having a neuroma. Destruction of the bone surrounding the meatus must therefore be regarded as highly suggestive of the presence of a tumour, but lack of destruction does not exclude a tumor. Tomography of the temporal bone should be applied routinely in the search for acoustic neuromas, in patients with unilateral acoustic or vestibular complaints. The evaluation of the tomograms, however, should be performed by a few, specially interested radiologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Histiocytosis X--an immune deficiency disease? Studies on antibody-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.

Six children with histiocytosis X, all in clinical remission, were investigated for antibody-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by monocytes and neutrophils. Monocytes demonstrated a reduced cytotoxicity and a normal Fc receptor activity. Judged by light microscopy the monocytes were normal. Preincubation with the patient's serum did not influence the cytotoxicity of normal monocytes. Neutrophils from patients with histiocytosis X showed a normal cytotoxic activity. We postulate a functional defect of the mononuclear phagocyte system in histiocytosis X.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1981

The effect of female sex hormones on subgingival plaque.

The periodontal status of three groups of women; pregnant, taking oral contraceptives, and nonpregnant, were evaluated clinically and microbiologically for changes in their gingiva and any corresponding changes in the subgingival microbial plaque, specifically the percentage of Fusobacterium species and Bacteroides species. Overall, the women had relatively good gingival health. However, statistically significant increased scores were observed in the Gingival Index and the gingival crevicular fluid flow in the pregnant group compared with the nonpregnant group. The most dramatic microbial changes were the increased proportions of Bacteroides species both in the pregnant group and the group taking oral contraceptives over the nonpregnant group. Increased female sex hormones substituting for the napthaquinone requirement of certain Bacteroides were most likely responsible for this increase. No statistically significant clinical difference was noted between the group taking oral contraceptives and the nonpregnant group, although a 16-fold increase in Bacteroides species was observed in the group taking oral contraceptives.

Adolescent↗