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Biomedical subjects

J Jedlicka

Publications and source records attributed to J Jedlicka.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The significance of clinical findings in evaluating the degree of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis].

In 21 patients with bioptically confirmed cirrhosis of the liver catheterization of the lesser circulation and hepatic veins was performed. The portohepatic gradient was considered a measure of the portal pressure. The authors did not find a statistically significant relationship between the portohepatic gradient and the presence of oesophageal varices, haemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract, biochemical parameters (albumin, gamma-globulin and bilirubin level) and the prothrombin time. The portohepatic gradient was not significantly related with the central venous pressure, the median pressure in the pulmonary artery and the pressure in the wedged pulmonary capillaries. It was, however, significantly higher in patients with ascites (p less than 0.05); patients in group B and C of Child-Turcott's classification had a portal gradient which was significantly higher than in patients of group A (p less than 0.01). The value of the cardiac index and the systemic vascular resistance was not related to values of the portohepatic gradient; a hyperkinetic circulation which a cardiac index above 4.5 l/min/m2 was recorded only in three patients. Based on the above results, the authors assume that a hyperkinetic circulation in patients of groups A and B according to Child-Turcott's classification is not a frequent finding and is not related to the value of the portal pressure. In the author's opinion the most suitable clinical indicator of the degree of portal hypertension is Child-Turcott's classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of terlipressin (Remestyp Spofa) on hemodynamic parameters in patients with portal hypertension associated with liver cirrhosis].

Remestyp Spofa is used in wide clinical practice, among others also in the comprehensive treatment of acute haemorrhage from oesophageal varices. To patients with portal hypertension, oesophageal varices associated with cirrhosis of the liver by means of an infusion pump Remestyp was administered, 13.4 micrograms/1 kg body weight for one hour. By means of a Doppler flowmeter the rate of the blood flow and the blood flow through the trunk of the portal vein was assessed before, at 10-minute intervals during infusion, and during the 90th, 120th and 150th minute. After administration of the drug no significant effect on the investigated parameters was recorded. Therefore in the same group of patients by means of a catheter before and after infusion the following parameters were assessed: central venous pressure, pressure in the pulmonary artery, cardiac minute output, pressure in the free and wedged hepatic vein. Simultaneously changes of the systemic blood pressure were investigated. After Remestyp a significant rise of the systemic blood pressure was recorded, a rise of the central venous pressure and the pressure in the pulmonary artery. The minute volume declined slightly. The pressure in the free and wedged hepatic vein rose. The authors assume therefore that the direct effect of Remestyp on the portal circulation is not haemodynamically significant. The favourable haemostyptic action of Remestyp in patients with haemorrhage from oesophageal varices is rather due to an increased tonus of the oesophageal sphincters. With regard to the very satisfactory experience with the administration of nitrates in this indication their combined administration with vasopressin or its derivatives is considered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Hemodynamics↗
PubMed1988

Antiepidemic measures against ancylostomiasis and their efficiency in our conditions.

Coprological examinations were made in 358 foreigners, 51 of which (14.2%) were positive from the point of view of hookworm eggs presence. On the basis of the discovered infection prevalence, which is still high in foreigners arriving to the CSSR from the tropics and subtropics and on the basis of the new information about the developmental cycle of Ancylostoma duodenale the author recommends to alter the so far valid antiepidemic measures in the following sense: Persons should be regarded as parasitologically negative to hookworm infection, if their coprological examination is permanently negative within 40 weeks of their stay in the CSSR.

Ancylostoma↗
PubMed1987

Time course of vagal effects studied in clinical electrocardiograms.

We consider the transient effects of brief bursts of vagal stimulation on cardiac excitation and conduction as manifested in the clinical electrocardiogram. We hypothesize that such vagal effects may be more frequent than commonly recognized and that they may account for some types of arrhythmias that are commonly ascribed to other mechanisms. We first briefly review the direct chronotropic and dromotropic effects of brief vagal stimulus bursts in animals and man. We next consider the effects of brief vagal bursts on heart period in various arrhythmias in man, particularly ventriculophasic sinus arrhythmia with various degrees of A-V block, and various patterns of A-V dissociation. We illustrate these points with numerous clinical ECGs from our patient population, and with other cases from the literature. We next consider the effects of brief vagal bursts on A-V conduction time, and illustrate this with clinical cases of: (a) prolongation of A-V conduction after premature beats, (b) 'supernormal' A-V conduction, (c) Wenckebach periodicities, and (d) alternation of A-V conduction times. We review the evidence that brief vagal bursts are generated in vivo, and are a naturally occurring reflex phenomenon. We therefore suggest that such brief vagal effects should perhaps be considered more commonly when ascribing mechanisms to some complex and often difficult to interpret arrhythmias.

Animals↗