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Biomedical subjects

J J Pindborg

Publications and source records attributed to J J Pindborg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Yeast species and biotypes associated with oral leukoplakia and lichen planus.

Of 36 patients, 17 had oral leukoplakia, including homogeneous and nonhomogeneous types, and 19 had reticular lesions of oral lichen planus. A sample of yeast flora in each patient was taken from the pathologic lesion as well as from normal-appearing mucosa. The isolated yeasts were identified according to species level, and identification was extended beyond the species level for one species, Candida albicans, to reveal the biotype by means of the Odds and Abbott procedure comprising tests for acid and salt tolerance, proteinase production, resistance to 5-fluorocytosine and safranine, and assimilation of urea, sorbose, and citrate. Yeasts were present in the lesions of 82% of leukoplakia patients, compared to 37% of lichen planus patients, a frequency of yeasts corresponding to that in healthy adults. C. albicans was the dominating species in lesions of both diseases, constituting 82% of all yeasts in the leukoplakia lesions. In addition, the following species were identified: Candida tropicalis, Candida pintolopesii, Torulopsis glabrata, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eighteen biotypes of C. albicans were encountered, the most frequently occurring biotypes being 355 and 177. Differences between C. albicans biotypes isolated from pathologic and normal mucosa were encountered in five of eleven leukoplakia patients and in one of three lichen planus patients. This indicates that the oral cavity comprises several ecologic niches for yeasts. As nonhomogeneous leukoplakias are more likely to develop into carcinoma than are homogeneous leukoplakias, it is interesting to note that the C. albicans biotypes isolated from nodular lesions (one type of nonhomogeneous leukoplakia)--biotypes 145, 175, and 575--rarely occur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

AIDS and the oral cavity. Epidemiology and clinical oral manifestations of human immune deficiency virus infection: a review.

Since the first patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were seen in 1981, the disease has been recognized as an epidemic, now considered a major health threat. This article reviews, on the basis of the literature and personal observations of 120 human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected patients, some aspects of the HIV (HTLV III/LAV) infection with emphasis on epidemiology and clinical aspects. The clinical oral manifestations include 5 groups of lesions: fungal infections, bacterial infections, viral infections, neoplasms and lesions of unknown etiology. In total, these 5 groups comprise 34 different lesions of the oral cavity.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Surgical treatment of premalignant lesions of the oral mucosa.

Oral premalignant lesions were treated by surgical excision in 61 patients. Criteria for inclusion in the study were epithelial dysplasia varying from slight to carcinoma in situ, or a non-dysplastic lesion located sublingually or on the tongue. The clinical diagnosis of the treated lesions were: erythroplakia 10, erythroleukoplakia 15, nodular leukoplakia 9, verrucous leukoplakia 9, homogeneous leukoplakia 13, and lichen planus 5. The surgically created defects were closed by direct approximation of the wound edges in 25 patients, transposition by a local mucosal flap in 9, covered with a free mucosal graft in 3, and by a free split skin transplant in 24 patients. The patients have been followed for an average period of 3.9 years after the operation. A recurrence rate of 20% was found, and 3 carcinomas developed in the follow-up period. The importance of using a surgical technique permitting histological examination of the entire lesion was documented by the finding of 4 superficial carcinomas in the excision specimen, undiagnosed in the preoperative biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Regional variations in oral submucous fibrosis in India.

Regional variations in the characteristics of submucous fibrosis were studied in two districts in India. In Pune district this condition involved soft palate, uvula and retromolar areas significantly more often than in Ernakulam district. The tongue, floor of the mouth and the hard palate were not involved in Pune. The age of the patients in Pune district was lower than in Ernakulam district. Associated oral cancer, leukoplakia and petechiae were observed solely among patients in Ernakulam. The most important etiologic factor for submucous fibrosis is the chewing of areca nut, and in both areas studied all patients chewed areca nut. In Pune, cured areca nut without other ingredients was chewed by 66% and in Ernakulam, raw areca nut was chewed as an ingredient of pan with tobacco by 100%. Thus in Ernakulam, the juice and the quid were mostly spat out, whereas in Pune they were swallowed. The regional variations in the characteristics of submucous fibrosis could be related to the differences in the areca nut chewing habit between the two areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Intervention study for primary prevention of oral cancer among 36 000 Indian tobacco users.

In a house-to-house survey, 36 471 tobacco chewers and smokers were selected from the rural population in three areas of India. These individuals were interviewed for their tobacco habits and examined for the presence of oral leukoplakia and other precancerous lesions, first in a baseline survey, and then annually over a 5-year period. By personal advice and via the mass media they were encouraged to give up their tobacco habits. The follow-up rate was 97%. The control cohort was provided by the first 5-year results from a 10-year follow-up study conducted earlier in the same areas with the same methodology but on different individuals without any educational intervention. In Ernakulam district (Kerala) and Srikakulam district (Andhra) substantially more people stopped their tobacco habit and reduced the frequency of tobacco use in the intervention cohort than in the control cohort; in Bhavnagar district (Gujarat) the intervention group showed only a slightly higher proportion stopping their tobacco habits and no difference in the proportion reducing them. The 5-year age-adjusted incidence rate of leukoplakia in Ernakulam district was 11.4 in the intervention group versus 47.8 among men, and 5.8 versus 33.0 among women; and for palatal lesions in Srikakulam district the corresponding figures were 59.8 versus 260.8 among men and 289.5 versus 489.5 among women. In Bhavnagar the incidence rate of leukoplakia did not differ between the cohorts. Since most oral cancers are preceded by precancerous lesions, education on tobacco habits should be a feasible and effective approach to primary prevention of oral cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Malignant potential of oral lichen planus: observations in 722 patients from India.

The malignant potential of oral lichen planus was assessed on the basis of observations in 722 patients found among 27,599 individuals examined in various epidemiologic studies in Kerala, Ernakulam district, India. Seven hundred and two patients with oral lichen planus were re-examined annually over a 10-year period with a mean observation period of 5.1 years. Most of the lesions (93%) were observed among tobacco users. Carcinoma developed in 3 (0.4%) patients with oral lichen planus. Clinically, all 3 had atrophic components in their lesions, and all were tobacco users. The relative risk of a lichen planus developing oral cancer compared to a tobacco user was estimated as 3.3. However, this relative risk was not significant. Histologically, 74% of the 94 biopsies from oral lichen planus showed epithelial atrophy. Two of the 3 in whom cancer developed also showed epithelial atrophy. It is felt that epithelial atrophy probably renders the mucosa more vulnerable to the carcinogenic action of tobacco. Although this study could not confirm the precancerous nature of this disease with a high degree of certainty, the disease did not appear to be innocuous either.

Adolescent↗