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Biomedical subjects

J J Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to J J Murphy.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Controvesial aspects of blunt renal trauma.

Eighty-five cases of blunt renal trauma evaluated radiographically at our institution were reviewed. Thirty-eight patients had normal urograms; 47 demonstrated one or more of the following urographic findings: poor visualization, extravasation, intrarenal hematoma, perirenal hematoma, and kidney rupture. Nineteen arteriograms and twelve renal explorations were performed. Three explorations were negative; two were followed by repair of a laceration, three by nephrectomy, and four by heminephrectomy. A review of the factors of influencing the choice of surgical treatment and of the results obtained in patients who did not undergo surgery supports the recommendation of conservative management for stable patient. In the absence of clinical deterioration, neither the presence of extravasation nor the demonstration of renal fracture is an adequate indication for surgery. Angiography is useful to further document and classify renal injuries but is unnecessary for the conservative management of the stable patient. When surgery is contemplated, angiography is useful for surgical planning and for the exclusion of injury to adjacent structures, but it should not supplant clinical judgment in determining whether surgery is necessary.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Exocrine pancreatic response to the venom of the scorpion, Tityus trinitatis.

This paper records for the first time the exocrine pancreatic response to scorpion venom, in this case that of Tityus trinitatis, a scorpion endemic in Trinidad. The crude venom injected intravenously into fasting anaesthetised dogs induced a secretion of the exocrine pancreas. The secretion evoked was rich in enzymes.

Amylases↗
PubMed1976

Experimental studies on the aetiology of acute scorpion pancreatitis.

This study examined the action of the venom of the scorpion Tityus trintatis on the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract in anaesthetized dogs, on the isolated extracorporeal haemoperfused canine pancreas and on the isolated canine sphincter of Oddi. The venom induces exocrine secretion in both the isolated and intact pancreas and causes contraction of the isolated sphincter of Oddi. These results are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of acute scorpion pancreatitis and possibly of some other forms of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Evidence for a humoral factor in unilaterally nephrectomized dogs stimulating renal growth in isolated canine kidneys.

Totally isolated canine kidneys were perfused at 37 degrees C. for 240 minutes with whole blood from dogs that had undergone a sham operation or a unilateral nephrectomy 24 hours previously. Renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, serum sodium, and serum osmolality were not significantly different in the experimental and control preparations. Nucleic acid synthesis as measured by 3H-adenine incorporation was 75 percent higher (p less than 0.01) in the kidneys perfused with blood from the neprectomized dogs. This result supports the theory that a blood-borne factor stimulates nucleic acid synthesis and initiates compensatory renal growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Bladder defense mechanism.

In order for micro-organisms to infect the urinary tract they must adhere to the vesical mucosa so that they remain after voiding. Experiments in our laboratory demonstrated that the bladder has a self-protective mechanism capable of preventing bacterial adherence to the surface. Histochemical staining demonstrated that this substance is a mucopolysaccharide. Treatment of the mucosa with acid disrupted the protective layer and resulted in a 20 to 100-fold increase in bacterial adherence. Within 24 hours this layer reappeared and binding was again reduced to normal. This phenomenon was not related to microbial species or metabolic activity.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1975

Transplantation of islets of Langerhans in diabetic rhesus monkeys.

Islets of Langerhans from unrelated donor rhesus monkeys were transplanted into the portal vein of five rhesus monkeys which had been made diabetic by partial pancreatectomy and Streptozotocin. There was definite improvement of the diabetic state with an increase in the mean KT1/2 from 0.71 to 1.52 percent per minute. The islets were isolated by a more efficient digestion-filtration process than previously had been described. This process has allowed, for the first time, successful isolation of large masses of islets permitting islet transplants in subhuman primates.

Animals↗