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J Ishikawa

Publications and source records attributed to J Ishikawa.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Common regions of deletion on chromosomes 5q, 6q, and 10q in renal cell carcinoma.

Relatively frequent losses of heterozygosity on chromosomes 5q, 6q, and 10q, in addition to loss of heterozygosity on the short arm of chromosome 3, have been observed in renal cell carcinomas. As the first step toward isolation of tumor suppressor genes on these three chromosomal arms, we used six restriction fragment length polymorphism markers for 5q, nine for 6q, and eight for 10q to identify regions commonly deleted in a panel of 64 renal cell carcinomas. Allelic losses were common at chromosome 5q21, the region where the MCC (mutated in colorectal cancer) gene was recently identified; at chromosome 6q27; and at chromosome 10q21-23. Furthermore, as association was observed between accumulation of allelic losses on these three chromosomal arms and progression of tumors. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 5 showed a correlation with the histopathological grade of a given tumor and the incidence of distant metastasis.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1991

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene in human bladder and renal cell carcinomas.

The retinoblastoma (RB) gene was the first tumor suppressor gene isolated and its inactivation is associated with the pathogenesis of several types of human cancer. In this study, we investigated the involvement of the RB gene in bladder and renal cell carcinomas by determining the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the RB locus and by DNA, RNA, and protein analysis of the RB gene. Whenever possible, the latter included Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining of the RB protein. In bladder carcinoma, 2 of the 8 cell lines we studied had an inactivated RB gene; one cell line lacked RB expression without a gross RB deletion, whereas the other cell line expressed only the underphosphorylated form of the RB protein. None of 16 low-grade noninvasive bladder carcinomas showed an alteration in RB protein by direct Western blot analysis, whereas 2 of 14 high-grade, invasive tumors had no RB protein as measured by both Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. This suggests that the loss of RB function may be more important in the progression of bladder cancer than in its initiation, although more extensive studies are required. LOH within the RB locus was observed in 5 of 27 informative cases of primary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis carcinoma. However, none of the 5 cases with LOH at the RB locus had a functional loss of RB protein expression. In renal cell carcinoma, one of the 12 cell lines had a gross homozygous deletion of the RB gene, and 2 of 32 primary tumors were negative for RB protein expression. LOH at the RB locus also was found in only 2 of 30 informative cases, one of which lacked RB expression. These results are the first to demonstrate the involvement of RB inactivation in the development of advanced primary bladder carcinoma and suggest that RB loss could have a role in certain renal cell carcinomas. Our data, however, show no correlation between LOH at the RB locus in bladder cancer and actual inactivation of the RB gene at the protein level. This may suggest that there is a second tumor suppressor or recessive cancer gene on chromosome 13 in bladder cancer and/or that the mechanism of RB inactivation in bladder cancer frequently involves independent mutations of each RB allele.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

A detailed deletion mapping of the short arm of chromosome 3 in sporadic renal cell carcinoma.

A detailed analysis of loss of heterozygosity in 40 sporadic renal cell carcinomas was performed by using 30 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers which were mapped on the short arm of chromosome 3. A total of 30 of 38 informative cases (79%) showed loss of heterozygosity at one or more loci. Two commonly deleted regions have been identified at 3p13-14.3 and 3p21.3. One of them (at 3p13-14.3) spans the breakpoint of the (3;8) translocation in hereditary renal cell carcinoma previously reported (A. J. Cohen et al., N. Engl. J. Med., 301:592-595, 1979). The second common region of deletion at chromosome 3p21.3 encompasses D3F15S2, at which a high incidence of loss of heterzygosity in renal cell carcinoma has been reported. In addition to the gene at 3p25 being responsible for the hereditary type of renal cell carcinoma in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease, our results suggest that at least two tumor suppressor genes for sporadic renal cell carcinoma exist on the short arm of chromosome 3.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

Allelotype of renal cell carcinoma.

Several recent studies based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis have supported the concept that the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations converts a normal cell to a malignant cell. Activation of oncogenes and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes have been observed during tumor progression in colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and breast cancer. To investigate the possibility that multiple genes are altered during the progression of renal cell carcinoma, we have used restriction fragment length polymorphism markers throughout the genome to test for loss of heterozygosity in 38 renal cell carcinomas. Nearly 64% of the tumors had lost heterozygosity on the short arm of chromosome 3. We also observed loss of heterozygosity averaging about 30% at informative loci on six other chromosomal arms (chromosomes 5q, 6q, 10q, 11q, 17p, and 19p). These results lead us to suspect the existence of several tumor suppressor genes associated with carcinogenesis of renal cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

Detection of loss of heterozygosity in the p53 gene in renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer using the polymerase chain reaction.

The human p53 gene, a putative tumor suppressor gene, has a polymorphism in amino acid residue 72. We recently developed a method of detecting codon 72 polymorphism in this gene by digestion of polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA using an allele-specific restriction endonuclease. This polymorphism allows the identification of loss of heterozygosity for the coding region of the p53 gene in limited tissue samples in a short time without using radioactive materials. We examined 33 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 29 with bladder cancer; heterozygosity in the p53 gene was lost in 60% (6 of 10 cases) and 73% (8 of 11 cases) of the renal and bladder tumors, respectively. Additionally, the assay's sensitivity could be improved by using DNA extracted from frozen sections of the tumors. Because the proportions of tumor cells and nontumor cells could be assessed by microscopic evaluation of the frozen sections, we were able to minimize contamination from nontumor cells, which occasionally causes false readings of retained heterozygosity. This simple and sensitive method for detecting loss of heterozygosity in the p53 gene makes it possible to rapidly screen a large number of tissue samples and has the potential to be a useful diagnostic tool for a wide variety of human neoplasms.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

Hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplantation: importance of a thin sectioning technique on urinary sediments for diagnosis.

We used a thin-sectioning technique for the electron microscopic detection of viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments in three recipients who developed hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Results of viral cultures of urine and electron microscopic (EM) observations on urinary sediments were consistent in only one recipient. In this recipient, EM observations revealed many viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments with diameter of about 80 nm corresponding to adenovirus, of which type 11 was produced in viral cultures. In one of the other two recipients many viral particles with a mean diameter of 41.6 nm corresponding to papovavirus were observed, but viral cultures using conventional cells were negative. Re-cultures using HEK cells produced polyomavirus BK. EM observation was a clue to the correct diagnosis. In the remaining recipient, no viral particles were observed within the cells of urinary sediments, suggesting the hemorrhagic cystitis to be of non-viral origin, despite a positive result of viral culture. These results suggest that a thin-sectioning technique on the cells of urinary sediments is important for the differential diagnosis between a viral-induced and non-viral hemorrhagic cystitis.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1991

Clinical effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on neutrophils and leukemic cells in myelogenous leukemia: analysis.

Clinical experiences with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in 13 acute (AML) and four chronic (CML) myelogenous leukemia patients are reported. Sixteen patients received rhG-CSF in support of treatment for life threatening infections and one CML patient in support of induction chemotherapy. After their first induction chemotherapy, six out of eight AML patients showed a rapid increase of neutrophils, recovered from infections and achieved complete remission (CR). One patient, in whom both neutrophils and blasts had increased during rhG-CSF administration, achieved CR through the next administration of chemotherapy (CR rate 87.5%). The last of the eight AML patients showed no increase of neutrophils, and died of interstitial pneumonitis. Two of five AML patients who received rhG-CSF after reinduction chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory leukemia achieved CR, a rate of 40%. In one of the two, the administration of rhG-CSF prior to induction chemotherapy seemed advantageous in achieving CR. During rhG-CSF administration, an increase of blastic cells in peripheral blood was observed in four out of all 13 AML patients. One of three CML patients, with a lymphoid crisis, showed an increase only of neutrophils, and recovered from infection. The other two showed increases of both neutrophils and blasts. One patient with CML in blastic crisis, undergoing induction chemotherapy with rhG-CSF administration, returned to the chronic phase. These clinical experiences suggest rhG-CSF to be effective in supporting infection therapy and in possibly enhancing the sensitivity of myelogenous leukemic blasts to antileukemic agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the tongue: a case report.

We report a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastatic to the tongue in a 58-year-old female. The patient had undergone radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma 5 years previously, and experienced multiple metastatic disease in lung, bone, and contralateral kidney, before she noticed yellowish tumor on the left border of the tongue. Microscopic appearances of the biopsied lingual tumor were almost identical to those of the primary kidney tumor, thus the diagnosis of lingual metastasis from renal cell carcinoma was established. This case represents the tenth case of RCC metastatic to the tongue.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Amplification and overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in human renal-cell carcinoma.

We examined 22 cases of renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) for structural alterations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and found gene amplification in one case of high-stage-high-grade RCC. Dot blot analysis of the total RNA from tumorous and normal kidney tissues revealed overexpression of the EGFR gene in 12 of 20 (60%) cases of RCC. The highest expression was observed in the gene-amplified case. No correlation was observed between the level of EGFR mRNA and tumor stage or grade. Northern blot analysis revealed normal 10- and 5.6-kb EGFR mRNA bands in RCC. Our data indicate that gene amplification of the EGFR gene is one of the molecular mechanisms of its overexpression in a subset of RCCs.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1990

Coding region structure of interleukin-8 gene of human lung giant cell carcinoma LU65C cells that produce LUCT/interleukin-8: homogeneity in interleukin-8 genes.

A 1.9-kb fragment containing an interleukin-8 (IL-8) coding region was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the genomic DNA of human lung giant cell carcinoma LU65C cells that produce LUCT/IL-8 with N-terminal sequence of AVLPR. The coding region was found to consist of 4 exons and 3 introns as identical as that of the gene of MDNCF/IL-8 lacking N-terminal AVLPR. PCR using genomic DNAs from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells also provided the same 1.9-kb fragment as that from LU65C genomic DNA. Thus, it seems likely that human cells possess IL-8 genes with the homogeneous coding region so that they may first produce the same mature protein with N-terminal AVLPR (= LUCT) which was then truncated.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Benign polyp with prostatic-type epithelium of the urinary bladder: a case report.

We report a case of benign polyp with prostatic-type epithelium of the urinary bladder. A 58-year-old male presented with gross hematuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed a 2-mm polypoid lesion in the mid trigone. Immunohistochemical demonstration of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic specific antigen in the urothelial cells as well as the prostatic-type epithelial cells suggested the histogenesis of this polyp to be metaplasia of the urothelium.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

Solitary brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma 14 years after nephrectomy: a case report.

We report a case of solitary brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 14 years after nephrectomy. A 46-year-old female had sudden onset of headaches, aphasia, gait disturbance and right hemiparesis. A brain CT revealed a cystic tumor in the left parietal area, which was surgically removed completely. Microscopic appearances of the brain tumor were similar to those of the primary RCC. Positive immunoreaction for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and keratin confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic RCC. This is the second case of solitary brain metastasis from RCC occurring more than 10 years after nephrectomy.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Neurobehavior and mental development of newborn infants delivered under epidural analgesia with bupivacaine].

The neurobehavior of newborn infants delivered under epidural analgesia with bupivacaine was analyzed by Amiel-Tison's Neurological and Adaptive Capacity Score (NACS), while Tsumori-Image's questionnaire assessed the above infants' mental development. Seventy-two newborn infants under epidural analgesia (39 delivered spontaneously and 33 by vacuum extraction) and twenty-eight newborn infants without epidural analgesia as controls (15 delivered spontaneously and 13 by vacuum extraction) were under study. The following results were obtained 1) In the 24 hour period following childbirth, NACS tended to be low in relation to the total dosage of bupivacaine administered to the mother. 2) In the 24 hour period following childbirth and continuing until the 3rd day, NACS were relatively low regardless of the mode of delivery. 3) There was no significant difference between the neonatal physiological weight loss in newborn infants under epidural analgesia and those without epidural analgesia (controls). 4) Newborn infants under epidural analgesia displayed an average mental quotient at the first, third, and sixth month after childbirth. Although epidural analgesia with bupivacaine might lower the neurobehavior of newborn infants in the immediate postchildbirth period, the newborn infants should return to normal without any complications.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1990

Traumatic dislocation of the testis: a case report.

We report a case of a traumatic dislocation of the testis in a 17-year-old male. He noticed lack of right scrotal contents three months after a motorcycle accident. The right testis, located at the inguinal subcutaneous region, was surgically replaced into the scrotum. The biopsy specimen of the dislocated testis showed partial atrophy of the seminiferous tubules that resulted in impaired spermatogenesis. Our case represents the 57th case of traumatic dislocation of the testis reported in Japan.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical effect of norfloxacin in pediatric field].

We have investigated bioavailability, clinical efficacy, side effect and antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin (NFLX) to evaluate the efficacy and safety in the pediatric field. Results are summarized as follows 1. After oral administration of 100 mg, Tmax was 2 hours and T 1/2 were 4.2 and 2.6 hours in 2 cases. 2. In 10 cases of urinary tract infection (UTI) and 4 cases of intestinal tract infection (ITI), clinical efficacy rate was 100% (14/14). 3. In UTI, causative bacteria were all eradicated. In ITI, 1 case with Campylobacter jejuni remained unchanged. Overall eradication rate was 92.9% (13/14). 4. Antimicrobial activities to clinically isolated organisms such as Gram-negative rods or Staphylococcus aureus, MIC of NFLX was clearly superior to those of cefaclor, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, fosfomycin and erythromycin. 5. Side effect of dipsia was observed in 1 case and eosinophilia was found in 1 case. But these reactions were mild and we were able to continue the administration of the drug. The above results suggest that NFLX is a useful and safe drug for the therapy of UTI and ITI in the pediatric field.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

EGF stimulates anchorage-independent growth of a human bladder carcinoma cell line (KU1) with an amplified and over-expressed EGF receptor gene.

Southern blot analysis of 6 human bladder carcinoma cell lines revealed amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in the KU1 cell line. The amplification of the gene was about 4-fold as compared with that of human placental DNA. Several restriction endonuclease digestions revealed that there was no gross rearrangement of the EGFR gene in KU1. Northern blot analysis showed normal 10 and 5.6 kb of EGFR gene-related mRNA species. 125I-EGF binding revealed 2 distinct EGF binding sites on KU1 cells: high-affinity sites 5.7 X 10(5) receptors per cell with 1.1 nM Kd and low-affinity sites 2.3 X 10(6) receptors per cell with 7.4 nM Kd. The number of the EGFR was compatible with that of the A431 squamous carcinoma cell ine which has an amplified, rearranged and over-expressed EGFR gene. Solid-phase immuno-isolation analysis showed a single 170 kDa EGFR protein in KU1 as well as in A431. Unlike other cell lines with amplified and over-expressed EGFR gene, anchorage-dependent growth of KU1 was stimulated but not inhibited by EGF. Moreover, anchorage-independent growth of KU1 was stimulated by EGF.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Establishment and characterization of mouse leukemia cell lines L615K and L7212K derived from transplantable murine leukemias maintained in China.

Two culture cell lines L615K and L7212K were established from transplanted murine leukemias L615 and L7212, which had been established and maintained in China for years. Based on morphological, immunological and gene rearrangement analyses, L7212K cells are considered to be of T-cell origin while L615K cells might be immature T-cells. Immunofluorescence assays of viable leukemia cells and fluorescence focus assays of their culture supernate for infectious viruses suggested that recombinant mink cell focus-inducing viruses were significantly involved in both leukemic cell lines. Chromosome analysis of the L615K cells revealed a translocation t(12;17) which probably involved the c-fos locus on chromosome 12, since the DNA rearrangement of c-fos was demonstrated by Southern blot analysis with Hind III, and c-fos has been assigned to this chromosome. Although the expression of this gene was not detected by RNA Northern blot analysis, c-myc was slightly expressed in both L615K and L7212K cells.

Animals↗