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J Igari

Publications and source records attributed to J Igari.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[A nationwide study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Klebsiella sp. in Japan].

We have reported the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in 1983 and 1984 to 4 antibiotics, ampicillin (ABPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cefmetazole (CMZ) and gentamicin (GM), in the previous report. In this paper, we described the antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella sp. to the same antibiotics during the same period reported for E. coli before. Numbers of isolates tested were 1,671 strains in 1983 and 1,374 strains in 1984. We determined MICs of the 4 antibiotics against isolates by the standard method of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. The most effective agent was GM among the 4 antibiotics. CMZ had a similar antimicrobial activity to GM. Resistance rates were low for both agents. CEZ had a fairly good antimicrobial activity, but it was less active than GM and CMZ. ABPC was not effective. There was neither significant annual change of antimicrobial activity of each agent against isolates nor an increasing tendency of resistant strains in the last 5 years. Depending on isolates from clinical materials, differences in the susceptibility were noted and there was a high ratio of resistant organisms among isolates from urine.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1986

[A nationwide study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Japan].

We studied the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli isolated in 1983 and 1984 and also the yearly changes of the susceptibility of E. coli from 1980 to 1984 isolated in 103 hospitals in Japan. Antibiotics used for MIC determination were ampicillin (ABPC) as a penicillin, cefazolin (CEZ) as a cephalosporin, cefmetazole (CMZ) as a cephamycin and gentamicin (GM) as an aminoglycoside. Numbers of isolates tested were 2,321 strains in 1983 and 1,965 strains in 1984. CMZ was the most effective agent among the 4 antibiotics tested, followed by GM and CEZ in this order. A large number of the isolates were inhibited by 1.56 micrograms/ml on CMZ and GM and by 6.25 micrograms/ml of CEZ. About two-thirds of the isolates were inhibited at a concentration of 12.5 micrograms/ml or less of ABPC. The susceptibility of E. coli against the 4 antibiotics changed little year by year and the tendency of the appearance of resistant strains did not increase in the last 5 years.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1986

In vitro susceptibility of Pseudomonas maltophilia to antimicrobial agents.

Reports on the isolation and pathogenicity of some species of Gram-negative and glucose-nonfermentative bacilli have appeared in the literature since 1962. The infections caused by those organisms have become important problems as an opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients. Pseudomonas maltophilia is a glucose-nonfermentative aerobic Gram-negative rod widely dispersed in nature. The role of Pseudomonas maltophilia as an opportunistic pathogen is not thoroughly established, but a few papers on clinical infections associated with P. maltophilia have been published. P. maltophilia is considerably less susceptible to certain of the most commonly-used antibiotics. We have reviewed the susceptibilities of P. maltophilia to antimicrobial agents currently available and yearly changes of the strains in resistance to the antibiotics that have been extensively used.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1983). III. Secular changes in susceptibility].

The in vitro antimicrobial activities of antibiotics against causative pathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) in the 8 institutions in Japan during the period from 1980 to 1983 were compared. A number of new beta-lactam antibiotics with broad spectrum of activity have become available for clinical use in recent years. Some of them, in particular so-called third generation cephems, are reported to be responsible for developing microbial-cross resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics. We have been making survey in recent years to explore changes in susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents of clinical isolates. All bacterial isolates from clinical specimens were submitted to the Department of Clinical Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, where they were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with MIC 2000 apparatus. Of all pathogens from patients with simple UTI, the majority of the isolates was E. coli and Klebsiella spp. In cases of complicated UTI, on the other hand, Pseudomonas spp. were most frequent, followed in order by Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp. and E. coli. Conspicuous changes in antimicrobial activity of antibiotics against E. coli and Klebsiella spp. from simple UTI have not been found in our survey. Against strains of Citrobacter spp., even the third generation cephems proved to be not remarkably active and there was a significant decrease in susceptibility of isolates to the drugs test-showed MIC values of 50 micrograms/ml and the proportion increased to 50% (22/44) with isolates obtained in 1982. The antimicrobial activity of cefsulodin and gentamicin against P. aeruginosa was decreased in 1982 compared with that in 1980 and 1981. However, resistant strains were slightly more frequent with gentamicin. In 1983, the antimicrobial activity of third generation cephems against Serratia spp. was significantly reduced from that in 1982.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1983). I. Susceptibility distribution].

During 1979-1983 in vitro activities of antimicrobial agents against causative bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) were investigated by Microbiological Research Group of UTI including the 8 institutions in Japan. Of all strains (219) isolated from patients with simple UTI, 65.3% were E. coli, and 9.6% Klebsiella spp.; these species accounted for about 75% of all isolates in 1983. MPC and CCL among the oral antimicrobial agents have showed potent activities against E. coli, MPC at 1.56 micrograms/ml and CCL at 3.13 micrograms/ml inhibited 80% of E. coli from simple and complicated UTI. CTM, CTX, CZX, CMX and LMOX among the parenteral antimicrobial agents, at concentrations of 0.20 micrograms/ml or less inhibited 90% of E. coli isolated from simple and complicated UTI. The frequency of isolates from patients with complicated UTI, without catheter, was as follows; E. coli 27.6%, P. aeruginosa 20.1%, Streptococcus spp. 12.6%, Serratia spp. 8.8% and Klebsiella spp. 8.0%. The frequency of isolates from patients with complicated UTI, indwelling catheter, was as follows; P. aeruginosa 22.6%, Streptococcus spp. 18.0%, Serratia spp. 15.0%, Proteus spp. 12.4%, and Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. are 6.0%, respectively, in 1983. The antibacterial activity (MIC80) against E. coli, Klebsiella spp., P. mirabilis, Citrobacter spp. and Serratia marcescens from simple and complicated UTI was compared, for example, among third generation cephem antibiotics. Four drugs such as CMX, CZX, CTX and LMOX showed virtually comparable activities while CPZ was slightly less active against the strains tested. There have been many studies reported concerning the antibacterial activity of various drugs against clinical isolates from patients with infections, but it seems that, to our knowledge, no article has dealt with yearly surveys on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from defined clinical specimens with the same period of each year at the same series of institutions.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1983). II. Background of patients].

We have been collected the causative isolates from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) from the 8 institutions in Japan during 1980-1983. All strains isolated from UTI and recognized as etiologically responsible in each institution were sent to Bacteriology Laboratory of Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo and the species of these strains were reidentified. We classified the UTI into 3 categories, simple, complicated without catheter and complicated with catheter. Of all strains isolated as etiologically responsible from cases of simple UTI, 65.3% were E. coli and 9.6%, Klebsiella spp. in 1983: these species accounted for about 75% of all isolates. Most frequently isolated from patients without catheter were E. coli 27.6% in 1983, followed in order by Pseudomonas spp. (20.9%), Gram-positive bacteria (16.7%), Serratia spp. (8.8%), Klebsiella spp. (8.0%) and Proteus spp. (7.1%). In complicated UTI with catheter, Pseudomonas spp. were most frequently isolated (25.6%), followed in order by Gram-positive bacteria (22.9%), Serratia spp. (15.0%), Proteus spp. (12.4%), Enterobacter spp. (6.0%) and Klebsiella spp. (6.0%). A remarkable difference, that is, Gram-positive bacteria, especially S. aureus, showed conspicuous increase of isolation between 1982 and 1983. Furthermore, we discussed the detailed analysis of patient background to clinical bacterial isolates from UTI in respect of patient distribution by sex, types of infections, distributions by age in male and female, interrelations between the species of bacterial isolates and types of infection and antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Antistreptococcal esterase distribution in healthy individuals.

The distribution of serum antistreptococcal esterase titers in healthy school children, aged 10 to 12, and in healthy adults was determined by the method used by Hayano and Tanaka. The upper limit of its normal titer value was 600 ASE units in the children and 500 ASE units in the adults, and its diagnostic levels were over 600 ASE units in children and over 500 ASE units in adults. There was no close correlation between ASE and ASO or ADN-B.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1982)].

Two hundred seventy-six bacterial strains were isolated as possible causative pathogens mainly from sputum in 248 patients with lower respiratory tract infections at 12 medical institutions in various parts of Japan during the period from September 1982 to March 1983. Of these, 272 isolates including 28 Staphylococcus aureus strains, 38 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 107 Haemophilus influenzae strains, 68 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 17 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 9 Escherichia coli strains and 5 strains of other species were tested in vitro for MICs of various antibiotics, and their drug sensitivity distributions determined. Data were also analyzed for distribution of cases by clinical entities, age and sex, interrelations between the types of infections and the species and frequency of isolation of organisms, and relations of the antimicrobial regimens at collection of clinical specimens to the species and frequency of isolation of the organisms. It engenders great interest that there was a significant increase in frequency of S. aureus isolation within 7 days after antibiotic therapy, compared to pretreatment isolation frequency, in the 1982 series. This seems to deserve further investigation in detail. The H. influenzae strains isolated with the highest frequency in 1981 and those in 1982 were examined as to susceptibility to several representative antibiotics, with interdrug comparisons: ABPC vs. SBPC, CTM vs. CMZ, and CMX vs. LMOX. The isolates demonstrated high degrees of susceptibility to these drugs and there was no conspicuous change in bacterial sensitivity to the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Serratia marcescens isolated from clinical materials.

This study was undertaken to determine the source, serological characteristics and susceptibility to the chemotherapeutic agents on recently isolated strains of Serratia marcescens. Of the 351 isolates, the most frequent source was the respiratory tract and the second urinary tract. The most common serotype was type 14 and the second 4. Among the types of S. marcescens, type 14 and 4 were most frequently associated with respiratory infections. The strains from infected urine had common types 14, 4 and 14.12. By the disk sensitivity testing, the strains from urine had a tendency of multiple resistance and the strains type 14.12 also had the same tendency. In vitro tests for susceptibility to 16 chemotherapeutic agents were performed. Norfloxacin and ofloxacin were most active drugs and inhibited about 70% of the strains at a concentration of 0.39 microgram and 0.78 microgram or less per ml, respectively. The new cephalosporins (cefmenoxime, ceftizoxime and latamoxef) and aztreonam inhibited from 76 to 86% of the strains at 6.25 micrograms or less per ml. This was comparable to the percentage inhibited by some aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and sisomicin) ranging from 60 to 80%. Minocycline and nalidixic acid were moderate in activity. Chloramphenicol was less active.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1982). I. Susceptibility distribution].

In vitro activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections were investigated by dilution method using MIC 2000 (Dynatec) during July to October in 1982. The summarized results are as follows: PMPC and CCL have showed potent activities against E coli among the oral antimicrobial agents. PMPC and CCL at 3.13 micrograms/ml inhibited 90% of E. coli tested. CTM, CTX, CZX, CMX and LMOX at concentrations of 0.39 microgram/ml or less among the parenteral antimicrobial agents inhibited 90% of E. coli tested. The value of MIC90 (concentration at which 90% of isolates are inhibited) against K. pneumoniae results in the resistant range for ABPC, NA, CEX, CCL and ST. Among the parenteral cephems, CMX seemed most effective against K. pneumoniae tested. C. freundii seemed generally low susceptible to antimicrobial agents tested. Among the oral agents, PMPC, PPA and ST have showed moderate activity against C. freundii. Among the parenteral agents, CMX and LMOX also showed moderate activity against C. freundii, inhibiting 50% of the strains tested at 6.25 micrograms/ml. Among the oral agents, PMPC showed the most potent activity against E. cloacae. E. cloacae tested were highly resistant to the first and second generation cephems. Among the third generation, CMX seemed the most potent activity against E. cloacae isolated. However, CMX concentration of 1.56 micrograms/ml was necessary to inhibit 50% of tested E. cloacae. P. mirabilis tested was resistant to all oral antimicrobial agents except CCL and ST. The value of MIC90 of the first and second generation cephems against P. mirabilis results in the moderately susceptible range (6.25-25 micrograms/ml). The third generation seemed most effective against P. mirabilis tested. PMPC, NA, PPA and ST concentrations of 0.78-1.56 micrograms/ml were necessary to inhibit 50% of tested P. vulgaris. CEZ and CTM, seemed less potent activity than CFX and CMZ against P. vulgaris. CTX, CZX, CMX and LMOX except CPZ have showed potent activities against P. vulgaris, these at 0.1 micrograms/ml or less inhibited 50% of P. vulgaris tested. P. aeruginosa has been resistant to the third generation cephems except CPZ, but TOB, GM, AMK, CFS, PIPC and CPZ have showed high activities against P. aeruginosa, inhibiting 50% of the strains tested at 0.39-6.25 micrograms/ml. The oral antimicrobial agents, and first and second generation cephems had not showed significant activity against S. marcescens. And strains of S. marcescens were relatively susceptible to the third generation cephems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1982). III. Secular changes in susceptibility].

In vitro susceptibilities have been investigated against several species isolated from patients with simple and complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) during 1980-1982. Antimicrobial activities of the third generation cephems against E. coli isolated from patients with complicated UTI were found to decrease slightly in 1982. And those against Klebsiella spp. isolated from patients with simple and complicated UTI were also found to decrease similarly. Against P. mirabilis, all the drugs tested have showed relatively potent activities and slight changes in the susceptibility. The marked decrease of susceptibility against Citrobacter spp. isolated from UTI have been found even in the third generation cephems. Especially, Citrobacter spp. exhibited a greater degree of resistant to CZX and CPZ. Strains of P. aeruginosa were on the whole susceptible to the drugs tested, CFS, GM, TOB and AMK, inhibiting 50-80% of the strains tested at 1.56 micrograms/ml. CTX, CZX and CMX seemed most effective against S. marcescens among the third generation cephems, inhibiting 50-90% of the strains tested at 3.13 micrograms/ml.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1982). II. Background of patients].

The frequency of the causative strains in urinary tract infections was investigated from the point of view of the patient's background such as age, sex administration of antibiotics and so on. Especially, the frequency of the causative strains isolated from patients within 3 days after the administration of antibiotics has markedly decreased. However, the frequency of the resistant strains such as P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp. and Serratia spp. has increased after 8 days' administration of antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Antideoxyribonuclease B distribution in healthy individuals.

The distribution of ADN-B titers in healthy school children and in healthy adults were determined by the method of the Streptonase B. The upper limit of its normal titer value was 480 in children aged 9 and 10 and 240 in adults, and its diagnostic levels were 480 in children and 320 in adults. There were no close correlations between ADN-B and ASO or ASK.

Adult↗