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Biomedical subjects

J Henderson

Publications and source records attributed to J Henderson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Exorcism and possession in psychotherapy practice.

There has been an evolution in the layman's concept of mental disorder. Medieval belief in possession by demons and witches gave way to a 19th century medical model and more recently classical psychoanalytic formulations. Concurrently professional helping endeavor has moved increasingly from a more traditionally medical to psychotherapeutic process, and from a classical psychotherapeutic process wherein the therapist remained to a degree unresponsive and detached to a more modern emphasis on such qualities as empathy, sensitivity, reliability, and optimism as ingredients of successful psychotherapeutic practice. Freud's account of Haizmann's demonological neurosis usefully formulates the possession concept in psychological terms. However, recent developments in psychotherapeutic practice argue for a validity in the possession model of psychological distress. The possessing forces of object relations psychology are of course not the possessing demons and witches of medieval times but the possessing good and bad objects of early intrapsychic life set up through processes of introjection and incorporation in response to frustration in the early infant-mother relationship. Points of similarity in this comparison should not obscure features of contrast--ther is no place for histrionic manipulation nor for a moralistic attitude in the practice of psychotherapy. A case is described to illustrate these points.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Graves' ophthalmopathy usually occurs in association with hyperthyroidism. Its occasional occurrence in the absence of thyroid disease suggests, however, that it may be a separate autoimmune disorder. While the evidence supporting an autoimmune pathogenesis is considerable for the ophthalmopathy, it is not so impressive as that for Graves' hyperthyroidism: orbital antibodies have not been convincingly demonstrated and autoantigens have not been identified. On the other hand, in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy the orbital tissues and eye muscle membranes are infiltrated with lymphoid cells and show evidence of cell-mediated immune reactions. Although there is some evidence that binding of thyroid stimulating hormone fragments and thyroglobulin-antithyroglobulin immune complexes to eye muscle membranes may be important in the pathogenesis of the ophthalmopathy, this needs to be confirmed. The mechanism for the association of hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy is unknown, but the association likely reflects an influence of thyroid hormones on the immune system. In view of the autoimmune pathogenesis the logical treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy appears to be immunosuppression.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1981

Failure of haemagglutination and immunofluorescence methods to detect serum orbital antibodies in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Serum antibodies against human, bovine, and guinea-pig, orbital antigens were tested for in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy using haemagglutination and immunofluorescence techniques. Although low titres of antibodies were demonstrated in a small proportion of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, the prevalence was similar to that for normal subjects using both tests. The significance of these findings and the evidence for a role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ambulatory surgery in an HMO. A study of costs, quality of care and satisfaction.

This study is a retrospective examination of data from a prepaid group practice that introduced a change in surgical services so that about 35 per cent of patients having surgery in the operating room were not admitted to the hospital. The study population is the membership of the Oregon Region of the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan for the period 1966 through 1974. The data come from 100 per cent of the hospital admissions and 100 per cent of the ambulatory (nonadmit) surgical procedures. This study examines the costs, quality of care, and satisfaction of providers and patients with ambulatory surgery. Cost savings for the ambulatory procedures averaged +192.19 per procedure (based on 1977 costs). National savings for 1977 were projected at +773,947,208. In addition, ambulatory surgery absorbed an increasing demand for surgical procedures without requiring additional hospital beds. No difference in quality of care were found for inpatients and ambulatory patients (both used the same operating rooms and staff), and both providers and patients were found to be very satisfied with ambulatory surgery services.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1980

On fathering (the nature and functions of the father role). Part II: Conceptualization of fathering.

The scientific study of fathering has been somewhat neglected, perhaps because the father role is hardly constant even within a particular culture and is subject to very great fluctuations indeed from culture to culture. In that respect the study of fathering is much more difficult than the study of mothering. Work often subsumed under the heading of "attachment theory" has shown that the mother-infant and mother-child relationships have some cross-cultural constancy and may even be described as a bio-social "given". Four methods of data collection are described and reviewed: studies of adults partially or fully deprived of adequate fathering during their childhoods; direct studies of father-infant and father-child interaction; "in-depth" psychoanalytic studies of individual psychopathology in relation to that individual's relationship to a father; and introspection and personal observation. Each of these four avenues of data collection offers certain advantages as well as certain disadvantages which are reviewed with examples from available literature. In studying the importance of the father role there is a tendency to study the importance of fathering to children, ignoring that fathering is clearly important to the psychological development and further growth of the father. That there is a psychopathology of the process of fatherhood seems obvious on reflection, and data bearing on that psychopathology are reviewed. The importance of fathering to infants and children can be reviewed according to the three areas of psychic activity: primary creativity, the basic fault, and the Oedipus conflict. In the area of primary creativity we can study the importance of fathering to infants in terms of fantasied fathers and part-time fathers, and the prenatal role of father as mother facilitator. In the area of the basic fault (two-person psychology) we can study the postnatal role of father as mother facilitator, the role of father as mother-surrogate, the pre-oedipal role of father in the determination of gender identity, the role of father in "healing by second intent", and the importance of father in separation-individuation. In the area of the Oedipus conflict (three-person psychology) we can study the role of father in the infant's resolution of the oedipus complex and the development of superego, the importance of father as a role model for post-oedipal identification, the relation of father-absence to anti-social behaviour, the role of father in fostering cognitive and general development and growth, and the role of father in the further formation of adult personality. This two-part concludes with a review of the importance of improved understanding of the father role in clinical work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hospital maintenance.

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Hospital Design and Construction↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of the technical quality of electrocardiograms.

The technical quality of 600 electrocardiograms (ECG's) was assessed for missing leads and clipping, and graded from 1 to 5 for each of noise, lead drift and beat-to-beat drift. Three subgroups of 200 ECGs each were studied: group A, those obtained by emergency department staff (non-technicians); group B, records obtained by ECG technicians; and group C, telephone-transmitted records obtained by technicians performing all the laboratory work at a smaller, outlying hospital. Records with missing leads, clipping, grade 4 or 5 noise, grade 5 lead drift or grade 5 beat-to-beat drift were classified as unsatisfactory or rejected. With these stringent criteria the rejection rate was 71.0% for group A records, 58.5% for group B and 44.5% for group C. The proportions of records with peak quality (no missing leads or clipping, and grade 1 noise, lead drift or beat-to-beat drift) were 4.5% for group A, 5.5% for group B and 23.0% for group C. Suggested revisions in the grading of technical quality of ECGs are presented.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of the effects of altered thyroid and parathyroid function on reproduction in the rat.

Mild maternal hypothyroidism produced by surgical thyroidectomy resulted in significantly reduced food intake along with retarded reproductive performance in rats. Hyperthyroidism increased food consumption above the control level along with an increase in fetal resorptions which was the only parameter of reproductive performance altered by the twenty-second day of gestation. In animals which underwent pregnancies, reproductive performance suffered a further decline in the second gestation due to increasing duration of the hypothyroidism. Food restriction alone failed to duplicate these adverse effects on fetal development. Serum gonadotropins (LH and FSH) were not significantly altered by mild maternal hypothyroidism of hypoparathyroidism. The hematocrit and total blood volume of hypothyroid but not hypoparathyroid rats was significantly reduced from normal. Maternal hypoparathyroidism alone did not affect fetal development grossly.

Animals↗