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Biomedical subjects

J Harris

Publications and source records attributed to J Harris.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Evidence for a discontinuous requirement for estrogen in stimulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in the immature rat uterus.

Estriol is rapidly lost from uterine target cell nuclei. Therefore, it has been used to study the relative time of exposure to estrogen that is necessary to elicit the late growth responses of increased DNA polymerase activity or increased rate of DNA synthesis observed after 17beta-estradiol treatment. Estriol administered during a second critical phase from 9-15 h after the initial injection elicits maximal DNA synthesis. Our results suggest that there is a discontinuous requirement for estrogen in the sequence of events which result in the uterine growth response to estrogenic hormones. If estriol is present during critical phases of this sequence of events, it is equipotent to estradiol in eliciting the full uterotropic response.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Fatal hyperthermia following haloperidol therapy of sedative-hypnotic withdrawal.

A 30 year old male, with a history of methalqualone and barbiturate abuse, developed a delirium tremens-like syndrome following discontinuation of the medications. Shortly following high doses of parenteral haloperidol administered for treatment of the withdrawal syndrome, the patient developed severe hyperthermia, with body temperatures reaching as high as 108 degrees F. The hyperthermic episode was followed by cardiovascular collapse, multiple complications, and death. The sequence of events strongly suggests that haloperidol therapy was casually related to the development of fatal hyperthermia. Thus the butyrophenone haloperidol, like the phenothiazine derivatives, can produce clinically important impairment of thermoregulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Legionnaires' disease: description of an epidemic of pneumonia.

An explosive, common-source outbreak of pneumonia caused by a previously unrecognized bacterium affected primarily persons attending an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in July, 1976. Twenty-nine of 182 cases were fatal. Spread of the bacterium appeared to be air borne. The source of the bacterium was not found, but epidemiologic analysis suggested that exposure may have occurred in the lobby of the headquarters hotel or in the area immediately surrounding the hotel. Person-to-person spread seemed not to have occurred. Many hotel employees appeared to be immune, suggesting that the agent may have been present in the vicinity, perhaps intermittently, for two or more years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Radiation therapy as initial treatment for early stage cancer of the breast without mastectomy.

This report describes 150 patients with clinical stage I and II carcinoma of the breast treated at four institutions--Yale University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School-Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Hahnemann Medical College, Jefferson Medical College--with radiotherapy only following excisional biopsy. Closely similar treatment policies were followed at all four centers, 4500-5000 rads minimum tumor dose being delivered to the entire breast and axillary, supraclavicular and internal mammary nodes. Forty-six of 49 stage I patients treated are alive without disease, the actuarial relapse-free survival being 91% at 5 years. Of the 101 stage II patients, 75 are alive without disease with a relapse-free actuarial survival of 60% at 5 years. Local failure has occurred in 10 patients (9 stage II and 1 stage I, 6.6%) 5 of whom are disease-free following mastectomy. The results obtained in this study are comparable to those of conventional surgery. It is our conclusion that mastectomy is not a necessary part of the treatment of small breast cancers, that radiation without mastectomy is an acceptable alternative with far superior cosmetic and functional results. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered particularly in stage II patients in view of their 40% relapse rate.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Hormone regulation of growth: stimulatory and inhibitory influences of estrogens on DNA synthesis.

Estrogenic hormones first stimulate and then inhibit DNA synthesis in the uterus of the immature rat. Both the stimulatory and the inhibitory effects depend on the sustained presence of estrogen. Thus, estriol, which is equal in effectiveness to estradiol on early (up to 6 hr) responses, has only a partial stimulatory effect on DNA synthesis. Estradiol initially stimulates DNA synthesis, but the sustained presence of this steroid inhibits further synthesis of this macromolecule and cell division. These observations are discussed in terms of their relationship to current models of estrogen action and to estrogen dependency in some types of cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Freezing technique for microtoming long specimens of small width and/or depth.

A technique is described for sectioning long but thin and/or narrow biological specimens using a freezing stage and sliding microtome. A water-saturated wood veneer platform is frozen to the stage and a saturated specimen is frozen to the veneer. The technique, which is inexpensive, permits cutting sections or viewing surfaces from specimens up to 8 cm long, while protecting the microtome knife from damage.

Freezing↗
PubMed1976

The effect of immunosuppressive chemotherapy on immune function in patients with malignant disease.

This paper reviews studies previously conducted on the effect of anticancer drugs on immune function in man. It provides new data reporting on the effect of short intensive courses of cytotoxic drug therapy on B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte number in cancer patients. Both types of lymphocyte were found in this investigation to be equally sensitive to cytotoxic drugs. The degree of absolute cell number reduction and rate of recovery were similar for T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes. Other workers have demonstrated, however, that with prolonged administration of cytotoxic drugs B-lymphocyte number and function are more adversely affected than are T-lymphocyte number and function. Immune function which had been suppressed by continuous programs of chemotherapy for periods of up to 2-3 years will, in certain groups of patients, recover to normal or almost normal levels of function. Short courses of combination drug chemotherapy may be followed by "rebound-overshoot" recovery of immune function. This has been associated with a more favorable clinical course than in situations where it does not occur. Chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy programs in clinical oncology ought ideally to be initially evaluated for the effect that they have on immune function. This will permit the development of drug dose and time schedules which allow for recovery of immune function and may possibly lead to augmented antitumor responses.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

Anaplastic neuronal tumors of brain.

A multicentric neuronal tumor of brain with unique morphologic features is described. It is compared with four other markedly anaplastic brain tumors containing neoplastic neurons. Demonstration of axon processes, which must be carefully distinguished from other similarly stained structures, is essential for the recognition of such tumors. Recent experience suggests that anaplastic neuronal tumors are more frequent than is generally realized. It is suggested that axon stains should be more widely employed in the investigation of atypical or highly pleomorphic gliomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Severe bullous emphysema. Successful surgical management despite poor preoperative blood gas levels and marked pulmonary hypertension.

Surgical removal of giant pulmonary bullae is usually considered inadvisable in patients with either hypoxemia or hypercapnia. A successful operation was performed on a patient with both hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Preoperative and postoperative physiologic data are presented. Those data which suggested a favorable outcome are compared with those which did not.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1976

Isolated metachronous renal artery emboli.

We have reported on a patient with isolated metachronous renal artery emboli. The second embolus was treated successfully surgically 12 hours after the onset of symptoms. A review of the literature shows that emboli to the renal arteries occur more frequently than realized and that late embolectomy often is successful. A clinical triad of flank pain, atrial fibrillation, and nonfunctioning of the involved kidney has been discussed.

Aged↗