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Biomedical subjects

J Halse

Publications and source records attributed to J Halse.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pituitary fuction during X-ray treatment of the hypothalamic-pituitary region as evaluated by the TRH test response.

The effect of conventional radiotherapy on the TRH response was studied in fourteen patients, all but one previously surgically treated for pituitary tumors. No change in the TSH response to TRH could be observed either during or after a four week treatment period, thus demonstrating relative resistance of the pituitary gland against irradiation in these patients. We also conclude that the diagnostic value of the TRH test remains unhampered during and in the immediate period after irradiation.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Iliac crest bone mass and remodelling in acromegaly.

Iliac crest bone biopsies from 18 patients with active acromegaly, of whom 11 had received tetracycline double-labelling, were evaluated by quantitative histomorphometry and compared with age- and sex-matched normal controls. A significant increase (P less than 0.01) was found in both cortical (175%) and trabecular (130%) bone mass. In trabecular bone, resorption surfaces and active (tetracycline-labelled) and total formation surfaces were increased (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively) causing an enhanced bone turn-over at tissue level (P less than 0.01). The increased trabecular bone mass indicates a positive net balance per remodelling cycle and, therefore, larger than normal bone remodelling units, which in part may explain the increased bone turn-over at tissue level. The activity of the osteoblasts active in mineralization (the appositional rate) was increased (P less than 0.01) and positively related to the fasting serum growth hormone levels (Rs = 0.69, P less than 0.05). The average activity of active and inactive osteoblasts (bone formation rate at basic metabolic unit (BMU) level) was insignificantly increased. The proportion of active (tetracycline labelled) to nonactive formation surfaces was normal. The bone changes were unrelated to serum levels and urinary excretions of calcium and phosphorus or to renal excretion of total and non-dialyzable hydroxyproline or cAMP.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1981

Argyria-tissue deposition of silver as selenide.

Generalized argyria was precipitated in a patient by treating gingival erosions with a solution of silver nitrate for several months. High silver concentrations were measured in skin biopsies. treatment with penicillamine did not increase the urinary silver excretion, indicating that silver is deposited in tissues in a chemically stable and apparently inert form. Electron microscopy showed that in the kidney, silver was deposited mainly in the basal membranes as electron-dense particles. These particles were studied by using X-ray emission spectrometry and electron diffraction. the particles consisted of Ag2Se in the low temperature orthorhombic alfaform. The lattice parameters are: a = 0.433 nm, b = 0.693 nm and c = 0.784 nm. This selenide complex seems to be remarkably non-toxic, since the renal function of the patient was unaffected and only negligible reactive changes were observed in kidney biopsies.

Argyria↗
PubMed1980

Calcium and phosphate metabolism in acromegaly.

A study of 28 consecutively admitted patients with active acromegaly revealed the following results with regards to calcium and phosphate metabolism. When compared with controls, there was an increase in serum calcium levels corrected for total protein, urinary calcium was increased, but the tubular re-absorption of calcium was normal. There was a negative correlation between the urinary cAMP and calcium excretion indicating that hyperabsorption of calcium from the gut is the cause of the increased urinary calcium excretion. Serum phosphate values were increased in acromegalics and correlated well with TmP/GFR which was also increased. Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) was increased in 5 patients, three of whom had hypercalcaemia. In the remaining patients the PTH values were scattered within the normal range. The urinary cAMP/creatinine ratio was increased in acromegalics, but most of this difference was abolished when urinary cAMP was expressed relative to 100 ml of glomerulus filtrate. It is concluded that parathyroid hyperactivity is a feature of acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1980

Urinary 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in relation to serum and urinary calcium in acromegaly and primary hyperparathyroidism.

A comparison of the interrelations between serum and urinary calcium values and the urinary excretion of cAMP in acromegaly (No. of subjects: 26), patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (n = 18) and control subjects (n = 42) is presented. The cAMP excretion was greatest in primary hyperparathyroidism, but acromegalics also exhibited higher values for this parameter than controls. A positive correlation was found between serum calcium values and cAMP in primary hyperparathyroidism, while acromegalics showed no correlation between these parameters. In controls there was a negative correlation between serum calcium and cAMP. Serum calcium levels corrected for variations in total protein concentrations were elevated both in acromegaly and primary hyperparathyroidism, mostly in the latter. Acromegalics and patients with primary hyperparathyroidism exhibited an increase in 24 h calcium excretion. While there was a negative relationship between urinary calcium excretion and cAMP in acromegaly, a positive correlation between these parameters as found in primary hyperparathyroidism. Controls showed a negative correlation between urinary calcium values and cAMP. It is concluded that the role of the parathyroids in the regulation of calcium metabolism in acromegaly is different from that of both normal controls and primary hyperparathyroidism. It is postulated that an active form of Vitamin D plays a major role in the regulation of calcium metabolism in acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1980

Endocrine tumors of the pancreas.

A review of 33 patients operated on between 1951 and 1978 for endocrine tumors of the pancreas is presented. The series consists of 25 patients with hyperinsulinism, 6 with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and 2 with the WDHA syndrome. Clinical features and diagnostic problems are discussed. A noticeable feature is that the average time lapse between onset of symptoms and final diagnosis in insulinoma patients has not been significantly reduced during the years covered by this review. This is in spite of the progress made in testing procedures and laboratory methods designed to diagnose hyperinsulinism. Resection of the tumor has been the preferred treatment in insulinoma patients, of whom 22 are still alive. Insulinomas were associated with other endocrinopathies in 3 cases. Patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome had raised serum gastrin levels and increased basal acid output. Four patients are still alive. Two patients had other endocrinopathies. Both patients with the WDHA syndrome died shortly after the operation. One had biochemical evidence of multiple endocrinopathies.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1979

Urinary excretion of calcium, hydroxyproline and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Urinary excretion of calcium (Ca), hydroxyproline (Hyp) and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was measured during fasting, and in the afternoon, over a 3 day period. Twelve hyperparathyroid patients, of whom 6 were re-studied after successful parathyroid surgery, and 10 control subjects participated, and were maintained on a collagen free diet for the duration of the study. Expressed as creatinine ratio values, Hyp was significantly higher in the morning than during the afternoon, whereas the Ca excretion pattern showed low morning and high afternoon values for all groups. cAMP excretion did not change during the two sampling periods. Large day to day variations for each parameter were observed in the individual patient. The value of cAMP measurements in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was confirmed. The results may imply that a diurnal variation in Hyp excretion exists in primary hyperparathyroidism and that food intake produces a suppression of Hyp excretion, possibly secondary to suppression of parathyroid function or, in our view, to increased calcitonin excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Urinary hydroxyproline excretion in acromegaly.

The urinary hydroxyproline excretion of 8 acromegalics kept on a collagen free diet has been studied. Urinary hydroxyproline showed a circadian rhythm with maximum excretion rates at night and early morning and minimum excretion rates in the late afternoon and evening. When mean values are compared, there is a significant correlation between fasting GH-levels and 24 h urinary hydroxyproline excretion (Rs = 0.74 and between GH and fasting hydroxyproline:creatinine ratios (Rs = 0.76). No significant correlation could be demonstrated between collagen content of bone biopsies and GH-levels or urinary hydroxyproline excretion. It is suggested that a practical assessment of disease activity in acromegaly can be achieved through a simplified hydroxyproline assay.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1977

Bromocriptine treatment in acromegaly: clinical and biochemical effects.

Eight selected patients with active acromegaly and elevated GH levels without other endocrine disturbances were submitted to long-term treatment and acute dose-response trials with bromocriptine. Seven patients showed clinical improvement and lowering of GH levels in response to long-term treatment, however, two of these showed only minor changes in GH levels during the acute dose-response trial. Glucose tolerance and heel pad thickness remained unchanged, while urinary hydroxyproline excretion and blood, plasma and erythrocyte volumes decreased. Using daily doses of 20 mg bromocriptine, side effects were generally minor. Severe vasovagal reactions were, however, observed in two patients, in one at the start of treatment, in the other after ingestion of 25 mg bromocriptine. Bromocriptine represents a valuable treatment alternative in acromegaly, but only long-term treatment will separate responders from nonresponders.

Acromegaly↗