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Biomedical subjects

J Goodman

Publications and source records attributed to J Goodman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Floating gallstones in bile without added contrast material.

Floating gallstones can occur without the administration of contrast material to increase the specific gravity of bile. This was observed in three patients in 17 months. After a long fast, a large stone was noticed to float because of the high specific gravity of inspissated bile. This stone sank after the patient resumed food intake. In another patient, some stones floated while others sank due to their difference in specific gravity. Sonographic demonstration of a floating stone, however, requires certain strict criteria.

Bile↗
PubMed1985

Environment and waiting behaviors in emergency waiting areas.

Environmental conditions and waiting behaviors of 625 children and their families were recorded in the waiting room and suture hall of a children's hospital and a general hospital. Randomized intervention and control days at the children's hospital resulted in children and their families being assigned to an experimental group receiving child life intervention or to a control group who did not receive child life intervention. A second control group at the general hospital did not receive child life intervention. The average waiting time was 1.5 hr. Significant differences were observed in noise level between the children's hospital and general hospital waiting areas, waiting behaviors of children who received child life intervention and those who did not, and parent-child interaction among the three groups. Suggestions for further study regarding the optimal use of waiting time are included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Multiple pancreatic pseudocyst disease.

In an effort to determine the incidence of multiple pseudocyst disease and establish the optimal approach to this problem, the records of 91 consecutive patients diagnosed during a 36-month period as having pancreatic pseudocyst disease by sonography or computerized tomographic scanning were reviewed. Thirteen patients (14.3%) had multiple cysts; all received sonograms and six had CT scans. The combined false negative and false positive rate with sonography was 9%. Spontaneous resolution occurred involving five cysts (18%) up to 6.5 cm in size. The diagnosis of cyst multiplicity was confirmed at operation in seven cases; two of the seven operations were excisional and the remaining patients received drainage procedures. There were no operative deaths; complications included one patient who required chronic enzyme replacement therapy after excision and another patient who developed a subphrenic abscess after attempted percutaneous drainage. The incidence of multiple pseudocyst disease in our series is just over 14%. The possibility of multiplicity should be carefully investigated in each patient with pseudocyst disease. In light of the rate of spontaneous resolution, not all patients with multiple pseudocysts may require operative therapy. Because of the 7.7% false negative diagnoses with sonography, CT scanning is especially helpful when the diagnosis of multiple pseudocysts is suspected or in preoperative preparation of pseudocyst drainage. If an operation becomes necessary, a drainage procedure rather than excision should be used whenever possible to maximize gland salvage.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Recombinant alpha-2 interferon therapy for Kaposi's sarcoma associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

In a randomized prospective study we tested the toxicity and efficacy of recombinant alpha-2 interferon in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. High doses (50 X 10(6) U/m2 body surface area, intravenously) or low doses (1 X 10(6) U/m2, subcutaneously) of recombinant alpha-2 interferon were administered to 20 patients for 5 days/wk, every other week, for four treatment cycles. Therapy was well tolerated subjectively and caused only mild hematologic and hepatic toxicity at both dose levels. No consistent or sustained changes were seen in immunologic variables during or after treatment. Six patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, four at high dose and two at low dose, had objective responses (complete or partial) to treatment. However, therapy did not appear to eradicate cytomegalovirus carriage or prevent opportunistic infections related to cytomegalovirus.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Sonography of tuberculous kidney.

Sonography of 8 patients with renal tuberculosis is reported and collated with 3 additional cases reported in the literature. The patterns of hydronephrosis versus granuloma formation are presented and the differential diagnoses at sonography reviewed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

Granulocytosis associated with tumor cell production of colony-stimulating activity.

A patient with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma presented with a leukemoid reaction. The elevated white blood cell count was due to an increase in bands and mature segmented neutrophils. The degree of granulocytosis correlated with the tumor burden. There was no evidence of superimposed infection and the degree of bone marrow involvement by metastatic tumor was minimal. A cell line derived from the sarcoma produces granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in vitro. Although CSA could not be detected in serum, the findings in this patient suggest that the leukemoid reaction was due to tumor production of CSA.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasound patterns of metastatic tumors in the gallbladder.

Eleven cases of sonographically detected metastatic disease to the gallbladder are reported. This paper represents the first comprehensive review of the ultrasonographic findings in this not infrequently encountered disease process. Four distinctive sonographic diagnostic patterns have evolved and are described. The suspicion of metastatic tumors in the gallbladder should be raised, particularly in the presence of focal gallbladder wall thickening in association with nonshadowing intraluminal soft tissue masses. In contrast to primary carcinomas of the gallbladder, cholelithiasis usually is absent. The differential diagnosis, which includes various benign conditions of the gallbladder, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intractable diarrhea of infancy due to intestinal coccidiosis.

Intestinal coccidiosis in a 6-mo-old infant terminated fatally after 30 wk of continuous total parenteral nutrition, and proved refractory to treatment with antibiotics, hydrocortisone, and antimetabolic agents. Intestinal biopsies obtained at laparotomy revealed flattened mucosa infiltrated with coccidia at various stages of the parasites' life cycle. The course was characterized by severe diarrhea due to a cholera-like hypersecretion of intraluminal fluid. This case suggests that intestinal coccidiosis may be included among the small number of conditions responsible for authentic "intractable diarrhea of infancy."

Coccidiosis↗
PubMed1979

Cholestyramine treatment of chronic diarrhea associated with immune deficiency syndrome.

A 5-year-old boy with known severe combined immunodeficiency disease presented with chronic diarrhea, malabsorption and retarded growth. Candida albicans was found in distal duodenal fluid, and invading the intestinal mucosa. Chronic diarrhea persisted after antimycotic therapy, but responded to treatment with cholestyramine. Repeated courses of cholestyramine resin over a 6-month period were required for complete resolution of the gastrointestinal symptomatology.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1977

Relationship of nutritional factors to in vitro tumor cell growth and cytotoxicity produced by cytosine arabinoside.

The in vitro relationship between nutritional factors, proliferative status of tumor cells, and the cytotoxic action of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) was investigated. The reduction in the concentration of only one essential amino acid, L-isoleucine, in the growth medium of A(T1)C1-3 hamster fibrosarcoma cells decreased DNA synthesis in this cell population and slowed the rate of progression of G1 phase cells into S phase of the cell cycle. The complete omission of isoleucine from the growth medium blocked the progression of G1 phase cells into S phase and prevented the cytotoxic action of ara-C. The addition of isoleucine to the isoleucine-deprived cells permitted these cells to enter the S phase and restored their sensitivity to the cytotoxic action of ara-C. When G1 phase cells were placed in a medium containing reduced levels of all the amino acids and vitamins there was a prolongation of the G1 phase. Since medium with low levels of amino acids produced a delay in the entry of G1 phase cells into the S phase, the time interval in which these cells were most sensitive to the cytotoxic action of ara-C was different for G1 phase cells placed in medium with adequate levels of all the amino acids. These in vitro data indicate that nutritional factors can markedly effect the proliferation of tumor cells and the cytotoxic action of ara-C.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

In vitro cytotoxic and biochemical effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.

The in vitro effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) on cytotoxicity and macromolecular synthesis in A(T1)C1-3 hamster fibrosarcoma cells was investigated. The in vitro concentrations that produce 50% cell kill for 5-aza-CdR were about 1.0 and 0.01 microng/ml for a 2- and 24-hr exposure, respectively. 5-aza-CdR inhibited the growth of the fibrosarcoma cells by 40% at a concentration of 0.05 microng/ml. Deoxycytidine, but not cytidine, was a potent antagonist of the cytotoxicity produced by 5-aza-CdR. At cytotoxic concentrations 5-aza-CdR did not appear to inhibit DNA, RNA, or protein synthesis during a 1-hr incubation as measured by the incorporation of radioactive thymidine, uridine,, or leucine into acid-insoluble material. At a concentration of 10 microng/ml, 5-aza-CdR stimulated the incorporation of radioactive thymidine into DNA by more than 50%. These results indicate that 5-aza-CdR is a very potent cytotoxic agent to tumor cells in vitro at concentrations that do not inhibit macromolecular synthesis.

Azacitidine↗