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Biomedical subjects

J Goldstein

Publications and source records attributed to J Goldstein.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Basal motor activity of the distal colon: a reappraisal.

The significance of recent motor data on the distal colon in irritable bowel syndrome is obscured by methodological questions such as bowel preparation, variability and reproducibility of motor activity and segmental differences. Thirty subjects were studied after prior bowel cleansing with a water enema on two separate occasions 1 wk apart (10 with one bowel movement per day, 10 with two to three per week, and 10 with three to 12 per day). Two additional studies were performed in 10 of the subjects, one with and one without prior cleansing. The motility indices of the cleansed and unwashed colon were dissimilar. The motility index per 3 min varied markedly over 3 h, and the indices between the paired studies were rarely identical. Marked segmental differences were noted. The mean motility index per 3 min of the constipated and the diarrhea groups was significantly greater than that of normals only in the 15-cm segment. In view of these variables, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of basal motor activity of the distal colon.

Colon↗
PubMed1982

Group B erythrocytes enzymatically converted to group O survive normally in A, B, and O individuals.

With an alpha-galactosidase, B erythrocytes can be converted to blood group O under conditions that neither impair their viability in vitro nor affect their ability to survive normally after transfusion to individuals of groups O, A, and B. Such an approach has the potential for producing enzymatically converted group O cells for use in transfusion therapy. It should also be possible to convert A cells to group O by using the appropriate alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1982

Enzymatic modification of the surface carbohydrates of Friend erythroleukemic cells.

Surface carbohydrates of Friend erythroleukemic-cells were modified by treatment with the exoglycosidases, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, and neuraminidase without affecting cell growth and viability either in the presence of absence of 1.8% DMSO as inducer. When cells were incubated with a combination of alpha-galactosidase and neuraminidase and then induced, they showed an increased rate of differentiation as measured by the formation of benzidine-positive cells. These enzymes used singly, or beta-galactosidase treatment alone, or in combination with neuraminidase, did not change the rate of differentiation. Cell-surface labeling and electrophoretic separation of the glycoconjugates revealed that two regions of approximate molecular weights of 195,000 and 185,000 were neuraminidase-sensitive and one other of molecular weight of about 75,000 was sensitive to alpha-galactosidase. Both untreated and the combined alpha-galactosidase, neuraminidase-modified cells exhibited the same rate of uptake of carbon-14 DMSO, ruling out the possibility that the observed increased rate of differentiation was due to faster penetration of DMSO into enzyme-treated cells. On the other hand, the decrease in the rate of uptake of rubidium-86, an analogue of K+, by treated-induced cells was significantly enhanced over that observed with untreated-induced cells, suggesting that alpha-galactosidase plus neuraminidase modification of the cell surface was affecting at least one of the early events occurring in the Friend erythroleukemic cell differentiation program.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Percutaneous wire-guided balloon pumping.

A percutaneous wire-guided double lumen intraaortic balloon pump was tested in 44 patients, 15 with cardiogenic shock. The balloon volume is 40 ml, the material is Avcothane, and the central lumen will pass a 0.035 inch (0.889 mm) wire guide. Standard Seldinger technique was followed by successful insertion in 40 patients (90 percent) with no recognized vascular trauma. Counterpulsation was excellent and central pressure monitoring through the balloon lumen showed good fidelity. Iliofemoral thrombosis occurred in 5 percent of patients. The overguide technique is simple, successful and atraumatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Use of the automicrobic and enteric-tek systems for identification of Enterobacteriaceae.

Studies were performed to evaluate the use of the Enteric-Tek (ET) and the AutoMicrobic system (AMS) for the identification of 201 Enterobacteriaceae freshly isolated from clinical specimens. All test systems were inoculated simultaneously from the same MacConkey agar plate. Organisms were also identified with conventional media. Identifications with the ET and AMS agreed with those made with conventional biochemicals 97% of the time. At a 95% confidence level, the ET was able to identify 75% of the isolates within 18 h without the aid of additional biochemical tests; the AMS identified 92% in 8 h. Technologist time needed for identifications made with the AMS was reduced approximately 57% compared with the ET. In all instances in which the AMS identification disagreed with the conventional, the ET identified the organism correctly. Similarly, organisms misidentified by the ET were correctly identified by the AMS. The data suggest that the AMS and ET identify clinical isolates with comparable accuracy; however, the AMS offers a significant savings in time.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

Microtube coagulase test for detection of coagulase-positive staphylococci.

Studies were performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of a new microtube method for the detection of coagulase production by Staphylococcus aureus. Rabbit plasma containing EDTA was added to and lyophilized in API microtubes. Two standard coagulase plasmas containing EDTA were used in the conventional macrotube test and served as a basis for comparison. No false-positive or false-negative reactions were encountered with the microtube system. With this system, 53% of the coagulase-positive strains tested were detected within 1 h after inoculation, 82% were detected after 2 h, 97% were detected after 3 h, and 99% were detected after 4 h. With the first conventional method, 45, 81, 96, and 98% of the positive strains were detected in 1, 2, 3, and 4 h, respectively, whereas with the second conventional method, only 6% of the positive strains were detected in 1 h, 24% in 2 h, 66% in 3 h, and 81% in 4 h. With the microtube method, 5 of the 139 coagulase-producing strains studied reverted to negative between 5 and 24 h after inoculation, whereas 9 reverted with the more rapid conventional method, and no reversions occurred with the second conventional method. All reversions involved strains which caused gelation of plasma within 1 h after inoculation. The data obtained showed that 99% of the coagulase-positive strains tested could be detected within 4 h by the microtube method. In addition, the microtube method offers a more convenient and economical format for the performance of the coagulase tube test.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Primary culture media for routine urine processing.

It has been recommended that routine microbiological processing of urine specimens include quantitative plating onto blood agar medium along with a selective and differential agar such as MacConkey agar for gram-negative organisms. Few data have been published to justify this combination. To evaluate the validity of this recommendation 2,553 midstream, clean-voided urine samples were quantitatively plated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and colistin-nalidixic acid agar, which is a selective medium for gram-positive organisms. The amounts of growth on each of the three media were compared. Results indicated that the best medium combination was colistin-nalidixic acid agar and MacConkey agar. The use of colistin-nalidixic acid agar instead of blood agar increased the detection of significant growth of enterococci, lactobacilli, and Torulopsis glabrata.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1982

Myocardial free-wall rupture after acute infarction: survival aided by percutaneous intraaortic balloon counterpulsation.

After his first acute myocardial infarction, a 69-year-old male suffered the usually lethal complication of ventricular free-wall rupture. Early suspicion of possible rupture and immediate percutaneous insertion of an intraaortic balloon pump assist device afforded sufficient hemodynamic stability to proceed with cardiac catheterization. The diagnosis of ventricular free-wall rupture was confirmed and the extent of coronary artery disease defined. The patient underwent repair of the free-wall rupture and coronary artery bypass grafting and has returned to full activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Glycogenic acanthosis of the esophagus.

A nodular appearance of the esophageal mucosa was observed in 28.3% of 300 consecutive double-contrast esophagrams. This most commonly appeared as numerous uniformly sized, usually less than 3 mm, subtle, round elevations involving the entire esophageal surface. When carefully performed, endoscopy will almost always confirm these findings. Endoscopic biopsies performed in 10 patients demonstrated the nodules to represent glycogenic acanthosis--a combination of cellular hyperplasia and increased cellular glycogen. The radiographic appearance of these nodules, while usually characteristic, may vary and they may simulate pathologic processes, particularly moniliasis. Distinction can usually be made by clinical and radiologic criteria. Although the etiology is unknown, this seems to be of no clinical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Phalangeal microgeodic syndrome in childhood. A case report.

A rare case of avascular necrosis of bone of unknown etiology affecting several phalanges of one hand in a 12-year-old Israeli girl is presented. This entity has been described in the literature under the title of "Phalangeal microgeodic syndrome in childhood." Forty cases have been reported mostly from Japan. The clinical presentation is that of a sudden onset of chilblain-like appearance of the fingers. Characteristically, the disease occurs in the colder months of the year. The radiological picture is pathognomonic although an inexperienced observer might suspect an aggressive destructive lesion. The prognosis is excellent as the disease is a self-limited one and surgery is unnecessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The vascular response of the "delay" procedure.

Delay of a flap apparently enhances its vitality during later transfer. At the present time, although we have a better understanding of the mechanism of skin flap delay, there are still controversies regarding the details. The purpose of our research was to study the vascular response of the delay phenomenon and compare the results with those obtained by others. This was accomplished by raising and delaying flaps in rats and histologically counting, at regular intervals, the number of arterioles, at a point of 2 cm distally to the base of the flap. Our data shows a decline in the number of arterio-venous shunts, from one week toward the third week post-operatively, thus sustaining those who advocate that the optimum time for transfer after delay procedure, is towards the third week. It is of empiric knowledge that a delay of a flap apparently enhances its chances for survival during later elevation, rotation, and transfer. Hynes (1) suggested that the reason for necrosis in the distal part of the flap is due to the opening of a significant number of arterio-venous shunts. The work of Reinisch (2) contributed to this idea by demonstrating a change in the microvascular circulation in the flap. In this work, an attempt is made to give further proof of Hynes' theory by counting histologically the number of arterioles during the delay period in a flap as an indication of the number of patent arterio-venous shunts.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Primary carcinoma of the cecum with uterine metastases.

We report an unusual case of a poorly differentiated signet ring cell type of adenocarcinoma of the cecum, rare in its own right, that had metastasized to the endometrium. The diagnosis was made on the basis of fractional uterine curettage. It is believed that this is the first case of such an unusual cecal carcinoma metastatic to the endometrium.

Adenocarcinoma↗