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Biomedical subjects

J Gillquist

Publications and source records attributed to J Gillquist.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

A new modification of the technique of arthroscopy of the knee joint.

Experience from arthroscopy in 224 patients with knee complaints is reported. The common method for arthroscopy is compared with a new modification developed during the study. The new method includes introduction of a 5 mm arthroscope through the patellar tendon at the level of the joint line and the use of hooks to test the menisci and the ligaments. The experience from this method shows that it gives an expanded field of vision and that technical failures are less frequent. No complications occurred. It is stated that arthroscopy is of great value in the diagnosis of knee injuries. However, a high diagnostic accuracy can only be reached by an experienced operator using a strictly standardized method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Wound infections in general surgery. Wound contamination, rates of infection and some consequences.

Rates of wound infection have been studied in a clinic performing to an equal degree both clean surgery and potentially contaminated surgery. Included in the study were 2827 patients with 213 (7.5%) postoperative wound infections. The postoperative mortality was 2.1%. Primary illness and cardiovascular complications were the main causes of postoperative death, while infectious complications (pneumonia, peritonitis and wound infection) were associated with or caused 1/3 of all postoperative deaths. Positive cultures from the wound before closure and from the wound dressings, immediately after operation, were followed by an increased risk of wound infection compared to negative cultures. Rates of wound infection were significantly higher in potentially contaminated operations compared to clean operations. Gram negative bacteria dominated in isolates from infected wounds after the former type of surgery, while S. aureus was the most common bacteria in wound infections after clean surgery. The time interval between operation and the discovery of wound infection was in the mean 10 days for staphylococci, and 9 days for Gram negative bacteria. The average time of hospitalization for patients contracting postoperative wound infections was 9 days longer than that for non-infected patients, which means that 3.4% of all nursing days were lost owing to excess hospitalization of infected patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Prophylactic cephalothin in gastrointestinal surgery.

A prospective study was carried out to evaluate the effect of a strictly standardized, short-term prophylactic treatment with cephalothin (Keflin) on the incidence of postoperative wound infections in gastrointestinal surgery. Achieved levels of cephalothin activity in serum and interstitial water were studied, and the sensitivity of isolated bacteria at the end of operation and from septic wounds was defined. Patients were divided at random into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received 2 g cephalothin at the induction of anesthesia and another 2 g, 5 and 10 hours after the primary infusion. The control group remained untreated. The rapid infusion of 2 g cephalothin resulted in high initial serum levels, which declined rapidly. Equilibration between intraand extravascular compartments occurred about 60-80 minutes after start of infusion. At that time the infused dose resulted in a cephalothin level of about 30 mug/ml in ECV and plasma, or about 30% of the initial concentration. Despite the prophylactic infusion of cephalothin, the frequency of wound infection in treated patients was the same as in the controls. Subdivision of the material according to type of surgery performed did not reveal any difference between untreated patients and controls. No shift towards cephalothin-resistant strains was observed in isolates from septic wounds in the treatment group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Early changes in the serum activity of ornithine carbamoyl transferase in patients operated on with a jejuno-ileal by-pass for extreme obesity.

In 13 patients operated on with jejuno-ileal shunting for extreme obesity the serum activity of ornithine-carbamoyl-transferase (S-OCT) was monitored. A rapid rise in the S-COT occurred and was observed at its peak between 2 and 8 hours after the operation. In 4 patients operated on for intestinal diseases much smaller rises in the S-OCT were noted. In a control group of 6 patients operated on for knee injuries, no changes of the S-OCT were noted after operation. The rise in the S-OCT is interpreted as a sign of liver cell damage of unknown cause in the patients with jejuno-ileal shunting.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗