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Biomedical subjects

J G Moore

Publications and source records attributed to J G Moore.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Continent vesicostomy. Application in a patient.

Continent vesicostomy, as performed in the laboratory animal, allows the severely dysfunctional bladder to be emptied at predetermined intervals by transabdominal catheterization. The formation of a continent vesicostomy in a patient with markedly impaired bladder function secondary to an extended pelvic operation for the treatment of cancer is described. This technique provides a possible alternative to the construction of a urinary conduit in patients disabled from the treatment of a pelvic malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of fatigue on resident performance.

Fourteen rested and fatigued residents read a set of 25 test radiographs on two separate occasions approximately one month apart. The radiographs were made with partial chest phantom using pulmonary nodules as test objects. Seven rested and 7 fatigued residents read the radiographs, and a month later the order of fatigue was reversed. Fatigued residents had worked a minimum of 15 consecutive hours before their interpretations. Performance did not deteriorate with fatigue, and the nodule detection rate was almost identical on both occasions.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1977

Effect of kilovoltage on detectability of pulmonary nodules in a chest phantom.

A partial chest phantom was constructed to examine the effect of kilovoltage on the detectability of pulmonary nodules. Four different energies were studied: 100, 150, 200, and 300 kVp. Nodule detectability improved with increasing energies up to 200 kVp, but improvement was relatively small and was accompanied by an almost equal rise in the number of false positive readings. Patient exposures were least at 200 kVp. There seems to be no advantage in a 300 kVp technique, since nodule detectability decreased and patient exposures increased at this energy.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Incidence of astigmatism after cataract surgery. Comparison of continuous and interrupted sutures.

In spite of the increased use of intraocular implants and contact lenses, the majority of cataract cases require spectacles after operation. Too great an amount of astigmatism will cause distortion and spoil an otherwise perfect operation. It is clear that the amount of astigmatism depends upon how the section is made and how it is sutured. In a series of cases employing different kinds of section and different methods of suturing, the postoperative astigmatism for each combination was recorded. A comparison was made between direct sutures and continuous suturing with 10.0 monofilament. Some suggestions are made as to the best method of keeping astigmatism to a minimum.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1977

The operative evaluation of patients with cervical carcinoma by an extraperitoneal approach.

Seventy patients with cervical cancer who were not candidates for primary operative treatment underwent operative evaluation prior to radiation therapy. Thirty-one were explored through a transperitoneal approach and 39 through an extraperitoneal approach. The operative procedure consisted of bilateral pelvic and periaortic lymphadenectomy and exploratory laparotomy, with additional intraperitoneal biopsies taken as indicated by operative findings. Poor correlation was seen between operative findings, lymphangiography, and clinical staging. Radiation therapy was extended to include sites of biopsy proven metastases. The group of patients operated on through a transperitoneal approach experienced a 30% complication rate secondary to small bowel damage following radiation therapy, and 2 patients died as a result of complications. All patients with small bowel complications explored in this manner required surgical correction. The group of patients operated on through an extraperitoneal approach had a 2.5% morbidity secondary to small bowel complications, and there were not deaths or serious complications in these patients. No patients explored in this manner required subsequent operation for complications following radiation therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Vaginal reconstruction following extensive treatment for pelvic cancer.

Since 1970, 23 patients at UCLA and The City of Hope who have undergone extensive treatment for pelvic malignancy have had vaginal function successfully restored. A combination of methods, including split-thickness skin graft and the construction of an external vulvar pouch, is often necessary to obtain maximal functional results. The external vulvar pouch was very useful, although not as anatomically appealing as internal methods of reconstruction. In young patients who required an exenteration, a new technique using part of the anterior bladder fundus was developed. Preliminary experience with this method was promising. Among the gorup of 23 patients, there have been no overt failures. By combining restoration of rectal function with vaginal reconstruction, two major steps have been taken toward total rehabilitation of the patient undergoing extensive treatment for pelvic malignancy. Persistence, ingenuity, and planning by the surgeon are essential to obtain a maximum functional result for each patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Vesicorectostomy revisited.

Between 1948 and 1959 vesicorectostomy, a permanent anastomosis between the bladder and rectum, was constructed in 7 male patients. Scattered reports of this procedure exist but none since 1959 and long-term followup has never been reported. we present long-term followup, including renal function, excretory urography and voiding cystorectography, and review the quality of life in the 7 patients. The most frequent complication was stenosis of the anastomosis. None of the patients in this series with normal preoperative upper tracts showed radiographic or chemical deterioration postoperatively. Since this procedure maintains urinary continence, does not disturb the normal physiology of the ureterovesical junction and minimizes urinary reabsorption its use should be considered in certain patients as an alternative method of urinary diversion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effects of aspirin on gastric prostaglandin E (PGE) and acid output in normal subjects.

Aspirin administration to normal subjects resulted in a reduction in gastric prostaglandin E (PGE) output. Both PGE concentration and gastric juice volume were decreased. Gastric acid output also decreased, although the difference was not statistically significant. An increased sensitivity of the PGE system to inhibition by aspirin at 11 p.m., midnight, and 1am was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Distributions of several agents useful in imaging myocardial infarcts.

Myocardial cell death due to infarction is accompanied by an influx of calcium ion. The calcium ion seems to localize in crystalline structures that form within mitochondria and resemble hydroxyapatite. Based on this phenomenon 99mTc-stannous pyrophosphate has been successfully used to image myocardial infarcts within 24 hr of infarction and 1 hr following tracer administration both in dogs and patient volunteers. In this report, canine distribution studies of 99m-Tc-pyrophosphate are compared with similar studies with 99mTc-stannous polyphosphate, 99mTc-stannous 1, hydroxy-ethylidene-1, 1-disodium phosphonate diphosphonate), and 18F as sodium fluoride. Pyrophosphate polyphosphate, and diphosphonate are each potentially useful in myocardial infarct imaging but bone uptake of 18F occurs sufficiently early to prevent the use of this radionuclide in infarct scintigraphy.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Yo-yo children.

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Child↗