Allergic contact dermatitis from topical steroids.
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Administration, Topical↗
Biomedical subjects
J G Marks
Publications and source records attributed to J G Marks.
Allergic contact dermatitis to Alstroemeria.
Two female florists developed dermatitis of the fingertips. Patch testing revealed allergic contact dermatitis to the flower, Alstroemeria, used in floral arrangements. They had positive patch tests to portions of Alstroemeria, and to tuliposide A, the allergen in this plant. Vinyl gloves were not helpful since tuliposide A readily penetrates through these gloves. Nitrile gloves may be protective since they prevented positive patch test to tuliposide A.
Adult↗
Dermatologic problems of office workers.
Occupational dermatoses among office personnel are infrequent. Nevertheless, the dermatologist should be aware of the various suspected causes of these dermatoses (poor ventilation, visual display terminals, paper, etc.), since some patients will attribute their cutaneous as well as extracutaneous symptoms to office work.
Allergens↗
PA Patch--a new patch testing device. Preliminary report.
The PA Patch, a new multiple-antigen, predispensed patch testing device, was compared to the Finn Chamber in subjects with previous positive patch tests. After pressing the PA Patch well, the PA Patch performed as well as the Finn Chamber in nine subjects tested.
Equipment Design↗
Acyclovir resistance in a patient with chronic mucocutaneous herpes simplex infection.
Chronic cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection is described in a 68-year-old man who was immunocompromised because of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The herpes infection was not amenable to therapy with acyclovir. Clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus were assessed for viral thymidine kinase activity, which was markedly decreased in two isolates. By the method of viral plaque autoradiography, these isolates were determined to be composed primarily of mutant thymidine kinase-negative herpes simplex virus mixed with occasional standard thymidine kinase-positive herpes simplex virus. Viral plaque autoradiography permitted the quantitation of proportions of thymidine kinase-negative and thymidine kinase-positive herpes simplex virus in the mixed virus populations. The chronic cutaneous infection persisted, unlike other reported infections by thymidine kinase-negative herpes simplex virus.
Acyclovir↗
The effect of age and hair colour on human hairbulb tyrosinase activity.
We studied tyrosinase activity from human hairbulbs from 51 subjects, aged 5-72 years. We used anagen hairbulbs and grouped the subjects according to hair colour. We did not observe an age-dependent fall in hairbulb tyrosinase activity. We observed considerable inter-individual variation in activity, with a range of 8-342 pmol DOPA formed/three hairbulbs/30 min. The mean tyrosinase activity from red hairbulbs was significantly higher than the mean for the other hair colours. White hairbulbs did not express tyrosinase activity, and specific antibodies to tyrosinase were used to establish that tyrosinase antigen was absent from white hairbulbs.
Adolescent↗
Oral hyposensitization to poison ivy and poison oak.
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a 1:1 mixture of pentadecylcatechol (PDC) and heptadecylcatechol (HDC) diacetate in reducing hypersensitivity to poison ivy and poison oak. The study was double-blind, parallel, randomized, and placebo controlled. The 44 subjects receiving the active drug ingested a cumulative dose of 306.5 mg over a five-week period. Subsequently, 14 patients were continued on a maintenance phase, ingesting an additional 960 mg of drug. The PDC-HDC diacetate was well tolerated, with no significant side effects. Evaluation of efficacy compared poststudy and prestudy reactions to patch tests using urushiol in doses of 0.025, 0.05, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 micrograms applied to the forearm. The results indicated that the induction phase as well as the maintenance phase did not induce a statistically significant hyposensitivity to urushiol, and we were thus unable to decrease sensitivity to poison ivy and poison oak in humans using orally ingested PDC-HDC diacetate.
Administration, Oral↗
Tissue production of androgens in women with acne.
Precursor and target tissue-produced androgens were measured in the plasma of eighteen women with mild to moderate acne. Mean plasma levels of the precursor androgens (total testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) wer similar to levels in a group of carefully selected acne-free and hirsute-free, age-matched female controls. In contrast, plasma 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide (3 alpha-diol G) values were elevated in 13 of the patients, with a mean value for the entire group nearly threefold that of the normal controls (117 vs 43 ng/dl; p less than 0.001). These results support the concept that target tissue androgen production plays an important hormonal role in the pathogenesis of acne in women and that plasma 3 alpha-diol G may be the most sensitive marker of this process.
Acne Vulgaris↗
Growth factors and wound healing in the hamster.
We have investigated the effect of topically applied mitogenic preparations on the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in the Syrian hamster. In an attempt to accelerate the healing process, dexamethasone and insulin, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, thrombin, defined medium F for fibroblasts, liver cell supernatant, epidermal growth factor, and colostrum were applied to the wounds. These mitogens had no significant influence on the rate of wound contraction or on the time to complete healing in full-thickness, noncompromised skin wounds in this animal model.
Animals↗
Immediate and delayed reactions to cosmetic ingredients.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and etiology of cutaneous reactions caused by cosmetics, with an emphasis on perfume sensitivity. 19 control subjects and 31 patch test clinic patients (16 with a history of adverse cosmetic reactions) were examined for sensitivity by history, open and patch testing using the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) fragrance screening series and 11 other common allergens found in cosmetics. Contact urticaria was very frequent to certain chemicals; however, patients with a history of cosmetic sensitivity were not found to have a significant increase in positive reactions when compared to controls or patients with eczematous skin. 12 subjects had positive patch test reactions, most of which were not clinically relevant. 3 patients with a history of cosmetic sensitivity had positive reactions, only 1 of which was in the fragrance screening series (cinnamic alcohol). There were 6 reactions in patients with eczematous skin, 4 of which were to preservatives. 3 controls had positive reactions, each to thimerosal. A history of cosmetic sensitivity was not confirmed by open and closed skin testing in our subjects.
Cosmetics↗
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa and pyloric atresia in two siblings.
Pyloric atresia is a rare disorder that has been seen in association with epidermolysis bullosa. Two male siblings with pyloric atresia and the junctional form of epidermolysis bullosa, confirmed by electron microscopy, are described herein. These cases strengthen the relationship between junctional epidermolysis bullosa and pyloric atresia, which are probably transmitted together in an autosomal-recessive pattern.
Epidermolysis Bullosa↗
Pediatric pemphigus vulgaris. Treatment with topical adrenal steroids.
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Administration, Topical↗
Dermatitis from cashew nuts.
Between April 4 and May 10, 1982, fifty-four individuals developed a poison ivy-like dermatitis 1 to 8 days after eating imported cashew nuts. The patients had a very pruritic, erythematous, maculopapular eruption that was accentuated in the flexural areas of the body. Three had blistering of the mouth and four had rectal itching. Nineteen volunteers (eleven ill and eight well) were patch-tested with 2.5 micrograms of poison ivy urushiol and an acetone extract of cashew nut shells. Patch testing did not predict illness since positive tests to both materials occurred in those who had been ill as well as in those who had been well. Absence of cashew nut shells from two thirds of the bags probably accounted for the lack of correlation between patch testing and illness. All nine who reacted to the cashew extract also reacted to poison ivy urushiol. The three who were not sensitive to poison ivy had no reaction to cashew extract. Mass spectrometry of the cashew shell extract suggested the presence of cardol , one of the allergens in cashew shell oil.
Adolescent↗
Acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance.
Acanthosis nigricans has been reported in association with many conditions and most recently with insulin resistance. A case is presented to illustrate the clinical characteristics of acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance. The various subtypes of this syndrome complex and its pathogenic mechanisms are reviewed.
Acanthosis Nigricans↗
Cutaneous reactions to surgical preparations and dressings.
A prospective study of 100 surgical patients was undertaken to identify causes of contact dermatitis. Patch testing with the North American Contact Dermatitis Standard Series and additional agents used in the surgical preparation and dressing was performed in 11 patients with post-operative dermatitis or a history of tape allergy. 12 patients were diagnosed as having irritant (mechanical) contact dermatitis. One patient had allergic contact dermatitis to benzoin postoperatively; another patient with a history of an adhesive tape reaction had a positive patch test to thiuram mix, rubber accelerators formerly present in adhesive tapes. Our findings indicate that irritant contact dermatitis is a common problem in the surgical patient. Allergic contact dermatitis is less common, occurring in 2 of the 100 patients.
Adult↗
Dermatoses among poultry workers: "chicken poison disease".
To investigate the causes of skin eruptions affecting poultry workers, we reviewed our medical records and surveyed a southcentral Pennsylvania poultry processing plant. Examination of the records of routine patch test clinic patients seen from January, 1981, to July, 1982, revealed three poultry workers with allergic contact dermatitis and one with irritant contact dermatitis. We then examined one hundred fifty workers at a poultry processing plant, noting the presence of occupational dermatoses, with special interest in the occurrence of contact dermatitis. We found thirteen dermatoses in nine workers. These included Candida infections, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, abrasions and cuts, warts, and dyshidrotic eczema.
Adult↗
Inhibition of wound healing by topical steroids.
A new animal model was used to study the effect of topical agents on wound healing. A weak- (hydrocortisone cream 1%) and medium-strength (fluocinolone acetonide ointment 0.025%) steroid and their vehicles were applied to full-thickness skin wounds placed on the backs of female Syrian hamsters. Wound healing was significantly retarded by both steroids when compared to their vehicles. Fluocinolone had a greater inhibitory effect than hydrocortisone.
Administration, Topical↗