Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J G Lane
Publications and source records attributed to J G Lane.
A case of possible 2.4.D and 2.4.5.-T poisoning in the horse.
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Animals↗
The role of ultrasound in the assessment of laryngeal paralysis in the dog.
Forty dogs with clinical signs suggestive of upper respiratory tract disease underwent echolaryngography and laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopy was used as the definitive technique to diagnose laryngeal paralysis. The ultrasound investigation accurately indicated the presence of the paralysis and confirmed the uni- or bilateral nature of the disorder. Findings indicative of laryngeal paralysis included asymmetry or absence of motion of the cuneiform processes (30/30), abnormal arytenoid movement (16/30), paradoxical movement (9/30), caudal displacement of the larynx (2/30) and laryngeal collapse (1/30). Thirty dogs were found to be afflicted with laryngeal paralysis and ten had normal laryngeal motility.
Animals↗
Matrix assessment of the articular cartilage surface after chondroplasty with the holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser. A long-term study.
A long-term in vivo study was performed to assess biochemical changes after laser repair of articular cartilage. Forty New Zealand White rabbits were sacrificed 26 weeks after undergoing an articular cartilage chondroplasty with use of a holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser at 0.8 joules per pulse and a rate of 10 Hz. Glycosaminoglycan content in the repaired tissue decreased significantly with both perpendicular (19.59+/-5.6 microg hexosamin/mg of dry tissue) and tangential delivery (14.78+/-4.5 microg/mg) compared with the sham-treated tissue (39.6+/-5.0 microg/mg). Cellular viability was also significantly decreased. Sulfate incorporation was decreased to 203+/-142 cpm/mg of dry cartilage in the tangential mode and 461+/-209 cpm/mg in the tangential mode, compared with the sham at 1845 cpm/mg. Uptake of [3H]thymidine decreased to 463+/-473 cpm/mg of dry tissue and 455+/-170 cpm/mg in the tangential and perpendicular modes, respectively, compared with 2465 cpm/mg in the sham tissue. There were no significant differences between the tangential and perpendicular delivery modes in any assessments performed. The shortterm chondrocyte destruction previously noted in a 12-week study after laser treatment was not reversed during a longer-term 26-week study, and cellular viability was not recovered, suggesting that the loss of chondrocyte function may be permanent.
Aluminum Silicates↗
The anterior cruciate ligament in controlling axial rotation. An evaluation of its effect.
Changes in axial tibial rotation after anterior cruciate ligament sectioning were evaluated in 14 fresh human knee joints. Simulation of vertical stance in a quadriceps-stabilized knee was performed. Internal and external rotational torques were applied before and after anterior cruciate ligament sectioning. Pivot shift tests were done in the intact and anterior cruciate ligament sectioned knee. Results of pivot shift tests were all negative before sectioning and positive after isolated sectioning. No significant change in axial rotation occurred between the intact and sectioned knee for external rotation (P = 0.24) or internal rotation (P = 0.12). Presence of a load at the femoral housing in both the intact and ligament-sectioned knees caused a significant change in external rotation (P < 0.0001). No significant change was noted in internal rotation between loaded and unloaded states (P = 0.70). Total tibial rotation in the intact knee was noted to vary between 31 degrees at 0 degree of flexion and 42 degrees at 60 degrees of flexion. These results suggest that the anterior cruciate ligament does not play a significant role in limiting axial rotation and that rotational instability is not a major factor after isolated anterior cruciate ligament rupture.
Aged↗
Graft impingement after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Presentation as an active extension "thunk".
Twelve of 215 patients with an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction developed a "thunk," a low-pitched sound, on active extension of the operative knee at an average of 5 months after surgery. In 4 of the patients the thunk resolved without surgical treatment at an average of 4 months after onset (range, 2 to 6). In 3 of the patients an increase in anterior knee laxity was associated with resolution of the thunk. Seven of the patients were treated with arthroscopic examination. Six of the patients had graft impingement on the lateral wall or the roof of the notch with knee extension. The thunk was eliminated with an adequate notchplasty that corrected the impingement. In the other patient the thunk was secondary to fibrosis of the anterior fat pad. One patient with a persistent thunk declined surgery and was lost to followup.
Adolescent↗
Matrix assessment of the articular cartilage surface after chondroplasty with the holmium:YAG laser.
The goal of this study was to evaluate, histologically and biochemically, repair of the articular cartilage in a rabbit joint after the use of the holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser in a cartilage chondroplasty model. In 30 New Zealand White rabbits, chondroplasty was performed with the laser at an intensity of 0.8 J at a rate of 10 Hz. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after surgery. Histologically, the safranin O staining index of proteoglycan correlated well with the biochemical results, illustrating a decrease of proteoglycan in the repaired articular cartilage after laser articular cartilage chondroplasty. The damaged articular cartilage surface after the laser application was extensive. The damaged area observed was gradually distributed along the radius from the central point of the laser beam application. Biochemically, the amount of glycosaminoglycan in the repaired tissue (8 +/- 2 mg of hexosamine per gram of dry cartilage) was statistically less when compared with that in the sham-treated tissue (40 +/- 5 mg). The amount of sulfate incorporated into proteoglycans was 8 to 10 times less in the chondroplasty model compared with the control, suggesting that cell viability was greatly reduced in the treated tissues or expression of proteoglycans was greatly reduced. In the subchondral area, histologic evaluation showed the lack of osteocytes in lacunae of the bone tissue after use of laser energy. The architecture of the subchondral bone in the chondroplasty area was damaged, with damage also seen in the membranes of the blood vessels.
Aluminum Silicates↗