Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to J Fraser.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Partial primary structure of the alpha and beta chains of human tumor T-cell receptors.

The T-cell receptor for antigen (Ti) was purified from the human tumor cell line HPB-ALL. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of an acid-cleaved peptide of the Ti alpha chain showed that it is highly homologous to a putative murine alpha chain recently described. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the Ti beta chain revealed that it shares 50 percent homology with the Ti beta chain amino acid sequences from two other human T-cell tumors. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone encoding the Ti beta chain from the HPB-MLT cell line showed that this chain represents a second human constant region gene segment and suggested that it arises from direct joining of the variable and joining gene segments without any intervening D region sequences.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Survival following resection for colorectal cancer. A New Zealand national study.

The crude overall five-year survival rate for New Zealand patients with colorectal cancer treated surgically was 42 percent. Less than 50 percent of patients with Stage I and Stage II tumors survived ten years. Women survived longer after surgery than men. It was not possible to determine a biologic cure rate because postmortem data were not available.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Electronmicroscopy of the surface of Pasteurella haemolytica.

The surfaces of Pasteurella haemolytica, biotype A, serotypes 1, 2, 6, 7 and 9 and of P. haemolytica, biotype T serotypes 3, 4, 10 and 15 were examined by transmission electronmicroscopy with ruthenium red staining and polycationic ferritin labelling, by scanning electronmicroscopy, and by light microscopy. Electronmicroscopy showed that the surface of strains of P. haemolytica biotype A was covered by irregular protrusions which were probably capsular material. The surface and general morphology of P. haemolytica biotype T were distinct from those of biotype A.

Microscopy, Electron↗
PubMed1985

High school students' long-term retention of sex education information.

Ninth grade students in a rural South Carolina school were pretested about sexuality information, completed a 12-unit reproductive health course in eight months, and were posttested. A control group received the same pretest and posttest. Both groups were retested after the 10th and 11th grades and mean scores were calculated and compared. The difference between the experimental group's pretest and posttest mean scores was 8.49 (p less than .001); the difference between the control group's pretest and posttest mean scores was 1.0 (p = .003). The experimental group's mean score remained at least 5.2 points higher (p less than .001) than the control group's score on the same test one and two years after the course. Comparison of the mean gain between the pretest and posttest scores, and between the pretest and fourth test scores, confirmed the results obtained by mean test scores. The test scores indicated that the knowledge of the experimental students increased significantly and was sustained for two years. Their scores remained significantly higher than those of the control group on the posttest, and on tests one and two years later.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Seroepidemiology of Q fever among domestic animals in Nova Scotia.

We used the indirect microimmunofluorescence test to determine the presence of antibodies in sheep, cattle, goat, cat, and dog sera to phase I and II Coxiella burnetii antigens in Nova Scotia. Only 6.7 per cent of the 329 sheep tested had antibodies to phase II antigen and none had antibodies to phase I. Of 29 goats tested, 7 per cent and 3.5 per cent had antibodies to phase II and phase I antigens, respectively. In contrast, 23.8 per cent of the 214 cattle tested had antibodies to phase II antigen, and 24.2 per cent had antibodies to phase I antigen; 24.1 per cent of 216 cats tested had antibodies to phase II antigen and 6 per cent had antibodies to phase I antigen. None of the 447 dogs tested had antibodies detected. We conclude that cattle and cats may be reservoirs for human Q fever in Nova Scotia.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Socio-economic status, indoor and outdoor work, and malignant melanoma.

Among New Zealand non-Maori men, professional, technical, administrative and managerial workers had the highest incidence and mortality rates for malignant melanoma of the skin; labourers and workers in production and transport had the lowest rates. Reclassification of occupations, in terms of both socio-economic status and a three-step scale of outdoor exposure during work, suggested that differences between occupational groups were determined by differences in socio-economic status. Outdoor work exposure seemed to have little effect on the risk of melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Studies on strains of Pasteurella haemolytica not typable by the indirect haemagglutination test.

Thirty strains of Pasteurella haemolytica which were untypable by the indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test were examined serologically by rapid plate agglutination (RPA), agar gel diffusion (AGD), crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CCIE) tests. Nine serogroups were identified by CCIE. Serogroup specificity, dependent on two antigens, was present in heated saline extracts of cells. Single representative strains from two serogroups were not pathogenic for specific pathogen-free lambs.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Childhood cancer in New Zealand: incidence and survival, 1961-1976.

Mortality from cancer in New Zealand children is higher than in most other western countries. This paper reports an analysis of the incidence and survival of all cases of childhood cancer registered in New Zealand from 1961 to 1976. The overall incidence was very similar to that reported by American registries, but higher than in Britain. Survival rates in New Zealand for children with lymphoma and leukaemia were rather poorer than in Britain as a whole, and appreciably worse than in Manchester and in selected regions of the USA. For most other malignancies, survival rates were similar to those in Britain. Survival rates in New Zealand were improving during the period of this study. The possible advantage of centralising treatment was examined by comparing the survival of children treated in the largest centre (Auckland--with 32% of all cases) and in other parts of the country. Children treated in Auckland generally had a longer remission, but experienced no significant advantage in five-year survival. This lack of advantage was not due to referrals from outside the region or to differences in racial composition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Trends in malignant melanoma of skin in New Zealand.

Incidence and mortality rates for malignant melanoma of skin in the New Zealand non-Maori population over the past 30 years were analysed in relation to sex, age, birth cohort and time. In both sexes, the age-standardized incidence rates increased approximately exponentially with time, with an annual increment of 7.5%. The age-standardized mortality rates increased approximately linearly with time, resulting in a two- to three-fold increase over 30 years, as compared with an eight- to nine-fold increase in the incidence rates. Descriptive birth cohort analysis shows different patterns of increase for incidence and mortality rates. The main difference is that, whereas incidence rates have continued to increase in recent birth cohorts, mortality rates have stabilized. The explanation for this difference is uncertain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Rapid indirect hemagglutination test for serotyping Pasteurella haemolytica.

A modified indirect hemagglutination test which enabled Pasteurella haemolytica to be serotyped in 3 h is described. There was 100% correlation with the conventional test for both the 15 prototype strains and the 50 field isolates. It was found that nonviable cultures could also be serotyped.

Hemagglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Secreted collagen ratios in normal human and osteogenesis imperfecta skin fibroblasts.

We examined the effects of several variables on the ratio of type I:type III collagen secreted by human caucasian skin fibroblasts in normal and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) phenotypes. Isotopically labelled collagen extracted from fibroblast medium was analyzed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and identified by appropriate methods. Type I procollagen was the major form of collagen secreted into the medium by normal cells cultured from one mid-term fetus, infants (n = 3), children (n = 3), adolescents (n = 2), and adults (n = 3). Interstrain differences in collagen production under standardized conditions were significantly greater than intrastrain variation (anova, p = 0.0051). There was no significant alteration in the type I:type III collagen ratio due to variation in: phase of cell growth, doublings (between 13th and 22nd), rate of isotope incorporation, labelling time (24-72 hrs) in the presence of ascorbic acid (50 micrograms/ml), age of donor (with the possible exception of adolescence), and site of biopsy (genital and non-genital sites). Variable conversion of type I procollagen to collagen did not perturb the type I:type III collagen ratio. Cell strains from OI patients (Sillence classification): type I (one strain); type II, III and IV (3 strains each) had greater interstrain than intrastrain variation in the collagen ratio (p = 0.0149). Interstrain differences were greater in OI cell strains relative to normal cell strains (p less than 0.01). In the aggregate, OI cells had significantly lower type I collagen production relative to type III (I/III ratio = 1.18) when compared with normal cells (I/III ratio = 2.90; t test, p less than 0.0001). These findings imply abnormal synthesis, secretion or stability of type I procollagen and greater phenotypic heterogeneity in OI skin fibroblasts relative to normal cells.

Adolescent↗