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Biomedical subjects

J Faintuch

Publications and source records attributed to J Faintuch.

111 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of body composition changes during hemodialysis by bioimpedance analysis.

Monitoring of fluid exchanges during hemodialysis is essential for the safety and efficacy of the procedure. Bioimpedance analysis has been used for the measurement of body compartments in many settings, but experience during hemodialysis is relatively scare. In a prospective study of 28 cases of chronic renal failure treated by long-term hemodialysis on an outpatient basis, body composition studies were done immediately before and after the dialysis session. Methods included body weight, serum albumin, hematocrit, hemoglobin, sodium and osmolality. These variables were compared with impedance (BIA) findings, namely lean body mass, body fat, total water, extra and intra-cellular water, third space, and exchangeable sodium/potassium ratio. Patients lost weight and improved hematocrit, hemoglobin, osmolality and serum sodium during the therapy, and BIA measurements were consistent with these changes. Lean body mass and body fat markedly changed along the dialysis session (respectively -24.5% and + 7.5%), and these results were out of proportion regarding known gains and losses in that period. It is concluded that BIA was useful for monitoring water fluxes during hemodialysis, but provided unreliable information about body fat and lean body mass.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interest of conventional clinical, biochemical and bioimpedance measurements as indicators of mortality risk in critical patients.

Risk assessment is nowadays an essential part of the management of seriously ill subjects, and multiple scoring methods are available, based on single or preferably multiple determinations. Some of these protocols have been successfully used around the world, and they permit the prediction of outcomes in different clinical populations. However, many indices are labor-intensive or demand an expanded set of biochemical determinations, thus representing an economical burden. Aiming to evaluate the prognostic value of ordinary variables that are already present in the clinical observation, 50 consecutive patients admitted at the intensive care unit were prospectively documented. Methods included clinical (age, sex, stay in ICU, FIO2), biochemical (serum albumin, hemoglobin, glucose, creatinine, WBC count), and bioimpedance variables (resistance, reactance, body impedance coefficient). All these values were registered at admission and before discharge or death, and compared with survival rate. Initially only WBC count was significantly different in survivors, but ongoing documentation revealed that later on, four indices were endowed with prognostic impact: serum album, glucose levels, WBC count and FIO2 requirements. Organ or function-sustaining procedures were also associated with outcome, nominally mechanical ventilation, vasoactive drugs, and enteral/parenteral nutrition. Furthermore, patients submitted to two or three of these methods exhibited higher mortality than those receiving just one, with even better result for those not requiring any. It is concluded that observation of ongoing changes in conventional clinical variables available in the clinical chart are a valid means of estimating the mortality risk in critical cases.

Body Composition↗