Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J F Magny

Publications and source records attributed to J F Magny.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Clinical and anatomo-pathologic study of 59 cases of sudden infant death].

A proper organization has been set up at Antoine-Béclère's hospital in order to study the infants who died suddenly. Between July 1985 and July 1987, 69 cases (10 babies less than 1 week of age) were admitted. The purpose of this work was, for the 59 sudden deaths of infants aged more than 1 week (35 males, 24 females), to present the results of a definite protocol of investigation (past history, clinical examination, laboratory and pathological data) for determining either the etiology or the mechanism of these deaths. A thorough investigation was performed in 45/52 cases (no autopsy in 7 cases). A definite diagnosis was possible in 38/45: 13 viral infections, 5 gastro-esophageal reflux, 13 viral infections associated with reflux, 9 with an additional event (massive alimentary inhalation, slipping under blankets, major hyperthermia) to either a viral infection or a reflux, 1 cardiac malformation, 1 metabolic disorder, 2 accidents and 1 infanticide. With this protocol, 7/45 deaths remained unexplained. This medical approach of the problem of sudden deaths in infants is beneficial to the counselling of the parents and to the management of subsequent children.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1987

Phosphatidylglycerol in tracheal aspirates for diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease.

Lecithin:sphingomyelin ratio and phosphatidylglycerol were determined by a rapid, simple method in tracheal aspirates obtained from 132 newborn infants with respiratory diseases, sixty five of whom developed hyaline membrane disease. Phosphatidylglycerol determination was more sensitive (97%) than lecithin:sphingomyelin ratio, but their specificities were similar (76%).

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic activity of almitrine bismesylate in infants during the recovery phase following bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of almitrine bismesylate were studied in 6 infants (age 2.5-9.5/months) during the recovery phase following bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The infants did not require assisted ventilation, but needed oxygen therapy with an FiO2 of 25-30% in stable condition. One to three hours after a single oral dose of almitrine (1.5 mg/kg), there was a marked increase in transcutaneous PO2 (TcPO2) (mean 2kPa) followed by a regular decrease to the baseline level. Nine to fourteen days after repeated administration of almitrine (1.5 mg/kg/12 h) in 4 children, the mean gain in TcPO2 was only 0.85 kPa. There was a very early flagging in efficacy of almitrine, since none of the children could be weaned from oxygen therapy. The absorption peak occurred 1-3 h after the administration of the compound. The maximum almitrine concentration was 173 +/- 44 ng/ml; plasma clearance was 21.9 +/- 6.6 ml/min and the volume of distribution was 18.7 +/- 2.1 liters/kg. The drug was eliminated biphasically. In the 4 studies with repeated drug administration, the pharmacokinetic results suggested that a steady state was still not achieved after 9-14 days of treatment. These results and the absence of any sustained effect of repeated doses of the drug raise the problem of a particular type of almitrine metabolization in the infant.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative pharmacokinetics of fosfomycin in the neonate: 2 modes of administration].

In newborn, fosfomycin-cefotaxime in combination is more and more commonly used for the treatment of nosocomial infections. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in ten newborns in the aim of suggesting a therapeutic schedule of the fosfomycin. Each newborn received 200 mg/kg, intravenously twice a day. Two groups have been formed according to the time of perfusion: 2 h or 30 min. The study of pharmacokinetic parameters do not demonstrated significant difference between the two populations. In addition, residual serum concentrations, twelve hours after the administration, are greater than the minimal inhibitory concentrations of most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections in neonates.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Intravenous-intramuscular bioequivalency of ceftriaxone in newborn infants].

In 6 neonates over 7 days of life, comparison of maximum and residual serum concentrations of ceftriaxone after intra-venous or intra-muscular administration showed the bio-equivalence of both ways. In both cases a single daily injection obtained bacterial serum levels on most of the strains responsible for secondary bacterial infections in neonates.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1987

[Toxicity of oxygen and (Cu) superoxide dismutase and (Mn) superoxide dismutase in newborn infants with respiratory distress. Preliminary results].

Twelve premature newborns mechanically ventilated with high FiO2 for hyaline membrane disease were tested for SOD contents during their first two weeks of life. CuSOD and MnSOD were measured in plasma, platelets and red cells using a radioimmunology method. No correlation was found between FiO2 levels neither with CuSOD and MnSOD contents. Furthermore no correlation was found between the SOD contents, at birth, and the constitution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Our results don't prove any relationship between lack of SOD and BPD. BPD pathogeny is certainly plurifactorial. Other protecting systems against O2 toxicity are also known to play an important role.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMed1987

[Transfontanelle echography: correlation with anatomopathological data. Apropos of 39 cases in newborn infants].

Thirty-nine neonates including 29 prematures had correlation studies of trans-fontanelle ultrasounds with post-mortem anatomic findings. Occipital hyper-echogenicity can be physiological when it is symmetric in the premature infant, and may indicate ischemia and/or anoxia when it is asymmetrical. No abnormal pathology went undetected by echo. Cortical gyri were never seen prior to 32 weeks gestational age.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1987

[Post-transfusion hemolysis in premature infants. Apropos of 8 cases of post-transfusion hemolysis in premature infants].

Accidents related to blood transfusion have become rare in neonates, due to the application of very strict rules. The 8 reported cases of post-transfusion hemolysis occurred in prematures less than 32 weeks gestational age. Signs consisted of hemoglobinuria and/or severe jaundice. In some patients exchange-transfusion had to be performed. Immuno-hematologic, bacteriologic and technical investigations did not show the etiology of these accidents. No similar clinical reports were found in the literature. Some authors suggest a mechanical origin.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1987

[Maternal administration of indomethacin and neonatal tricuspid insufficiency].

The authors report the case of a neonate who presented since birth with refractory hypoxemia, peripheral edemas, ascites and pleural effusions. The mother had been given indomethacin for the 10 preceding days, in order to avoid premature labour. Echocardiography showed a tricuspid valve dysfunction with important regurgitation in the neonate. Under symptomatic treatment, clinical symptoms disappeared within 10 days. Echocardiography was normal by age 3 months. The responsibility of administration of indomethacin to the mother is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Apnea disclosing Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a premature infant].

The authors report a peculiar type of maternofetal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in a 34 week-premature neonate. The revealing sign was the occurrence, at age 11 days, of frequent apneas with bradycardia, needing mechanical ventilation associated with adapted antibiotic therapy for 14 days. Diagnosis was confirmed by the isolation of CT in tracheal secretions. Immediate evolution was favorable. Literature data are reviewed and a short epidemiological survey is reported.

Apnea↗
PubMed1986

[C-reactive protein and the diagnosis of neonatal infection. A retrospective study of 242 cases].

Serum C Reactive Protein (CRP) levels were measured in 242 neonates in whom materno foetal infection were suspected. In the 68 neonates in whom infection was proven, CRP levels were greater than or equal to 10 mg/l in 46 cases (68%). In the 154 neonates who were not infected, CRP levels were less than 10 mg/l in 132 cases (86%). In the 20 not infected neonates with positive peripheral samples for the same organism, CRP levels were less than 10 mg/l in 20 cases (100%). From these data, sensibility and specificity of CRP test for neonatal infection were respectively 67.6% and 85.7%.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1985

[Preventive treatment of jaundice in premature newborn infants with clofibrate. Double-blind controlled therapeutic trial].

A double blind therapeutic trial of ethyl clofibrate as a preventive treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates was performed in neonates of gestational ages ranging between 31 and 36 weeks. Forty-six children were given the treatment and 43 a placebo. A single 100 mg/kg dose of ethyl clofibrate was administered orally, between the 24th and the 48th hour of life. Significant results in the treated neonates are as follows: a lesser intensity of jaundice from the 48th hour of treatment; a lesser need for repeated bilirubinemia assay for the control of evolution and a lesser use of phototherapy if the serum concentration of clofibric acid is above or equal to the 140 micrograms therapeutic level before the 24th hour of treatment. The analysis of results also shows that the therapeutic clofibric acid serum level is reduced in 66% of neonates of relatively high gestational ages (34-36 weeks) and in 33% only of neonates of lower gestational ages (31-33 weeks). This study, added to the previous therapeutic trial performed in at term neonates, shows the efficacy of clofibrate in the preventive treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in preterm neonates. Further studies will allow to define the exact dosage according to gestational age.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1984

[Perinatal symptomatology of severe neuromuscular diseases. Apropos of 11 cases].

The neonatal diagnosis of neuro-muscular diseases is difficult. From a series of 11 neonates presenting with such diseases, ante and postnatal semiology has been studied. During pregnancy, hydramnios (7/11) and decreased active movements were the most frequent symptoms. Delivery was often dystotic (7/11). After birth, respiratory distress, lack of motility, hypotonia, and muscle and tendon retraction were the clinical manifestations (10/11). Knowledge of this semiology should facilitate the ante and postnatal screening of affected patients. The diagnosis depends on family history and, overall, on the results of muscle biopsy.

Biopsy↗