Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Etienne

Publications and source records attributed to J Etienne.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Bacteriologic study of 125 cases of streptococcal infectious endocarditis].

Streptococci remain the bacterial group the most frequently associated with microbial endocarditis. This paper points out the ability of the different species to cause endocarditis. 128 streptococci are isolated from patients with microbial endocarditis (127 from blood cultures, 1 from a valve). Isolates are speciated by biochemical tests and the determination of their group antigen. The viridans streptococci most frequently isolated are S. sanguis I (27 p. cent), S. mitis (16.5 p. cent) and S. sanguis II (9.6 p cent). A comparative survey of the results is rather difficult due to the methodological and taxonomical divergences.

Endocarditis, Bacterial↗
PubMed1981

Post-heparin lipolytic activity with no hepatic triacylglycerol lipase involved in a mammalian species.

It was found that lipolytic activity in bovine post-heparin plasma differed from that of other mammalian species by the fact that intravenous heparin induced the release of lipoprotein lipase but not hepatic triacylglycerol lipase. Initially, this fact was strongly suspected when no remaining lipolytic activity could be found after whole bovine post-heparin plasma had been tested with either 1 M NaCl or antiserum against lipoprotein lipase. This was further confirmed by using heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography when the entire lipolytic activity was eluted with 1.5 M NaCl but none with 0.4 or 0.7 M NaCl. The active fraction had lipoprotein lipase characteristics, i.e. it required serum activators to produce optimum activity and was fully inhibited by NaCl of high molarity and by anti-lipoprotein lipase antiserum. Neither the different doses of heparin nor the various times of sampling altered the results. This raises the question whether hepatic triacylglycerol lipase is absent from the bovine liver or whether this enzyme is present but cannot be released by heparin.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Clinical, cytological and biological study of the intra-vaginal administration of oestriol (Ortho-Gynest) in post-menopausal patients.

Although some well-defined conditions require a replacement oestrogen therapy, local trophic disorders associated with the decrease of oestriol concentrations after surgical castration or menopause are corrected in a very satisfactory way by local oestrogen therapy. An initial treatment with 0.5 mg oestriol per day for 3 wk followed by a 4-wk maintenance therapy of 2 pessaries per week (2 x 0.5 mg) brings about a clinical cure and normalization of the maturation index in more than 95% of the 48 patients with surgical or natural menopause who received this treatment. The authors insist on the efficacy of this therapeutic approach.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1981

[Distribution of glycoconjugates in the arterial wall following contact with alloplastic materials: morphologic study and biochemistry of glycosamino-glycurono-glycans].

The infrarenal aortas of dogs were replaced with Woven Dacron prosthesis for the purpose of studying the structural and molecular modifications of the arterial wall in contact with the prosthetic material. After removal, the graft and its host arteries were submitted to biochemical analysis of glycosamino-glycurono-glycans (GAG) and to morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biochemical results demonstrated that the tissues growing within the prosthesis had a similar composition to intimal-media layers of normal arterial walls, but had a different distribution, especially of hyaluronic acid whose anionic character is enhanced. In opposition the tissue surrounding the grafts had a distribution of GAG similar of cicatrization tissues. Nevertheless SEM studies of the internal surface of the grafts demonstrated only the presence of fibroblastic cells without endothelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[The abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in uremia. A study in 20 hemodialyzed patients (author's transl)].

The glucose tolerance and serum lipids pattern were studied in 20 hemodialyzed patients after 8 and 12 hours of fasting. They all were non-obese uremics under 40 years of age. The test was conducted according to the nutritional conditions of the protocol of de Gennes. Fasting hyperglycemia and an abnormal glucose tolerance test were observed in 75% of the patients. The basal serum insulin levels were increased in 80% of the cases. 40% of the population studied exhibited significant hypertriglyceridemia after 12 hours and 65% after only 8 hours of fasting. Thus, this protocol was useful for detecting abnormalities in the metabolism of triglycerides in hemodialyzed patients with few baseline disturbances. The normal levels of serum triglycerides at 12 hours could be explained by 1) the relatively young age of the population studied and 2) dialysis with glucose free solutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Phospholipase A2 activity in rat serum. Association of two proteins (author's transl)].

In the rat, blood coagulation is accompanied by activation of a plasma phospholipase A2 due to a factor contained in blood platelets and released in plasma by platelet lysis. This activity can be obtained in vitro by treating plasma devoid of platelets with a platelet lysate. The results reported in this communication show the activity of serum phospholipase to result from an association of two proteins, inactive when isolated, one originating from plasma, the other from platelets, which can be broken down by fractionation on a column of Blue Sepharose CL-6B.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Activation of blood phospholipases by proteins present in crude trypsin extracts].

Blood phospholipase activity in increased by crude trypsin (Sigma). This activity is not induced by trypsin itself but by some proteins contained in the extract and isolated from trypsin by G 75 Sephadex filtration. Purified trypsin or pure trypsin (Fluka, Merck, Boehringer) do not increase phospholipase activity.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1980

Purification of an anti-lipoprotein lipase antiserum.

Lipoprotein lipase is an enzyme difficult to isolate in pure form and, until now, the antisera prepared against it have not been monospecific. The present experiments show how a crude antiserum prepared with bovine milk lipoprotein lipase, can be made more specific through suitable adsorption. The crude antiserum was prepared by injecting milk lipoprotein lipase prepared by heparin Sepharose affinity chromatography. Immunodiffusion techniques indicated that the antiserum contained antibodies to proteins other than lipoprotein lipase (bovine milk and serum proteins) and that these antibodies could be eliminated by adsorption with bovine serum and a beta-casein preparation.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1980

[Lipoprotein lipase. Interest in clinical biochemistry (author's transl)].

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is an enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides especially VLDL and chylomicrons triglycerides. The measurement of LPL can be of interest in clinical biochemistry. There is no LPL in blood circulation, but it is possible to release it by heparin intravenous injection. However, heparin releases also other enzymes, particularly hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL). It is then post-heparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) which is determined. It is possible to measure separately LPL and HTGL, by using antibodies or inhibitors so chosen to be specific to one or the other enzyme. The main variations of LPL and HTGL in various diseases or treatments at present known are reported. LPL has also been recently involved in atherosclerosis pathogeny.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

[The abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in uremia. A study in 20 hemodialyzed patients (author's transl)].

The glucose tolerance and serum lipids pattern were studied in 20 hemodialyzed patients after 8 and 12 hours of fasting. They all were non-obese uremics under 40 years of age. The test was conducted according to the nutritional conditions of the protocol of de Gennes. Fasting hyperglycemia and an abnormal glucose tolerance test were observed in 75% of the patients. The basal serum insulin levels were increased in 80% of the cases. 40% of the population studied exhibited significant hypertriglyceridemia after 12 hours and 65% after only 8 hours of fasting. Thus, this protocol was useful for detecting abnormalities in the metabolism of triglycerides in hemodialized patients with few baseline disturbances. The normal levels of serum tryglycerides at 12 hours could be explained by 1) the relatively young age of the population studied and 2) dialysis with glucose free solutions.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMed1980

[Lipoprotein-lipase-activity in human milk (author's transl)].

Lipoprotein-lipase-activity has been determined in human milk between the 3rd and the 10th post-partum days in women from different ethnic origins. This activity is low in the colostrum, it increases at the 4th and 5th days and remains stable between the 6th and the 10th day. There are important variations of the LPL-activity from one woman to another. Two variation-factors have been noticed. The first is an ethnic factor. It is apparent event if the diet is exactly the same in all women. In the milk, indeed, the activity of French women is much lower. It is about three times less than the activity of Yugoslavian of African women. The second is the galactogenic powder that has been estimated by the natural duration of lactation. We can see that the activity of women, who have to stop breast-feeding because of insufficient milk, is lower than the activity of women who can decide how long they will breast-feed their child. We took as a hypothesis that the milk is a means of elimination for the mammary-LPL. This enzyme is supposed to have done first its physiological action at the surface of mammary glandular cells. Ours results show more facts in favor of this hypothesis.

Adult↗