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Biomedical subjects

J Edwards

Publications and source records attributed to J Edwards.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Distribution of virus structural proteins and protein-protein interactions in plasma membrane of baby hamster kidney cells infected with Sindbis or vesicular stomatitis virus.

The plasma membrane of baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells infected with either Sindbis or vesicular stomatitis virus was isolated by a technique involving the ingestion of latex beads by the cells. Plasma membrane isolated from Sindbis virus-infected cells contained only one (E1) of the three (E1, E2, and C) structural proteins of this virus. When the latex beads were pretreated with either polylysine or DEAE-dextran, plasma membrane obtained from Sindbis virus-infected cells contained all three structural proteins and PE2, a precursor to one of the structural proteins. In pulse-chase radiolabeling experiments with Sindbis virus-infected cells, it was possible to follow the appearance of the precursor protein (PE2) i the plasma membrane and its eventual conversion to E2. The appearance of Sindbis virus membrane proteins PE2 and E1 in the purified plasma membrane was not affected by the drug tunicamycin, an inhibitor of glycosylation. These experiments imply the following: (i) Cleavage of the Sindbis virus precursor polypeptide PE2 to E2 is not a prerequisite for its transport to the cell plasma membrane; (ii) transport of virus membrane proteins to the cell surface does not depend on glycosylation; and (iii) although all Sindbis virus structural proteins are associated with the plasma membrane, a generally accepted pairing of PE2-E1 or E2-E1 in the plasma membrane either does not exist or, if it does exist, involves a very weak interaction. The procedures used in this study also resulted in the successful isolation of plasma membrane from vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells containing the glycoprotein, the matrix protein, and the nucleocapsid protein, a result that suggests that these proteins are located on the media side of baby hamster kidney cells grown in monolayer.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Social isolation in lung cancer patients.

Lung cancer patients were found to score significantly higher on a social isolation scale when compared to a group of patients with other chronic lung diseases as well as to a control group of apparently healthy adults. Social isolation in lung cancer patients did not correlate with their apparent isolation, depression or with their physicians' estimations of their attitudes. Social workers involved in the care of lung cancer patients should be aware that these patients may be actually, if not obviously, socially isolated.

Depression↗
PubMed1980

Purpose of the medical encounter: identification and influence on process and outcome in 200 encounters in a model family practice center.

This study concerned two questions: Why does the patient come to the physician? And, how does patient-physician agreement as to the primary purpose affect the process and outcome of the medical encounter? Separate interviews of patients and physicians following 200 medical encounters revealed a preponderance of visits for continuing care, a paucity of visits for social and emotional problems, and a number of visits in which "concern" as the patient's primary purpose was misperceived by the physician. There was no statistically significant relationship when agreement (or lack of agreement) between patient and physician as to the purpose of the encounter was compared with patient age and sex, number of previous visits of the patient to the physician, and subsequent patient-physician agreement as to the diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and satisfaction. There was also no statistically significant relationship when patient-physician concordance as to visit purpose was compared with education level of the patient or with physician perception of the patient's intended compliance. In both concordance and non-concordance groups, physicians underestimated both patient satisfaction with the encounters and intended compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

From small acorns...branching out into an international appeal.

For some years now there has been a saddening but persistent shortage of kidneys with which to carry out kidney transplant operations. Author describes how youthful enthusiasm and administrative skills were marshalled to launch the world's first kidney donor appeal at the beginning of this month.

Health Education↗
PubMed1979

Characterization of DNA damages by filtration through nitrocellulose filters: a simple probe for DNA-modifying agents.

A simple technique for the detection of DNA-modifying agents is described. The double-stranded covalently closed circular DNA of phage PM2 is exposed to the modifying agent and then analysed for DNA damages by assays involving only incubation steps and filtration through nitrocellulose filters. The technique described allows the measurement of DNA modifications which lead to local denaturation of the DNA double helix, interstrand cross-links, single- and double-strand breaks, damages which render the phosphodiester bonds of the DNA sensitive to hydrolysis and damages which labilise the glycosylic bond between base and sugar moiety.

DNA, Circular↗
PubMed1979

Controlled trial of cimetidine in upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

One hundred and one patients were studied in a double-blind controlled trial to assess the role of oral cimetidine in preventing the continuation or recurrence of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage from various sources, chiefly peptic ulcer. The dose of cimetidine was 800 mg on entering the study followed by 400 mg six hourly. The source of bleeding was identified endoscopically in 96% of patients, peptic ulcer comprising 70%. Bleeding continued or recurred in 11 of 51 (21.5%) of patients on cimetidine and in 12 of 50 (24%) of patients on placebo. Analysis of the effect of cimetidine according to age or severity of bleeding showed no significant advantage for the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-dried aortic elastin.

As part of a larger project aimed at claryfying some of the uncertainties that exist concerning the structural basis for an explanation of the mechanical behaviour of elastin, an examination was made of purified porcine aortic elastin under the scanning electron microscopy. In order to avoid structural changes caused by impregnation with organic solvents, specimens were prepared directly from their water-saturated state by either air-drying of freeze-drying processes. Comparison of the results obtained by these techniques demonstrates that freeze-drying of elastin has the advantage of enhancing fine detail, minimizing distortion and reducing specimen shrinkage.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Response of the human eye to laser irradiation of the iris.

Irradiation of the iris of glaucoma patients with either a ruby or an argon laser caused no obvious disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier (as visualised by fluorescein angiography), in contrast to a sudden and pronounced effect in the rabbit eye. Only a low and variable increase in intraocular pressure occurred in the human subjects after the laser irradiation in comparison with a consistently high rise of ocular tension in the rabbit. This investigation indicates that the human eye is much less responsive to injury.

Aged↗