Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J E Mitchell

Publications and source records attributed to J E Mitchell.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Peptides and feeding.

This report reviews the hypothesis that peptides play a role in appetite modulation, stressing that the available evidence is predominantly pharmacological and thus caution needs to be taken in assigning physiological significance at this time. Two peptide systems have been postulated--a peripheral satiety system, typified by the gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin and a central feeding system driven by the opioid peptides and neuropeptide Y. This review also discusses the putative role of peptides in the anorexia of aging, drinking elicited by feeding and as mediators of the autonomic effects seen in association with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Characteristics of 275 patients with bulimia.

The authors present data on 275 patients who met DSM-III criteria for bulimia. The mean age of the patients was 24.8 years, and the average duration of illness was approximately 7 years. These patients reported a variety of abnormal eating-related behaviors: binge eating (100%), self-induced vomiting (88.1%), laxative abuse (60.6%), diuretic abuse (33.1%), and chewing and spitting out food (64.5%). Over one-third reported a history of problems with alcohol or other drugs and most indicated substantial social impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Clinical characteristics of hospitalized psychotic patients who refuse antipsychotic drug therapy.

Thirty psychotic patients who refused antipsychotic medication were compared with 30 patients matched for age, sex, treatment ward, commitment status, and diagnosis who consented to drug treatment. Refusers were no more assaultive or combative than consenters; they were less often diagnosed as having schizophrenia and more often diagnosed as having bipolar or schizoaffective illness. A comparison between 17 of the least symptomatic refusers and 17 of the most persistent refusers showed that persistent refusers were more likely to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia; least symptomatic refusers were more often diagnosed as having affective disorders or schizoaffective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Affective disorder and substance abuse in women with bulimia.

One hundred and eight women with bulimia were evaluated for affective disorder and alcohol or drug abuse, by means of the DSM-III diagnostic criteria. In this sample, 43.5% had a history of affective disorder and 18.5% had a history of alcohol or drug abuse. Approximately 56% of the bulimia patients scored within the moderate to severe range of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1984

A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of amitriptyline in bulimia.

Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by a pattern of episodic binge-eating. Patients with this eating disorder frequently demonstrate depressive symptoms when seen for evaluation. A familial association between bulimia and affective disorders has also been suggested. The authors report a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of amitriptyline hydrochloride in a series of 32 female outpatients who satisfied DSM-III criteria for bulimia. The results of this study indicated that amitriptyline hydrochloride at a dosage of 150 mg at bedtime had significant antidepressant activity in this group of patients. Patients in both the placebo and active drug group also received a minimal behavioral treatment program in addition to drug therapy. Both groups demonstrated considerable improvement in eating behavior. The magnitude of this improvement was dramatic and not anticipated. The drug was well tolerated and was not associated with weight gain or increased carbohydrate craving.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Eating disorders: a variant of mood disorders?

Symptoms of mood disorders, particularly depression, are frequently associated with both anorexia nervosa and bulimia although the nature of this relationship is unclear. This article reviews the relevant studies in this area and examines evidence for two hypotheses regarding the relationship between mood disorders and eating disorders.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1984

The interruption of bulimic behaviors. A review of three treatment programs.

This article reviews three programs for treating bulimic behaviors. Although the structures of these programs differ considerably, all are geared to an outpatient approach and stress patient education, behavioral self-monitoring, and healthy eating behaviors. The programs described demonstrate a heavy reliance on behavioral treatments including cognitive restructuring, emphasis on individual patient responsibility for progress in treatment, and an expectation for success by supportive therapists and by patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The dexamethasone suppression test in patients with bulimia.

In a series of 28 patients with bulimia who did not meet weight criteria for anorexia nervosa, 14 (50%) failed to suppress on the dexamethasone suppression test. Nonsuppression was not associated with degree of depression, body weight, or severity of abnormal eating-related behaviors. However, nonsuppression was associated with a higher rate of treatment for affective disorders in first-degree family members. The utility of the DST as a biologic marker for affective disorder in patients with bulimia is questioned, although a substantial level of depressive symptomatology was documented in patients with bulimia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Electrolyte and other physiological abnormalities in patients with bulimia.

The frequencies of various forms of eating-related behaviour (such as vomiting and laxative abuse) are reported for a series of non-anorectic bulimia patients seen for evaluation in an eating disorders clinic. The results of serum electrolyte, glucose and other screening tests in these patients are presented. Electrolyte abnormalities were found in 82 of the 168 patients (48.8%) who were diagnosed as having either bulimia or atypical eating disorder. The most common abnormality was metabolic alkalosis (27.4%); hypochloremia (23.8%) and hypokalemia (13.7%) were also commonly seen. No significant blood sugar abnormalities were encountered. An elevated serum amylase level was found to be associated with frequent binge-eating and vomiting behaviour. The pathophysiology of electrolyte abnormalities in this patient group is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Antidepressant drug therapy and sexual dysfunction in men: a review.

Medical literature concerning sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant drug therapy in men is reviewed. Available information consists mainly of individual case reports or small series of cases. A complicating factor in understanding this area is the lack of sufficient information concerning sexual dysfunction associated with depression. Both erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory problems have been reported with the use of the clinically available antidepressants. No single agent seems to be implicated more frequently than the other drugs. Changes in libido have also been reported. The authors found no reported cases of priapism, which has been reported as a side effect of antipsychotic therapy.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1983

Metabolic and endocrine investigations in women of normal weight with the bulimia syndrome.

Bulimia is a disorder characterized by episodes of binge-eating. Patients with this problem consume large amounts of food when binge-eating and, subsequently, to avoid weight gain, usually self-induce vomiting or induce diarrhea with laxatives. Metabolic and endocrine investigations in six bulimic subjects of normal weight are reported. Normal fasting plasma glucose concentrations and glucose tolerance were present in all. Five subjects had normal serum T4 and T3 concentrations. Only one subject had depressed serum T4 and T3 concentrations and this subject had a normal serum TSH level. Menstrual irregularities were present in all patients and, in three, were associated with modestly elevated serum prolactin levels. In four subjects there was an abnormal increase in serum growth hormone following TRH administration and in three, growth hormone failed to suppress normally after oral glucose. Two subjects were found to have a hypokalimic metabolic alkalosis, presumably due to vomiting. Urinary 17-OH steroid excretion and urinary concentrating ability were normal or nearly so in all subjects.

Adult↗