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Biomedical subjects

J E Fowler

Publications and source records attributed to J E Fowler.

138 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Studies of introital colonization in women with recurrent urinary infections. X. Adhesive properties of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis: lack of correlation with urinary pathogenicity.

The ability of a bacterial strain to adhere to the vaginal mucosa and the mucosa of the urinary conduits seems to be important in the pathogenesis of urinary infection. Bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells was measured in vitro for 37 strains of Escherichia coli and 18 strains of Proteus mirabilis isolated from the anus, bladder and renal pelvis. No correlation could be demonstrated between the adhesive properties of a bacterial strain and its clinical pathogenicity, suggesting that host factors determining bacterial adherence are more important than bacterial adhesive factors in determining susceptibility to urinary infections.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1978

The renal perfusion/excretion determination renogram: a new method of individual renal function determination in obstructive renal disease.

The divided renal function of 10 patients with unilateral renal obstruction was measured with the renal perfusion/excretion determination renogram, a computerized radioisotope function study, and with endogenous creatinine clearances. Functional impairment of the obstructed kidney when estimated by the effective renal plasma flow determination of the renal perfusion/excretion determination renogram correlated closely with that measured by creatinine clearance. The clinical applications of the renal perfusion/excretion determination renogram in unilateral renal obstruction include the preoperative evaluation of individual renal function and serial estimates of individual renal function in chronic obstructive processes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Studies of introital colonization in women with recurrent urinary infections. VIII. The role of bacterial interference.

The non-pathogenic aerobic bacteria in 97 quantitative introital cultures from 11 women with documented recurrent bacteriuria were compared statistically to those in 100 quantitative introital cultures from 10 control women with no history of bacteriuria. The colonization incidence of the non-pathogenic organisms was not statistically different for the 2 groups, except for gamma hemolytic Streptococcus (p equals 0.002). No strongly significant correlations were demonstrated between the colonization incidence of Enterobacteriaceae or enterococci and the colonization incidence of the common non-pathogenic organisms, when analyzed for the bacteriuric and control groups or when analyzed for the individual cultures of each subject. A quantitative analysis of the 197 individual cultures failed to establish correlations between the presence of the common non-pathogenic organisms and Enterobacteriaceae or enterococci. The susceptibility of the vaginal introitus to colonization by urinary pathogens cannot be explained by interrelationships between these pathogens and the normal aerobic vaginal flora.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1977

Renal vein thrombosis: diagnosis by B-scan ultrasonography.

The substantial morbidity associated with renal vein thrombosis dictates early diagnosis and therapy. While acute renal vein thrombosis may present with symptoms and radiographic features suggestive of venous thrombosis the findings in chronic renal vein thrombosis the findings in chronic renal vein thrombosis are often non-specific. A case of acute renal vein thrombosis is reported in which thrombus in the inferior vena cava was visualized with B-scan ultrasonography. Since nearly 50% of the reported cases of renal vein thrombosis are associated with thrombosis of the inferior vena cava, B-scan ultrasonography may provide a simple method of early diagnosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Studies of introital colonization in women with recurrent urinary infections. VII. The role of bacterial adherence.

The susceptibility of the vaginal introitus to colonization by enterobacteria appears to be the biologic defect that separates women who experience recurrent urinary infection from those resistant to recurrent infection. Colonization of a mucosal surface is mediated in part by the ability of an organism to adhere to the surface. We describe an in vitro model that measures the capacity of different bacterial species to adhere to human vaginal epithelial cells. Different bacteria are demonstrated to vary in their adhesive properties. Escherichia coli is shown to adhere more readily to vaginal cells from women with recurrent urinary infection than to similar cells from control women resistant to urinary infection (p less than 0.001). These studies suggest that biologic susceptibility to recurrent urinary infections in women is related to a defect at the cellular level that encourages or favors bacterial adherence.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of an EMG biofeedback relaxation program on the control of diabetes: a case study.

It was hypothesized that EMG biofeedback relaxation training, applied to a diabetic patient, would result in a decreased level of insulin with fewer episodes of ketoacidosis. A 20-year-old female, diabetic since age nine, kept daily records of insulin doses and rated herself on an emotionality and a diabetic scale. A full-semester baseline was taken. This was followed by a semester-long training program during which the patient practiced relaxing her frontalis muscle with a portable EMG feedback unit which produced a geiger-counter-like click feedback. A cassette-tape series was used along with the portable EMG. The patient was encouraged to practice twice each day and to attempt to maintain a relaxed state even when not in the practice situation. The daily use of the portable unit was terminated at the end of the semester. In addition, the patient ceased practicing twice daily with the cassette tape. Daily insulin averaged 85 units for the six-week baseline and 59 for the final six weeks of the training period. Moreover, at the end of the training period the average dose had reached 43 units. During the training period the patient rated herself as decreasing in emotionality and in diabetic fluctuations.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Studies of introital colonization in women with recurrent urinary infections. VII. The role of bacterial adherence.

The susceptibility of the vaginal introitus to colonization by enterobacteria appears to be the biologic defect that separates women who experience recurrent urinary infection from those resistant to recurrent infection. Colonization of a mucosal surface is mediated in part by the ability of an organism to adhere to the surface. We describe an in vitro model that measures the capacity of different bacterial species to adhere to human vaginal epithelial cells. Different bacteria are demonstrated to vary in their adhesive properties. Escherichia coli is shown to adhere more readily to vaginal cells from women with recurrent urinary infection than to similar cells from control women resistant to urinary infection (p less than 0.001). These studies suggest that biologic susceptibility to recurrent urinary infections in women is related to a defect at the cellular level that encourages or favors bacterial adherence.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1975

Percutaneous nephrostomy: techniques, indications, and results.

During the past six years at our institution, percutaneous nephrostomy has been utilized for temporary diversion of the upper urinary tract in 33 patients and 42 individual kidneys. Two techniques are described, one of which has been developed recently by one of us (A.R.G.). Indications and results, including complications, are discussed. In our experience this procedure has been found to be safe and highly useful in the management of selected patients who have unilateral or bilateral urinary tract obstruction from a variety of reasons.

Adolescent↗