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Biomedical subjects

J E Fowler

Publications and source records attributed to J E Fowler.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Treatment experience with nonseminomatous testicular cancer in patients with stage II and stage III disease.

Thirty-eight patients with nonseminomatous testicular cancer were treated with cis-platinum, bleomycin, and vinblastine in combination without a prolonged maintenance phase. Twenty-Six patients with Stage III disease were treated. Seventy-six percent of those patients treated achieved complete remission. At a median survival time of 30 months, no patient who achieved a complete remission has relapsed. Twelve Stage II patients given adjuvant therapy remain free of disease at a median time of 23 months. Markedly elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and massive disease were common findings in the patients who did not achieve complete remission. One drug death occurred secondary to sepsis. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were significant dose-limiting factors in this group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The incidence and extent of pelvic lymph node metastases in apparently localized prostatic cancer.

Pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in 300 patients with apparently localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Pelvic lymph node metastases were identified in 119 patients (40%) and in 35 of these cases (29%) the metastases involved a solitary lymph node. The incidences of metastases for clinical stage B1, B2 and C tumors were 7, 43, and 60%, respectively. The extent of the metastases in terms of the number and distribution of the involved nodes correlated directly with the clinical stage of the primary tumor. The incidences of metastases associated with well-differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated tumors were 27, 45, and 70%, respectively. The degree of tumor differentiation, however, had no apparent impact on the incidence of metastases among patients with clinical stage B1 and C neoplasms. Since tumor stage, tumor grade, and pelvic lymph node metastases have each been demonstrated to be of prognostic significance in prostatic cancer, the status of the pelvic lymph nodes should not be considered an isolated prognostic parameter in patients with otherwise localized prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Prospective study of intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide in treatment of suspected early interstitial cystitis.

The efficacy of intravesical instillations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the treatment of suspected early interstitial cystitis was investigated in a prospective study. Among 20 patients treated, complete symptomatic remissions were achieved in 3, partial symptomatic remissions were achieved in 16, and 1 had no symptomatic improvement. However, functional bladder capacities following treatment were increased by more than 25 per cent in only 4 cases. Among 16 patients who experienced symptomatic remissions and who have been followed for greater than or equal to four months, 14 had sustained remissions (mean follow-up eleven months) and 2 had unsustained remissions. Clinically apparent toxicity was minimal but transient elevation of the serum lactic acid dehydrogenase was occasionally observed during treatment. DMSO appears to be useful in the management of carefully selected patients with suspected early interstitial cystitis.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1981

The response of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate to exogenous testosterone.

In a retrospective review the response of 67 patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate to the administration of exogenous testosterone was analyzed. Among 52 patients in whom objective and/or subjective responses were evaluable 45 experienced unfavorable responses. There was prompt regression of most unfavorable responses with testosterone withdrawal. The duration of treatment required to evoke an unfavorable response was related to the clinical status of the patient. Twenty-five per cent of patients with symptomatic metastases who had received no prior treatment, 36 per cent in symptomatic remission after endocrine therapy and 94 per cent with symptomatic relapse after endocrine therapy experienced unfavorable responses within 30 days of treatment. No patient had objective evidence of tumor regression during testosterone therapy but 7 patients, 6 with remission and 1 untreated, experienced symptomatic benefit. We conclude that the response of patients with metastatic prostate cancer to exogenous testosterone is related to the mass and endocrine treatment status, and that exogenous testosterone can stimulate prostatic neoplasms that proliferate in the absence of normal endogenous testosterone levels.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy: observations on the accuracy of staging with lymph node frozen sections.

The accuracy of intraoperative frozen section examination of excised lymph nodes was analyzed in 40 consecutive patients with clinical stages A2, B1 and B2 adenocarcinoma of the prostate who underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy immediately before anticipated radical prostatectomy. Lymph node metastases were observed with frozen sections and verified with paraffin sections in 5 cases (13 per cent). Among the 35 patients with negative frozen sections lymph node metastases were found with paraffin sections in 3 cases (9 per cent). Despite the potential for false negative findings we believe that intraoperative frozen sections constitute a practical method of pathologic staging prior to radical prostatectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

End-to-end transureteroureterostomy: a report of 2 cases.

We report on 2 patients with extensive unilateral ureteral lesions and defunctionalized contralateral ureters who were treated by end-to-end transureteroureterostomy. Favorable results were achieved in both cases. Prolonged periods of ureteral non-function do not appear to be a contradiction to this procedure.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1980

Mini-dose heparin therapy in pelvic lymphadenectomy and 125I implantation for localized prostatic cancer.

A retrospective comparison of patients undergoing pelvic lymphadenectomy and iodine-125 implantation for localized prostatic cancer was undertaken. A control group of 276 patients was compared with 105 patients in a mini-dose heparin group. No protective benefit in the prevention of thromboembolic events was demonstrated. Operative and postoperative complications are reviewed.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1980

Experience with serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin in non-seminomatous testicular tumors.

Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin were used in the management of 50 consecutive patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. Of the 50 patients 36 had clinical or pathologic documentation of malignancy at some time during their treatment and 34 of these patients (94 per cent) had elevated levels of 1 or both of the markers. The marker(s) was elevated before lymphadenectomy in 9 of 15 patients (60 per cent) with clinical stage A or B disease wh had not been cured by orchiectomy. Among patients with pathologic stage B disease elevated marker levels before or after lymphadenectomy were of no prognostic significance. All of the patients with stage C disease had elevated marker(s) and the effectiveness of chemotherapy in destroying measurable disease generally was reflected in the marker levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Critical appraisal of routine supraclavicular lymph node biopsy in staging of testicular tumors.

Supraclavicular lymph node biopsy was performed as a staging procedure in 36 patients with germ cell tumors of the testis and nonpalpable supraclavicular nodes. Of 28 patients with clinical Stage A or B disease, 1 patient (4 per cent) was found to have supraclavicular metastases. Of 8 patients with clinical Stage C disease, 2 (25 per cent) had supraclavicular metastases. The apparent infrequency with which subclinical supradiaphragmatic disease is documented with this procedure and the current use of adjuvant systemic therapy in patients with pathologic Stage B nonseminomatous tumors suggest that supraclavicular lymph node biopsy should be abandoned as a routine staging procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Complications of 125iodine implantation and pelvic lymphadenectomy in the treatment of prostatic cancer.

The operative, postoperative and late complications experienced by 300 consecutive patients who underwent 125iodine implantation and pelvic lymphadenectomy for localized prostatic cancer were analyzed. Of the patients reviewed 68 per cent had clinical stage B lesions, while 32 per cent had clinical stage C lesions. The incidence of intraoperative complications was 6 per cent. There were 2 postoperative deaths and 23 per cent of the patients had postoperative complications. Of 177 patients followed postoperatively for 6 months or more (mean 29.3 months) late morbidity was experienced by 49 (28 per cent). The incidence of impotence in 109 patients who were potent preoperatively and who were followed for a minimum of 15 months was 7 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Sterlizing and packaging males of Anopheles Albimanus Wiedemann for field release.

Technology was developed for sterilizing and packaging as many as 1 million male Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann per day for field release. The average sterility produced in the males during a 1.5-year period was 98.9%. Mortality due to transport of the males in specially developed cages averaged 4.5% for 72-hour-old adults and 2.5% for 24-hour-old adults. The average mortality due to transport and field exposure of pupae was 1.2 to 9.8%, depending on the technique used.

Animals↗