Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Dumas.
Three cases of retinal detachment associated with renal insufficiency are presented. The authors feel that dilutional hyponatremia and hypervolemia were not significant in the genesis of the detachments and that control of the blood pressure was the key factor in their cure. The importance of hypertensive retinochoroidopathy in the pathogenesis of the detachment is emphasized.
Thirty-three cases of retinal detachment following hockey injury were seen during a 15-year period at the retina clinic of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal. Most injuries occurred in adolescents, the average age being 18 years. The mean interval between injury and preoperative examination was 3 years. Almost half of these young hockey players remained legally blind in the affected eye even after a successful operation. A helmet with a protective face visor is suggested as the best prevention against severe ocular damage such as retinal detachment.
Simulated gastric cancers in rats have been realised by implantation of walker tumour with three different methods. The best results are obtained with the injection of 0,1 ml of tumour cells suspension in the antral wall. With this method, no important trauma is done to the antral wall, and percentage of tumour implantation in antral wall is high (84%).
Four nonmyopic eyes in three patients developed retinal detachment after strabismus surgery. Certain features common in all four eyes included the presence of a chorioretinal scar corresponding in location to the muscle operated on, proliferating fibrous tissue adjacent to the scar, and varying degrees of vitreous hemorrhage. These findings were similar to those in retinal detachments after perforation of the eye by foreign bodies. Penetration of the globe by the needle during muscle surgery was considered the etiologic factor. The use of spatula needles to prevent piercing of the globe is suggested, and in case such accident is suspected, diathermy or cryoapplication over the perforation site is advised.
The effects of normobaric and hyperbaric hyperoxia (short and long time) have been studied on the pyloric antrum motility of the rabbit. The results show the absence of effect of normobaric oxygen in short application (twenty to thirty minutes), but its inhibiting effect on the pyloric antrum motility in long time application. The hyperbaric hyperoxia slows down the frequency of the pyloric antrum contractions so much more the pression is higher. This effect is independant of the speed to which the pression is set up, and also of the moment of day where the experiment is done.
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