Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Dumas.
The authors analyse the pathophysiology of pseudo-tumours of the female urethra and present the clinical signs and diagnostic traps associated with these lesions. Treatment is essentially medical by means of a combination of anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory agents and local oestrogens.
Evidence is presented that Achromobacter iophagus produces two distinct collagenases. Achromobacter collagenases A and B were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography from partially purified enzyme. The main collagenase, A (EC 3.4.24.8), which has been already described, was eluted in the region of molecular mass 110-90 kDa. A minor collagenase B eluted in the region of 320 kDa, although in SDS-gel electrophoresis the apparent molecular masses of its main active forms were estimated as 55 and 110 kDa. The specificities of collagenases A and B are different. Collagenase A splits in its synthetic substrate Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-DArg the bond Leu-Gly, collagenase B does not split this substrate. Both collagenases split bonds Gln-Gly and Leu-Gly in synthetic peptides DNP-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly-Gln-DArg-OH and DNP-Pro-Leu-Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly-DArg-NH2, respectively. Collagenase B is twice as active as A on the native collagen type I. Both enzymes are inhibited by EDTA. The antibodies raised against the human tooth collagenase specifically inhibited the collagenase B, but did not influence the activity of collagenase A. These results indicate, to our knowledge for the first time, an immunological relationship between a bacterial and a vertebrate collagenase.
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"The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent the major socio-political events to the last sixty years (the crisis of the 1930's, the second world war, etc.) have influenced the behavior of Canadians towards (first) marriage. The results of period as well as cohort analysis lead to the conclusion that, while these events did not significantly affect the ultimate (at age 50) frequency of first marriages among generations, they however had a marked impact on the timing of marriage, and therefore on the period measures." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)
Fifty-six patients with presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome who exhibited a disciform macular detachment or macular scar in one fundus and one or more inactive atrophic lesions within the high-risk area of the second eye were seen at the Retina Service of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, between 1972 and 1984. All 56 were followed for at least 10 months. Of the 56, 28 had received prophylactic argon laser photocoagulation of the inactive chorioretinal lesions. The rate of activation of the lesions was similar in the treated and untreated groups (10/28 over a mean follow-up period of 44.2 months and 11/28 over a mean period of 43.2 months respectively). In the untreated group there was an increased risk of activation with a higher number of lesions (t = 2.386). In both groups the risk of activation increased with the proximity of the lesions to the centre of the fovea (chi 2 = 29.97). Of the 10 treated eyes that showed activation, 4 did so within 1 month, which suggests that prophylactic photocoagulation may not be without risk of complications.
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"This paper starts by putting the present fertility decline experienced by many industrialized countries, in a global prospect of social evolution, and shows to what extent this decline is a new phenomenon. Using a so-called 'infernal' scenario, wherein Canadian fertility continues to fall, the author then emphasizes that society would have at its disposal a remarkably long delay for bending the path leading to extinction, although some forces may also lead to an acceleration of the demographic decline." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a rare cause of infection in humans. It has been mainly reported in cases of endocarditis and destructive periodontal disease. This report describes the case of a 51-year-old female who had an acute onset of anterior iridocyclitis, followed by the appearance of a white nodule on the lens and subsequent involvement of the vitreous. The course of the disease was long and insidious. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was isolated from 3 of 26 blood cultures drawn over a period of 40 days, and also from the vitreous. The patient had been suffering from periodontal disease for 3 months prior to her admission. Only two cases of endophthalmitis presumably caused by this organism have previously been reported, but the organism has never been recovered from the eye. This report presents the first case of culture-proven Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endophthalmitis following destructive periodontal disease.
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A collagenase cleaving native type I [14C]collagen but inactive against the synthetic substrate Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-D-Arg was extracted from mineralized human dental tissue. The enzyme specifically degrades native collagen into characteristic products (3/4) and (1/4). Its apparent molecular mass of 68 kDa is relatively high in comparison with collagenases from other oral tissues. The enzyme is a metalloproteinase inhibited by low concentrations of the chelating agents EDTA, 1, 10-phenanthroline, alpha alpha'-dipyridyl, and not affected by diisopropylfluorophosphate, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and p-chloromercuribenzoate. It is stable to lyophilization and can be stored at-20 degrees C for at least 6 months.
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"Marriage being a recurrent event, it is important to analyse separately marriages and remarriages, because the unions they create have different characteristics. The author proposes five patterns of marriage, based on the various combinations between the previous matrimonial status of the spouses, and for each of them, he analyses the distribution according to the age of husband and wife." The data are from official Canadian sources. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)
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It is well documented that patients with preexisting renal dysfunction are at increased risk of having nitrofurantoin-induced peripheral neuropathy develop. A diabetic patient whose condition was controlled by diet alone had peripheral neuropathy develop four days after starting nitrofurantoin therapy for the treatment of a urinary tract infection.
Bilateral retinoblastoma was diagnosed in a 12-month-old boy. The left eye was enucleated; the choroid and the optic nerve were not invaded by the tumour. The right eye had three lesions: one was photocoagulated, and the other two were irradiated. Two years later, symptoms and signs of intracranial hypertension prompted computerized tomography, which demonstrated a mass in the pineal region and secondary hydrocephalus. The right eye showed papilledema but no evidence of tumour activity in the three retinal scars. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy had only a transient effect, and the child died at 42 months of age. At autopsy the pineal region and the third ventricle were found to be replaced by a pinealoblastoma with retinomatous differentiation. Only 11 other cases of pinealoblastoma associated with bilateral (heritable) retinoblastoma have been reported. The embryologic relationship between the pineal gland and the retina has given rise to the concept of trilateral retinoblastoma, a concept important in the investigation and follow-up of patients with bilateral retinoblastoma.
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By the use of differents resistance capacity (RC) values (0,3, 0,7, 1, 3, 6 and 7 s.) during bipolar recordings of digestive electromyogramme in chronically implanted dogs, it has been shown that the RC incidences were:--an increase of the slow wave potential amplitude, the optimale value of the RC was 3 sec;--the detection with long RC (1, 3, 6 and 7 S.) of a slow post-potential at the antral level. But there is no effect of the RC on the slow wave duration and on the spikes potentials caracteristics (amplitude-duration number). When the interval between the two active electrodes is increased (0,5 to 63 cm) the slow wave amplitude is enlarged; the best results on the slow wave amplitude are obtained with an electrode-interval of 7 to 8 cm. In cases of an important interval between two active electrodes (8, 16, 32, 63, 190 cm), the slow wave frequency at an intestinal level is dependent of the upward electrode. The spikes potentials are affected by electrode interval enlargement, and are dependent of the contractil events which can appear under each separated electrode.