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Biomedical subjects

J Dry

Publications and source records attributed to J Dry.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Immediate hypersensitivity to latex: a new problem. Future perspectives].

From a series of 30 cases of immediate allergy to the latex of Hevea Brasiliensis, the authors recall the principal clinical aspects of these allergies, specially contact urticaria (during the use of surgical or cleaning gloves) and systemic anaphylactic accidents, essentially the anaphylactic shock during surgical procedures. They mention the diagnostic procedures; skin tests and measurement of specific IgE (RAST). They show the interest of biological research, yielding to the identification of the allergens of the latex in order to obtain non allergenic latex. Such a result would be of interest to limit the number of the accidents in a period where the use of rubber protective material is much larger/gloves and condoms).

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1989

[Immediate allergy to latex. 12 cases].

Immediate hypersensitivity to latex is now well known. Contact urticaria is the most common manifestation, sometimes associated with rhinitis, asthma or a generalized rash. Atopy and frequent contact with latex favor sensitization. Anaphylactic shock is to be feared in sensitized patients during contact with latex, especially in peroperative situations (latex surgical gloves), as in the 12 cases reported. The shock is unusual in its delayed appearance and its progressive course. Positive skin tests to latex, the presence of specific IgE antibodies and negative skin tests to anesthetics confirm the diagnosis. However, the latex allergen has not yet been identified. Due to the increasing use of protective rubber (gloves, condoms, etc), the frequency of latex sensitization should increase. Systematic screening during history taking will be important before treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Serum sickness with acquired precipitating antibodies during rush immunotherapy (2 cases).

Serum sickness can be induced by several heterologous proteins. Two patients undergoing rush immunotherapy developed clinical symptoms of serum sickness. One patient received a mite and grass pollens mixture and the second patient a wasp and yellow-jacket venoms mixture. Precipitating antibodies against some allergens used for immunotherapy were found in their serum during the disease but not in the sera drawn before immunotherapy and two and three months after. Pathologic findings showed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Pathogenesis of this complication is discussed.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

[Skin tests and chymopapain-specific immunoglobulins E after chemonucleolysis].

Skin tests (prick tests) with chymopapain were performed on 3 groups of patients: 75 patients awaiting chemonucleolysis with chymopapain (group I), 42 of these 75 patients 2-3 weeks after chemonucleolysis (group II), and 60 atopic patients suffering from asthma and/or rhinitis with positive skin tests to at least one of the airborne allergens (group III). A positive skin test was found in one patient of group I (1.33%), one patient of group III (1.7%) and 11 patients of group II (26.2%). Thus, sensitization to chymopapain is not more frequent among atopic patients, and chemonucleolysis has a highly significant (P less than 0.001) sensitizing effect. Chymopapain-specific IgE's were found in one out of 75 patients (1.33%) before, and in 14 out of 45 patients (31%) after chemonucleolysis; the difference was significant (P less than 0.001). Concordance between skin tests and specific IgE's reached the 74% level. Our results are consistent with those of the literature. They show that prick tests with a 10 mg/ml solution of chymopapain constitute, for the time being, a simple, reliable and cheap method for detecting subjects at risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Reproducibility of intradermal tests after anaphylaxis caused by muscle relaxants].

Intradermal tests with 5 muscle relaxants were performed on two occasions in 56 patients who had experienced an adverse event during general anaesthesia: anaphylactoid reaction with at least one positive test 19.5 +/- 13.5 months previously in 50 cases; adverse reaction unrelated to muscle relaxants and with negative tests 21 +/- 6.4 months previously in 6 cases. Sixteen healthy subjects who had never been tested served as controls; their tests were all negative. The reproducibility of 244 assessable tests in the 56 patients reached 88.1%. Twenty-three (9.4%) of the tests previously positive had become negative and six (2.5%) of the tests previously negative had become positive. Tests performed with pancuronium or vecuronium had more often become negative (47% and 40% respectively) than those performed with the other 3 muscle relaxants tested (P less than 0.001). These results suggest that skin tests should be repeated prior to general anaesthesia in all patients who previously developed an anaphylactoid reaction to muscle relaxants.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparative pharmacokinetics of intravenous propranolol in obese and normal volunteers.

Plasma pharmacokinetics of a single IV dl-propranolol dose (8 mg) were investigated in 12 obese subjects (mean +/- SD: 110.3 +/- 20.4 kg; 198.7 +/- 32.5% of ideal body weight) and compared with those of 12 healthy subjects (66.7 +/- 6.8 kg; 94.5 +/- 7.8% of ideal body weight). In obese subjects plasma alpha-1 glycoprotein acid concentrations and propranolol protein binding capacity did not differ significantly from control subjects. When compared with controls, obese subjects showed a significant increase (P less than .01) in AUC (161.0 +/- 67.0 vs 109.6 +/- 23.1 hr.micrograms/L), and significant decreases (P less than .01) in Vss (208.9 +/- 71.9 vs 318.6 +/- 91.8 L), V beta (234.3 +/- 70.4 vs 340.7 +/- 89.1 L), and total clearance (57.5 +/- 18.3 vs 75.9 +/- 15.4 L/hr). Elimination half-life was similar for the two populations (3.5 +/- 0.9 hr in obese subjects vs 3.1 +/- 0.9 hr in controls). Therefore, neither lipophilicity of propranolol nor drug plasma protein binding can explain these data. Altered hepatic function and tissue blood flow in obese subjects are proposed as an explanation for the decrease in total clearance and volume of distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Human basophil degranulation test in liver hydatidosis.

Upon exposure to a specific antigen, granulation of basophils bearing IgE disappears. The aim of this study was to assess the human basophil degranulation (HBD) test with hydatic antigen in 100 patients. Seventy patients were clinically suspected of having liver hydatidosis (LH) (group I). Eight patients had asymptomatic hepatic calcifications. Twenty-two patients had previous surgery for LH (group III). In group I the percentage of HBD was significantly higher in patients with LH (23 of 70) than in patients with other hepatobiliary diseases (P less than 0.001). In group II all patients had negative HBD tests. In group III the test became negative within 8-12 months after radical surgery in four patients, and remained positive in the other 18. These results suggest that the HBD test is useful for the diagnosis of LH. In asymptomatic patients with hepatic calcified cyst, a negative HBD test suggests a dead parasite. In previously operated patients, a positive test suggests persistence of antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Whole blood and plasma histamine in common migraine.

Whole blood and plasma histamine levels were measured in 27 non-medicated patients with common migraine. In nine cases blood was drawn 1-2 h after the onset of a migraine attack. The whole blood histamine levels of migraineurs and controls did not differ significantly. In contrast, histamine levels were significantly increased in plasma from patients both during and between migraine attacks, as compared with controls (p less than 0.001). Finally, plasma taken from migraine patients induced a significantly greater release of histamine from control whole blood than did plasma taken from control subjects (p less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Prick tests in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis to general anaesthetics.

Pre-charged prick tests and intradermal skin tests (two dilutions) were tested simultaneously in 79 patients using seven drugs (suxamethonium, gallamine, alcuronium, pancuronium, vecuronium, fentanyl and thiopentone) commonly administered during general anaesthesia. Fifty-seven of the patients had suffered anaphylaxis to anaesthetics: 50 had been tested previously (19.5 +/- 13.5 months) by intradermal tests (group 1) and seven were tested for the first time (group 2). Six patients had suffered a side effect during anaesthesia which was unrelated to anaesthetic agents (group 3) and 16 were control subjects (group 4). Prick and intradermal skin tests were simultaneously positive in 98 instances out of 553 (17.7%) and negative in 440 out of 553 (79.6%)--a correlation of 538 out of 553 (97.3%; P less than 0.001). In groups 1, 2 and 3 the correlation was 426 out of 441 (96.6%; P less than 0.001). In group 1, a correlation was observed between the diameters of the weals (r = 0.5; P less than 0.001) obtained by prick and intradermal skin tests, and between the diameters of the flares (r = 0.5; P less than 0.001).

Adult↗