Demonstration of normoblasts in tissue sections by means of an immunohistochemical technique for haemoglobin.
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Bone Marrow Cells↗
Biomedical subjects
J Crocker
Publications and source records attributed to J Crocker.
A quantitative study of eosinophil polymorphs in Hodgkin's disease.
Eosinophil polymorphonuclear leucocytes (polymorphs) were counted in 45 specimens from patients with Hodgkin's disease and five specimens from patients with reactive follicular hyperplasia. The use of chlorazol fast pink BK, a little known stain for eosinophil polymorphs, combined with image analysis facilitated rapid and reliable counting. Significant differences were found between the mean percentages of eosinophil polymorphs in the Rye subtypes of Hodgkin's disease. The numbers of eosinophil polymorphs in specimens from patients with reactive follicular hyperplasia were very low and could not be counted.
Adolescent↗
A quantitative study of mast cells in Hodgkin's disease.
Mast cells were counted in 45 specimens from patients with Hodgkin's disease and in five lymph nodes showing follicular hyperplasia. A consistent finding was that of few mast cells in the lymphocyte depleted and lymphocyte predominant Rye subtypes of Hodgkin's disease and in the mixed cellularity variant; however, mast cells were much more prevalent in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease and in the hyperplastic nodes. The mast cells were selectively stained by means of the astra blue technique.
Cell Count↗
Histiocytic and dendritic reticulum cells shown by a zinc iodide-osmium technique.
Structures corresponding to histiocytic and dendritic reticulum cells have been shown in human tonsillar tissue, "reactive" lymph nodes and spleens by means of a zinc iodide-osmium technique. These cell types have been shown in various locations in these tissues using paraffin and resin embedded sections produced after fixation/staining of the tissue in zinc iodide-osmium. The quality of morphology attained by this procedure is much improved compared with the demonstration of the two cell types by means of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reactions performed on frozen sections. The zonal architecture of the lymphoid follicle is emphasised by this technique. In lymph nodes, sinus lining cells are also shown. Lymphoid cells, polymorphs, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells are negative with the zinc iodide-osmium method. In addition, interdigitating cells are not stained. The results of this procedure are compared with those with those of other methods for the demonstration of histiocytic and dendritic reticulum cells.
Cytological Techniques↗
Value of factor VIII related antigen as a means of demonstrating extramedullary megakaryopoiesis.
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Antigens↗
Demonstration of eosinophil polymorph granules in sections of paraffin- and methacrylate-embedded tissue: a new method.
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Azo Compounds↗
Synthesis of cathepsin B by cells derived from the HL60 promyelocytic leukaemia cell line.
Cells of the human promyelocytic HL60 line were induced to differentiate into granulocyte-like cells with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) or macrophage-like cells with 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The synthesis of Cathepsin B by these cells was studied by immunoperoxidase staining and assay of cell lysates using the fluorimetric substrate benzoyloxycarbonyl-phenylanalyl-arginine-4-methyl-7-coumarylamide. Only 2-5% of the uninduced HL60 cells and DMSO-induced cells were immunohistochemically positive for Cathepsin B, compared with over 80% of the TPA-induced cells. Cathepsin B activity was lowest in the lysates of uninduced HL60s. DMSO-induced cells contained 1.5-2-fold the enzyme activity of HL60s and TPA-induced cell lysates demonstrated 5-14-fold the activity of uninduced HL60s. Induction of Cathepsin B synthesis was therefore associated with differentiation of the promyelocytes into cells of the monocyte/macrophage type, but not granulocyte-like cells. Cathepsin B was located immunohistochemically in human palatine tonsils. The enzyme was only demonstrated within macrophages in these tissues. Cathepsin B may therefore be a useful immunohistochemical marker for malignant and nonmalignant cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage.
Cathepsin B↗
Depression, social comparison, and the false-consensus effect.
In general, people perceive high consensus for their own attributes (i.e., the false-consensus effect). Depressed and nondepressed college students were asked about the extent to which depression-relevant and depression-irrelevant attributes were true of themselves and true of the "average college student." Subjects were also asked questions assessing the accuracy of their perceptions of others. Depressed subjects showed less false consensus than nondepressed subjects. Although depressives characterized themselves as dissimilar to others, they showed no consistent bias to depreciate themselves relative to others. Nondepressives, on the other hand, consistently enhanced themselves relative to others, although the magnitude of their self-other differences was smaller than that of depressives. Interestingly, the tendency to depreciate themselves relative to others on negative depression-relevant items was a better predictor of severity of depression than self-perceptions or other perceptions alone. Findings regarding the accuracy of perceptions of others were mixed. The study is discussed in terms of its implications for the false-consensus effect, depressive attributional style, nondepressive self-serving biases, and therapy for depression.
Depression↗
Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome complicating long-term mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil therapy for gastric carcinoma.
Three cases of acute renal toxicity in patients receiving long-term therapy with mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil are reported. Two of the patients (1 and 3) are from a multicentre trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma. All three cases showed extensive fibrin deposition in the kidneys and lungs, the appearances of the renal lesions being similar to those seen in the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. Two of the three cases had received blood transfusions, and attention is drawn to the possibility that mitomycin C may sensitise the kidneys to minor mismatches. With the increasing use of these antimitotic agents, great vigilance should be exercised with regard to renal function and haemolytic status.
Adult↗
Study of nuclear sizes in the centres of malignant and benign lymphoid follicles.
The sizes of follicle centre cells in 15 specimens of follicular (centroblastic-centrocytic) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 15 specimens of reactive follicular hyperplasia have been measured. The findings differ from previous studies, where nuclei of cells from follicle centres and interfollicular areas were measured and revealed no significant difference between follicular lymphoma and reactive follicular hyperplasia. In the current study, by measuring only follicle centre cell nuclei, it has been found that, in reactive follicular hyperplasia, the mean nuclear maximum diameter (Dmax) and area are significantly greater than in centroblastic-centrocytic follicular lymphoma. In addition, the standard deviation of these data is greater for reactive follicular hyperplasia than follicular lymphoma, implying greater "scatter" or heterogeneity of the nuclear sizes in the follicle centre cells of the former than the latter. Thus, the size of these cells appears to be of value as an histological discriminator between these benign and malignant conditions.
Cell Nucleus↗
A comparative study of nuclear form factor, area and diameter in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and reactive lymph nodes.
The mean nuclear area, maximum nuclear diameter (Dmax) and form factor (FF) have been measured in 30 specimens of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 10 reactive lymph nodes, using the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO3 image analyzer. Nuclear area and Dmax were found to be greater in high-grade NHL than in low-grade lymphomas and reactive nodes. In addition, there was close correlation between nuclear area and Dmax, especially for low-grade NHL and reactive specimens. As a means of distinguishing between high- and low-grade lymphomas, however, the FF appears to be of little value.
Cell Nucleus↗
The form factor of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and reactive lymph nodes.
The shape of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-positive cells (other than T lymphocytes) has been measured in 40 lymph nodes. The specimens comprised 15 high-grade lymphomas, 15 low-grade lymphomas and 10 reactive lymph nodes. The parameter used for the measurement of shape was form factor (FF), which is readily calculated by the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO3 user-controlled image analyzer. Perfectly round cells have an FF value of 1.0, whereas the FF of irregularly-shaped cells diverges from unity. It has been demonstrated that the ANAE-positive cells in high-grade lymphomas have mean values for FF of 0.8-0.9, whereas in low-grade lymphomas and reactive nodes the mean value is 0.4-0.5. Thus, high-grade lymphomas contain many more rounded ANAE-positive macrophage type cells than do low-grade lymphomas and reactive nodes. In the latter two types of specimen there is an excess of branching and spindle-shaped ANAE-positive cells.
Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases↗
A quantitative study of the size of benign and malignant lymphoid follicles.
The mean areas of lymphoid follicles have been determined in 20 specimens of malignant follicular (centrocytic-centroblastic) lymphoma, 15 specimens of reactive follicular hyperplasia and 10 palatine tonsils. In all of the benign specimens and whenever possible for those showing malignancy, the areas of both the whole follicles (including the "mantle" zones) and of the follicle centres were measured; this procedure was facilitated by means of the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO3 image-analyser. Reactive lymph nodes were found to have larger mean follicle areas than centrocytic-centroblastic lymphomas; the areas of reactive follicles also show greater variation than do those of their malignant counterparts. In addition, the "mantle" zone is usually absent from malignant follicles but may account for up to 65.5% of the mean total follicle size in reactive lymph nodes and tonsils.
Adolescent↗
Cathepsin B-like cysteine proteinase activity in sputum and immunohistologic identification of cathepsin B in alveolar macrophages.
Cathepsin B-like cysteine proteinase activity was measured, using a fluorimetric assay, in sputum samples from 27 subjects with chronic obstructive airways disease. Thirteen of the subjects had a current acute respiratory infection. Enzyme activity was detected in 11 of the 13 infected and 12 of the 14 noninfected samples. The mean cathepsin B activity observed in the infected samples was significantly greater than that of the noninfected samples. Most of the cathepsin B-like activity in sputum represented enzyme in free solution but a small proportion appeared to be complexed with alpha 2-macroglobulin. Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsin B in human lung tissue sections detected the enzyme only within macrophages.
Cathepsin B↗
The T lymphocyte content of the efferent lymphatics of the human palatine tonsil.
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Adolescent↗
A quantitative study of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and reactive lymph nodes.
The numbers of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-containing cells (other than T lymphocytes) in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and reactive lymph nodes have been counted, using the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO3 user-controlled image analyzer. Twenty specimens of NHL and ten reactive nodes were examined. Cells were demonstrated by their content of acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) in fixed frozen sections. It was found that lymphomas of high-grade malignancy contained much larger numbers of ANAE-positive cells (10.8-20.5%) than those of low-grade malignancy (1.4-4.1%). The number of ANAE-positive cells (1.4-3.2%) in reactive lymph nodes was similar to that in low-grade NHL nodes.
Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases↗
A quantitative study of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells in Hodgkin's disease.
The numbers of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-positive cells (other than T cells) have been counted in 32 specimens of Hodgkin's disease and two specimens of histiocytic lymphoma. The different Rye subtypes of Hodgkin's disease contain varying numbers of enzyme-positive cells, ranging from 1.8-16% in the lymphocyte-predominant form to 39.8-47% in lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin's disease. The percentage of enzyme-positive cells in the mixed cellularity variety was from only 6.5 to 14.6%. In the two specimens of apparently genuine histiocytic lymphoma, the enzyme-positive cells constituted 95.2 and 97.5% respectively of all cells. Thus, the numbers of macrophages and macrophage-like cells in true histiocytic lymphoma are much greater than in Hodgkin's disease.
Adolescent↗
Study of nuclear diameters in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
The mean maximum nuclear diameter (D(max)) in 21 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been determined, using the Reichert-Jung (Kontron) MOP-AMO(3) user-controlled image analyser. Nuclear diameters of high-grade malignancy NHL were found to be considerably greater than those of low-grade malignancy lymphomas, although there was some overlap of their ranges. These findings confirm objectively subjective estimates of nuclear size in NHL. The relative usefulness of the user-controlled (interactive) image analyser for the measurement of nuclei in tissue sections is compared with that of a fully automatic machine.
Cell Nucleus↗