Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Colin.
In a double-blind, randomized trial 52 patients with superficial herpes simplex keratitis were treated with a new antiviral compound, acylclovir (ACV) 3% ointment, or with idoxuridine (IDU) 0.5% ointment. No statistically significant difference was found in the number of patients cured with either drug, but healing was achieved more rapidly with ACV than with IDU.
Clinical resistance of herpetic keratitis to antiviral agents constitutes one of the reasons for failure of treatment after their administration. A retrospective study of 42 cases of superficial herpetic keratitis resistant to IDU, IDU and IDC, and Ara-A demonstrated that in 2 out of 3 cases this resistance appeared in patients previously treated locally with antiviral compounds for anterior ocular lesions. Patients resistant to IDU were then treated with Ara-A, and those not responding to Ara-A, with TFT. Resistance may be observed following this new treatment during the subsequent relapses.
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The antiviral activity of a new antiherpetic compound called acycloguanosine was compared to the activity of 0.12 per cent idoxuridine against a superficial herpes simplex keratitis in the rabbit, using a multiple microinoculation technique. The results of the acycloguanosine group were better than the other group. No toxic side effects could be detected by slitlamp examination.
Arabinosyladenine (Ara-A) is an antiviral compound employed for ophthalmological lesions in the form of a 3 p. cent ointment. This purine nucleoside has been shown to possess antiviral activity against several ADN viruses, including herpes simplex virus, but it is ineffective against ARN viruses. Its action in superficial herpetic keratitis is comparable with that of idoxuridine, tolerance to the two compounds being almost identical. Ara-A is of value for treating superficial keratitis lesions not responding to idoxuridine. The weak intra-ocular penetration of Ara-A explains its lack of efficacy in stromal keratitis and herpetic kerato-uveitis, forms in which certain analogues of Ara-A could be beneficial.
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A case of ocular infection due to adenovirus type 19 is reported. The patient developed a bilateral keratoconjunctivitis with preauricula nodes and a mild general malaise. The virus was isolated from both eyes; serological tests carried out on the serum of the patient were compatible with the diagnosis.
The authors relate the specular microscopy study of 19 penetrating keratoplasties. Seven of them were associated with an intra-ocular lens. The mean cell density is 1 100 cells/SQ. MM. The endothelial cell density does not differ in the two series. One graft remains clear with 330 cells/SQ. MM.
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