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Biomedical subjects

J Clancy

Publications and source records attributed to J Clancy.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The familial prevalence of anxiety neurosis.

A family history study of 112 anxiety neurotics and 110 surgical controls showed that the morbidity risk for anxiety neurosis among first-degree relatives of neurotics was 18% compared to 3% among control relatives. Relatives of anxiety neurotics were also shown to be at higher risk for the development of alcoholism. Female relatives were found to be at greater risk than male relatives, reflecting their increased susceptibility to the illness. These data confirm previous findings of an increased familial prevalence of anxiety neurosis.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Secondary depression in anxiety neurosis.

Forty-four per cent of 112 patients with anxiety neurosis reported episodes of depression during the course of their illness compared with only 7 per cent of surgical controls. Although the majority developed in response to environmental circumstances and were of brief duration, they commonly led to psychiatric treatment or hospitalization in this group of patients. Patients who developed this complication were shown to have a more chronic and severe underlying illness.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1977

The dying role: its relevance to improved patient care.

Society is failing to meet the obligation it has to its dying members. Persons with terminal illnesses suffer isolation and neglect in hospitals, receive overzealous treatment by physicians, and are kept in ignorance of their situation by families and medical personnel. Evidence for these statements has come from observers of the medical care system and from dying patients themselves (Kübler-Ross, 1969; Reynolds and Kalish, 1974; Sudnow, 1967); In the nineteenth century it was common for persons to die in the familiar environs of their homes, surrounded by grieving families from whom they parted in a meaningful manner (Blauner, 1966). Dying persons of today no longer fill a well-defined social role. Instead, the distinction between the roles of sick and dying persons has been lost and, in the resulting confusion, the care of dying people has suffered. The purpose of this article is to clarify the distinction between the dying and sick roles, identify the signs of existing role confusion, suggest ways in which this confusion may be corrected, and show how reestablishment of the dying role can result in improved care of dying people. The important part physicians play in defining sick and dying roles will be emphasized.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Growth of a heterologous tumor cell line in neonatal rats with graft-versus-host disease.

The ability of a hamster tumor cell line (T20) to grow and exhibit type H virus particles was significantly enhanced in neonatal DA rats with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Tumor growth peaked on days 4 and 7 in control littermates receiving adult syngeneic cells or no cells at birth, respectively, and then subsequently disappeared. However, tumor nodules in animals with GVHD became significantly larger than those in controls by day 7 and continued to grow until death. In addition, a marked plasma cell infiltration was noticed in such rapidly growing tumors from animals with GVHD only. In the light of previous studies, evidence is discussed for an environment within animals with GVHD conducive for tumor cell growth because of a depletion of T-cell areas within their tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The locus of unique green in deuteranomalous trichromats.

A method of color naming was used to determine the spectral locus for unique green (UG) as it was perceived by 20 color normals and 24 deuteranomalous trichromats. The loci for the normal group were distributed bimodally, as earlier investigators had reported, and a bimodal distribution was also found for the deuteranomalous group. In the latter group, UG was located at long wavelengths only by those who had been classified as mild deuteranomals according to several clinical criteria. Those who located UG at shorter wavelengths included individuals whose defects ranged from mild to severe. This result is discussed in the context of theories of deuteranomaly and is presented as further evidence for the existence of 2 types of deuteranomaly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The level of FC receptor leukocytes in primary and secondary skin allograft recipients.

DA (Ag-B4) rats were grafted with allogeneic Lewis (Ag-B1) skin on the region of the thorax drained by the left brachial and axillary lymph nodes. A DA isograft was placed on the right side of the thorax. From 1 to 14 days after grafting the rats were either given injections of colloidal carbon, killed, and spleen and lymph nodes were assayed for noncarbon-containing Fc rosette-forming leukocytes (RFL), or allowed to complete rejection of the graft. In order to assess secondary allograft rejection within the latter animals after the grafted areas was healed, a second Lewis allograft was placed in the same region as the first and another DA isograft on the right side. Compartmental Fc RFL were enumerated 2 to 16 days thereafter by rosette formation with erythrocyte-antibody. The regional lymph nodes of animals rejecting a primary allograft exhibited a significantly (P less than 0.05) higher level of Fc RFL compared with their contralateral controls. These higher levels were evident on days 6 to 8 and disappear by day 10. However, animals undergoing a secondary allograft response exhibited significant differences by day 4. A greater density of Fc RFL were also evident in cryostat sections of the graft bed of allografts as opposed to isografts.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

3H-deoxythymidine incorporation in graft-versus-host disease in the Norway rat. I. Liquid scintillation studies.

Graft-versus-host-disease was produced in newborn Brown Norway (BN) rats with an intravenous (iv) injection of adult allogeneic Lewis (L) lymph node cells (experimental) and the response was compared to littermates injected with adult syngeneic BN cells (control). By 4 days the reaction in the spleen of experimental animals was such that the spleen index was 1.70 and 2.58 on day 7, and continued to increase until death. A one hour iv pulse of tritiated deoxythymidine (3HdT) administered to experimental and control animals revealed a whole organ peak incorporation of 3HdT on day 6 in experimental spleens. A second larger peak occurred on day 10 in the experimental spleen as compared to a single peak at days 6 or 7, respectively, in the experimental mesenteric and combined superficial lymph nodes. However, analysis of the incorporation of 3HdT with respect to organ weight revealed a peak incorporation in animals receiving L cells on day 4--6 with a second smaller peak on day 10 in the experimental spleen and again a single peak on day 5 or 6 in the lymph nodes. Total 3HdT incorporation within both experimental lymph node compartments became less than controls by day 15 even though experimental nodes had a larger mass. 3HdT incorporation per milligram tissue weight decreased in all tissue compartments of experimental animals by day 13--14. The contribution of donor and host cell proliferation to the various peaks observed is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

3H-deoxythymidine incorporation in graft-versus-host disease in the Norway rat. II. Autoradiographic studies.

A sequential analysis was made of various areas within the lymph nodes and spleen of newborn Brown Norway (BN) rats suffering from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) subsequent to an allogeneic injection of adult Lewis (L) lymph node cells (experimental). One micron thick autoradiographs were compared between such experimental and control littermates having received the same number of syngeneic adult BN cells. Both experimental and control animals received tritiated deoxythymidine (3HdT) one hour before killing. The autoradiographs revealed a 2.25 and 2.50 times higher thymidine labeling index of lymphocytes in the deep cortex of mesenteric lymph nodes and white pulp of the spleen, respectively, for experimental animals. The experimental effect occurred within one day. The majority of the labeled cells in experimental animals were large lymphoblasts with prominent nucleoli. The labeling index within these areas remained significantly higher than control values until day 8 in the spleen and through day 14 within the lymph nodes. However, differences in labeled cells present in high powered microscopic fields reached a peak on day 3 within compartments in experimental animals but fell significantly below control values by day 9 owing to a pronounced disappearance of both small and large lymphocytes from these areas, and a decreased intensity of individual cell labeling as the reaction progressed. In contradistinction the concentration of labeled cells present in high powered microscopic fields of lymph nodes' medulla became 3.13 times controls by day 4. Most of these labeled cells contained a more basophilic cytoplasm than those found in the deep cortex and some were distinctly plasma cell precursors. In contrast to the deep cortex their concentration remained approximately three times control values until death. The data indicates that the major proliferative events within the spleen and lymph nodes in neonatal rat GVHD are initially restricted to donor cell localization areas of these tissue compartments. Subsequently the GVHD-related events may be attributed to other areas and possibly cell types. Thus any proliferation contributing to splenomegaly in the latter stages of GVHD appears to occur in the red pulp and that contributing to lymph node enlargement a medullary response.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Anxiety neurosis: a 5-year follow-up.

Fifty-seven patients who were seen on a psychiatric consultation service and who met criteria for the diagnosis of anxiety neurosis were followed up after 5 years. These patients presented symptoms from a variety of organ systems and appeared typical of anxiety neurotics seen in general medical practice. A favorable outcome was demonstrated in 67 per cent who were either recovered or mildly impaired. Women showed a more favorable outcome than men. Among men, age at the time of consultation was positively correlated with the degree of impairment after 5 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Self-training of new eating behavior for weight reduction.

The problems of obesity are well documented, but few medical treatment programs have proven successful. Recently developed behavioral techniques have offered promise in the treatment of obesity. However, the time invested by a therapist limited their practical use and adoption by the general physician. A pilot study was conducted which employed a brief period of explanation of behavior modification techniques, development of an individualized program of eating behavior and recording of weight changes to provide feedback on progress. The program is carried out by patients at home with a minimum of physician supervision. The results indicate that such an approach is feasible and successful. Comparing this program to other programs is difficult because of the variability in reporting data and results.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effect of neonatal rat graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) on Fc receptor lymphocytes.

The level of Fc receptor rosette-forming lymphocytes (Fc-RFL) was examined in spleen and lymph node cell suspension from neonatal DA and BN rats inoculated within 24 hr of birth with either allogeneic L (experimental) or syngeneic (control) lymphoid cells. In addition, these levels were compared to fetal and neonatal animals that received no injection. The indicator cells (EA) were sheep erythrocytes sensitized with one-half concentration of the highest dilution of rabbit anti-sheep erythrocyte IgG(A) which agglutinated an equal amount of 1% suspension of E. Care was taken to exclude scoring macrophages by injecting colloidal carbon at least 1 hr before killing the test animals. The spleen of 19-day DA fetal rats exhibited a level of 19.3% Fc-RFL, similar to that of animals having received adult syngeneic cells at birth (40.0%) by day 7. Thereafter the level of Fc-RFL did not vary appreciably between these two groups. However, as early as 2 days after inoculation there was a significantly greater number of Fc-RFL in the spleen of experimental DA neonates compared to controls. The lymph nodes of experimental animals did not exhibit a significantly greater number of Fc-RFL until day 6 with both tissue compartments peaking at day 10 and remaining significantly higher than controls until death. In neonatal BN animals significantly higher levels of Fc-RFL in experimental animals were not evident as early and peaked later (day 12) in both tissue compartments but again these differences remained until death. Cytotoxic alloantisera demonstrated that on days 6, 10, and 12 most, if not all, of the Fc-RFL were host in origion in both DA and BN GVHD, with a very significant host plasma cell response in such GVHD animals. One-micron tissue section revealed the presence of a great number of plasma cell especially prominent in the medulla of lymph nodes with the cortex of lymph nodes and white pulp of the spleen markedly depleted of lymphocytes indicative of cytotoxicity.

Animals↗