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Biomedical subjects

J Chapman

Publications and source records attributed to J Chapman.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Immunocompetent cells of the chicken. I. Specific surface antigenic markers on bursa and thymus cells.

Specific antisera to chicken thymus and to bursa of Fabricius were obtained in rabbits. After appropriate absorption and dilution all four anti-thymus sera, in the presence of guinea pig C', killed >90% of thymus and <==12% of bursa cells. They were cytotoxic for approximately 50% of spleen cells and did not affect antibody-forming cells. The surface antigen detected by these antisera was named chicken T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA). Two of four anti-bursa sera, under similar conditions, killed >90% of bursa cells and <==10% of thymus cells. These antisera were cytotoxc for a large percentage of antibody-forming cells and killed approximately 30% of spleen cells The other two anti-bursa sera were somewhat less potent but showed similar specificity. The surface antigen detected by these antisera was named chicken bursa-derived lymphocyte antigen (CBuLA). Rabbit antisera to chicken immunoglobulin were cytotoxic for bursa but not for thymus cells and killed a similar percentage of spleen cells as did anti-bursa sera. They were also cytotoxic for antibody-forming cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Myringoplasty.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunization with cholinergic cell bodies induces histopathological changes in rat brains.

We have previously shown that sera from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) contain antibodies to the cell bodies (perikarya; PK) of purely cholinergic Torpedo neurons, and that repeated immunization of rats with this neuronal preparation for over a year induces learning and memory impairments. In the present study, we examined the brain morphology of cholinergic PK immunized rats relative to controls. Immunohistochemical studies of the brains of these rats revealed the accumulation of IgG in specific areas, such as, the hippocampus. Parallel histochemical studies demonstrated significant changes in the hippocampus, and in white matter areas. They included large vacuoles and necrotic nuclei in the granular layer of the dentate gyrus, tangle-like appearance in some pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus, and vacuolar degeneration accompanied by oligodendroglia hypertrophy in white matter tracts, such as, the corpus callosum and fimbria. In contrast, immunization with Torpedo cholinergic nerve terminals, that has no cognitive effects on the rat, also did not induce brain morphological changes. These findings suggest that the learning and memory deficits induced by immunizing rats with cholinergic PK are related to the observed brain morphological changes, and support the hypothesis that the antibodies to cholinergic neurons found in the sera of AD patients may play a role in neuronal degeneration in this disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents in off-service rotations: plastic surgery.

This is the fourth article in a continuing series on objectives for emergency medicine training; plastic surgery objectives will be presented. Plastic surgery topics overlap many in emergency medicine. Specific behaviorally based objectives for mastery of skills in plastic surgery are outlined. Specific references are provided for additional information and reinforcement in skill mastery. The basic concepts of plastic surgery are probably best learned by observation and supervised performance. Specific objectives provide guidance and direction for the didactic as well as the supervised experiences in skill mastery. These objectives provide a structure for systematically learning and mastering the content presented on a plastic surgical rotation or experience in emergency medicine training.

Education↗
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Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents on off-service rotations: dermatology.

This is the fifth in a continuing series of objectives to direct resident training in emergency medicine. Approximately 50% of resident experience and training in emergency medicine takes place outside of the direct control and influence of full-time emergency medicine faculty. To gain some direction and control over these off-service rotations, objectives and references are offered here. Objectives for a dermatology rotation as well as contents and references are presented.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents on off-service rotations: orthopedics.

In this third article in a continuing series on objectives for emergency medicine training, orthopedic objectives are presented. Orthopedic complaints are common in emergency medicine. Direction in mastering evaluative, cognitive, and procedural skills are provided utilizing behaviorally based objectives and references. These objectives provide a structure for systematically learning the content of orthopedics through enlightened patient care, questioning of attending physicians and supervisors, and directed reading.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents on off-service rotations: hand surgery.

This is the fifth article in a continuing series on objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents. The emergency physician frequently must deal with hand injuries. Often these may appear innocuous; recognition of these injuries requires certain technical skills and a working knowledge of these entities. Specific objectives presented provide guidance for the didactic content as well as skill mastery for the resident experience.

Emergency Medicine↗