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Biomedical subjects

J Chapman

Publications and source records attributed to J Chapman.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of carbohydrate ingested on outcome in infants with mild gastroenteritis.

Children with mild acute gastroenteritis have not been observed for specific evidence of lactose intolerance yet are frequently fed a nonlactose formula. To determine whether such intervention is justified, 85 infants with mild acute gastroenteritis were followed prospectively. Infants were blindly and randomly assigned to 20 calorie/oz formula containing one of four carbohydrates: lactose, sucrose, polycose, or combined sucrose-polycose. Daily diaries were kept by parents, and patients were reexamined on days 2, 7, and 14 of the study. Evidence for rotavirus was detected in 23 infants, and five had bacterial pathogens. Symptoms resolved in most patients within 7 days, but five infants were subsequently hospitalized. Stool frequency, weight gain, and need for hospitalization did not differ significantly among the groups. Recovery from mild acute gastroenteritis occurred within 2 weeks irrespective of carbohydrate ingested.

Dietary Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1986

The efficacy of 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and methyl CCNU in advanced colorectal cancer.

Sixty-six patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with 5-fluorouracil, Mitomycin C, and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea. Fifty-seven patients were evaluable by completing 2 months of therapy. Nine patients (16.0%) achieved a complete remission (CR) with the above combination. A partial remission (PR) was seen in 9 patients. The response rate (CR + PR) was 32%. The average duration of response was 8.5 months. Mucositis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were the significant toxicities experienced in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Urologic procedures.

The relief of bladder outlet obstruction can be accomplished by several procedures. In the absence of trauma, the simplest of these is passage of a Foley catheter. When the genitourinary system has been subjected to trauma, it is important to assess its integrity before instrumentation is performed. Radiographic assessment is performed most often with the use of contrast media.

Emergencies↗
PubMed1986

Quick and easy management of superior vena caval syndrome.

Superior vena caval syndrome (SVCS) is a life-threatening medical emergency that is usually treated with high-dose irradiation. Previous attempts at surgical intervention have been disappointing. Recently, the authors have successfully treated a case of SVCS with a axillo-axillary and axillary to femoral venous bypass using an externally supported synthetic graft. This is an easy, safe, and rapid alternative for the emergent treatment of superior vena caval syndrome.

Axillary Vein↗