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Biomedical subjects

J C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to J C Martin.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Nephrotoxic potency of antisera to three rat glomerular basement membrane glycoproteins.

In a previous article, we cited studies which have allowed us to isolate diverse glycoproteins of the rat glomerular basement membrane (GMB) and to study their biochemical structures and antigenicity. This present study attempts to examine, using the heterologous nephrotoxic nephritis model (Masugi's nephritis) the nephrotoxicity of immune sera prepared from three of these glycoproteins: one fairly rich in collagen-like structures (A3), another lacking collagen-like structures (A1), and a third of intermediate composition (A2). The results obtained are discussed in relation to those already published concerning the nature of the GBM antigen(s) responsible for the nephrotoxicity of the sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The association: scleroderma-silicosis or Erasmus' syndrome (author's transl).

Classically more common in women, scleroderma nevertheless affects with predilection men exposed to the inhalation of silica particles. The association scleroderma-silicosis is essentially a statistical finding. It has no particular clinical, radiological nor histological distinguishing characteristics, other than the syndromic juxtaposition of the stigmata of each of the two disorders. This serious pathological combination is not due merely to chance. It is the result of depressed cellular immunity, related to the cytotoxicity of silica and responsible for auto-immune reactions and the formation of circulating immune-complexes. In the presence of an underlying predisposition, the polyvisceral diffusion of inhaled toxic mineral particles could also facilitate the sclerodermic process by stimulating fibroblastic proliferation.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental study in rats to reduce carbon monoxide in the blood induced by cigarette smoke, by inhaling oxygen at atmospheric pressure].

When animals are exposed to cigarette smoke, the concentration of carbon monoxide in blood is rapidly increased, so that intensive inhalation tests cannot be carried out. A simple apparatus is described to expose Rats alternatively to cigarette smoke and to oxygen in order to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide in the blood. This method makes it possible to increase the daily administration of smoke considerably; nevertheless, under such conditions, lung tumors were not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Choice of defense mechanisms by Indian and white adolescents.

An analysis of Defense Mechanism Inventory scores from Indian and white adolescents indicated some cultural differences. Differences between white, male-female performance scores were found in all five defense catagories. Differences between Indian, male-female performance scores were found for three of the five defense categories. Indian-white differences were found only for males and involved the two categories of turning against object and reversal. It was concluded that Indian child-rearing practices and culture may foster the development of reversal type defenses and inhibit the development of turning against object type defense within Indian males.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Offspring survival, development, and operant performance following maternal ethanol consumption.

Gravid Sprague-Dawley-derived rats received 35-40% of their total calories in alcohol during pregnancy or pregnancy and the 23-day nursing period. Ethanol was administered both as the sole fluid source in a .1% saccharin solution and by twice daily subcutaneous injections. Two gravid control groups were matched for caloric and fluid intake to the experimental groups and received injections of the saline vehicle. The offspring were monitored from birth to adulthood on a variety of vital, developmental, and operant measures. Littermates of the behavioral offspring were sacrificed and necropsied at 1 and 12 months of age and the major organs examined for pathology. Differences between alcohol and control groups were found for maternal weight gain, length of gestation, number of neonatal deaths, growth retardation of offspring to postnatal Day 72, date of eye opening, distance traversed on Day 15, contingent performance in the 1st week on continuous reinforcement, fixed ratio, and timing appetitive schedules, and on number of shock initiations and ability to discriminate contingencies on punishment schedules. No gross abnormalities were observed in the major organs at necropsy.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

Growth, development and activity in rat offspring following maternal drug exposure.

Seventy-nine Sprague-Dawley derived primimparous rats were injected subcutaneously throughout pregnancy and the nursing period with either (1) 30 mg/kg of pure nicotine, (2) 5.0 mg/kg methamphetamine HCL, (3) saline vehicle, or, (4) non-injected. Vital and developmental measures were taken on the offspring throughout the nursing period and for one additional week. Metamphetamine-injected females had a shorter, and nicotine-injected females a longer gestational period, and both gained less weight over the 21-day period than the control groups. The pups of methamphetamine and nicotine dams were significantly underweight at birth and the 28 day postnatal period and exhibited developmental delay. Male offspring were divided into behavioral, aging, and autopsy on Day 28. Male offspring of methamphetamine-injected dams remained significantly lighter in weight for the first 15 months of life (aging groups). Their counterparts in the behavioral groups and the offspring of non-injected dams exhibited significantly greater activity for eight of the first twelve monthly assessments which began at 90 days of age. Additional vital, performance, and sensory measures will continue throughout the lifespan of the animals.

Aging↗