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Biomedical subjects

J C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to J C Martin.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effects of maternal absorption of phenobarbital upon rat offspring development and function.

Sixty Sprague-Dawley derived primaparous rats were administered Luminal (sodium phenobarbital) subcutaneously in doses of either 80 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, or 0 mg/kg (saline) on Days 9-21 of gestation. The two drug groups delivered litters significantly later with evidence of increased resorption at the higher dose. The higher dose offspring were lighter in weight at birth and at adulthood, but not at weaning. The lower drug dose offspring were developmentally accelerated compared with the other two groups. Acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response (CAR) was negatively correlated with increased drug dose. In appetitive operant paradigms, saline offspring received more reinforcements on fixed ratio sequential schedules, and the lower drug dose offspring received significantly fewer reinforcements than either of the other two groups on an FR-concurrent schedule. Both groups of drug offspring were able to obtain their reinforcements with a lower expenditure of effort than the saline offspring. The higher drug dose offspring made significantly more incorrect (early and late) responses on a schedule which rewarded a delayed response (DRL).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Blood alcohol level and caloric intake in the gravid rat as a function of diurnal period, trimester, and vehicle.

Blood ethanol levels, caloric intake and weight gain were monitored over the 21-day gestational period in the gravid Sprague-Dawley rat as a function of the administration of ethanol in either a liquid diet (Ensure) or an aqueous saccharin solution. The mean daily percentage of ethanol consumed (38% vs 31%), and g/Kg of ethanol consumed (11.9 vs 9.7 g/Kg) were higher for the liquid diet group than the aqueous solution group. Ethanol consumption varied by the trimester in the Ensure but not in the saccharin solution rats. Proportional maternal weight gain, live litter size, and live litter weight did not vary as a function of the method of ethanol administration. Both groups exhibited significant diurnal periodicity in ethanol consumption, and the greatest caloric intake during the second trimester. The implications of these results for ethanol administration in gravid rats is discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Conformational features of distamycin-DNA and netropsin-DNA complexes by Raman spectroscopy.

The binding of distamycin and netropsin to duplex DNA has been studied by Raman spectroscopy. Several changes occur in the Raman spectra of these drugs upon binding DNA. These changes were analyzed by assigning specific motions to the observed Raman bands through the use of molecular subunits of the drugs and normal mode calculations. Our analysis indicates that pyrrole ring and peptide group vibrations are altered upon binding to DNA. The environments of the pyrrole ring methyl groups are not affected by the binding. These data provide physical evidence consistent with a binding model in which the methyl groups on the pyrroles project away from the DNA and the peptide N-H groups form hydrogen bonds with the DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Hemoglobin oxygen affinity in children on chronic hemodialysis].

We have studied the changes induced by hemodialysis in the blood oxygen affinity in a group of 8 children with chronic kidney failure. Before dialysis: the affinity was low - P50 (7.40) = 28,3 Torr. Such a decreased affinity could explain in part why the important anemia (2 million RBC on average) observed in these patients was well tolerated. The observed decrease in hemoglobin oxygen affinity was attributed to an increase in 2-3 diphosphoglycerate (2-3 DPG) concentration, resulting from a high level of inorganic phosphates. After dialysis: the plasmatic pH increased markedly (7.52) with a consequent increase in the blood oxygen affinity in vivo (Bohr effect). No substantial change in 2-3 DPG concentration on P50 (7.40) occurred during hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗