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Biomedical subjects

J C Kim

Publications and source records attributed to J C Kim.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Coronavirus protein processing and RNA synthesis is inhibited by the cysteine proteinase inhibitor E64d.

Mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) encodes within the 22-kb gene 1 a large polyprotein containing three proteinase domains with proven or predicted cysteine catalytic residues. E64d, a specific, irreversible inhibitor of cysteine (thiol) proteinases, inhibits the processing of the gene 1 polyprotein. Specifically, E64d blocks the carboxy-terminal cleavage of p65. E64d also inhibits replication of MHV-A59 in murine DBT cells in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in reduced virus titers and viral syncytia formation. This inhibition of replication is associated with a rapid shutoff of new viral RNA synthesis, in a manner similar to that seen in the presence of cycloheximide. The E64d-associated inhibition of RNA synthesis likely results from E64d-specific inhibition of processing of the gene 1 polyprotein, resulting in inactive proteinase or replicase proteins. These results indicate that processing of the MHV-A59 gene 1-encoded polyprotein is required throughout infection to sustain RNA synthesis and virus replication.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Serum neopterin levels in ovarian tumors.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate the difference between benign and malignant ovarian tumors through measurement of preoperative serum neopterin and CA 125 levels and to evaluate the correlation between serum neopterin levels and prognosis. METHODS: Preoperative serum neopterin levels were measured in 55 ovarian tumors. Of these, 29 malignant tumors were studied over a 3-year follow-up period. RESULTS: Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in neopterin levels between those with benign or malignant ovarian tumors, and different survival rates between the 11 patients whose preoperative neopterin levels were > or = 7.9 nM/l and the 18 patients whose preoperative neopterin levels were < 7.9 nM/l (P < 0.01). The sensitivity of preoperative serum neopterin levels (> or = 7.9 nM/l) in detecting malignant ovarian tumors was 37.9%, the specificity was 96.1%, the positive predictive value 72.0%, the negative predictive value 63.3% and the diagnostic efficiency 65.4%, and those of preoperative serum CA 125 levels (> or = 35 U/ml) in detecting malignant ovarian tumors were 62.1%, 73.1%, 91.7%, 58.1% and 85.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of preoperative serum neopterin levels helped to discriminate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors and was related to ovarian cancer survival. In particular the combination of CA 125 and neopterin measurements showed a better sensitivity for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer than neopterin alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Mycetoma caused by Acremonium falciforme: successful treatment with itraconazole.

Mycetoma has not been previously reported in Korea. A case of mycetoma caused by Acremonium falciforme in a 72-year-old man is described. The patient had a single, large, well-demarcated, erythematous, swollen, black, escharlike lesion and three small satellite lesions on his right temporal area. He was treated with itraconazole, and all lesions healed with residual scars in 70 days.

Acremonium↗
PubMed1995

T-tube drainage of infected penile corporeal chambers.

Insertion of semirigid penile prosthesis is a surgical option to correct male erectile dysfunction. Postoperative infection of penile prosthesis necessitates removal and drainage of corporeal chambers. We describe a technique to drain infected corporeal cavities with T-tubes.

Drainage↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of tissue adhesives in closure of scleral tunnel incisions.

Using a biomechanical wound strength model, we compared the efficacy of cyanoacrylate and fibrin glues used to close scleral tunnel incisions. Scleral tunnel incisions were made in four groups of rabbits: (1) traditional self-sealing incision, (2) modified non-self-sealing incision, (3) method 2, closed with cyanoacrylate glue, or (4) method 2, closed with fibrin glue. Overall, Groups 1 and 4 showed the least clinical reaction, the slightest decrease in intraocular pressure (which recovered to baseline by day 7), and the most significant recovery of postoperative astigmatism. Initially, the bursting pressure in Groups 1 and 3 was statistically the highest (P < .005). By day 3, wound strengths in Groups 1 and 4 were comparable. Bursting pressure decreased in Groups 2 and 3 by day 7. Our results indicate that clinical responses, intraocular pressure, induced astigmatism, and ultimately wound strength were comparable in fibrin-glue-closed scleral pocket and sutureless self-sealing cataract incisions. Although cyanoacrylate glue cures immediately and initially demonstrates a strong adhesive quality, it causes a severe inflammatory response that inhibits subsequent collagen remodeling. Fibrin tissue adhesives may have an application as adjunctive means of closing scleral tunnel incisions.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Regrowth of grafted human scalp hair after removal of the bulb.

BACKGROUND: The bulbar region of the hair follicle contains the dermal papilla, hair germinative epithelial component, and active melanocytes. Thus, it has been assumed that the bulbar region plays a central role in hair growth, differentiation, and pigmentation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the regenerative capacity of human hair. METHODS: Individual anagen hair follicles were isolated from the occipital scalp and grafted onto the leg after removal of the bulb. RESULTS: The grafts of follicles from which the bulb and complete papilla have been excised regenerated new papillae and grew new pigmented hairs. CONCLUSION: The middle portion of the outer root sheath and dermal sheath may also contain epithelial, mesenchymal, and melanocyte reservoirs.

Hair↗
PubMed1995

The effects on inhibition of corneal neovascularization after human amniotic membrane transplantation in severely damaged rabbit corneas.

Human amniotic membrane isolated from the placenta contained basement membrane components such as type IV collagen, laminin, and 6 and 4 integrins, all of which remained detectable while preserved in glycerin for one week. One month after the n-heptanol removal of the total corneal epithelium and the limbal lamellar keratectomy, all rabbit eyes carried features of limbal deficiency, including conjunctival epithelial ingrowth, vascularization and chronic inflammation. Ten control eyes then received a total keratectomy, and 13 experimental eyes received an additional amniotic membrane transplantation. Three-month follow-ups revealed that all control corneas were revascularized to the center with granuloma and retained a conjunctival phenotype. In contrast, in the experimental groups, 5 corneas became clear with either minimal or no vascularization; the rest had either mild peripheral (5) or total (3) vascularization and more cloudy stroma. Using monoclonal antibodies for epithelial markers and matrix components, we concluded that the success correlated with the return of a cornea-like epithelial phenotype and the preservation of the amniotic membrane, whereas the failure maintained a conjunctival epithelial phenotype and the amniotic membrane was either partially degraded or covered by host fibrovascular stroma. Measures taken to facilitate the former might prove this procedure clinically useful for ocular surface reconstruction.

Amnion↗
PubMed1995

Extensive colonic stricture due to pelvic actinomycosis.

A 36-year-old woman presented with a palpable tender mass at the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. She had suffered from constipation for five years and had a previous history of intrauterine device-use for one year. Preoperative barium enema and abdominopelvic CT showed a compatible finding of rectosigmoid colon cancer or left ovary cancer. She underwent segmental resection of the sigmoid colon along with the removal of left distal ureter, left ovary and salpinx. Pathologic examination revealed actinomycotic abscesses containing sulfur granules. Thereafter, she took parenteral ampicillin (50mg/kg/day) for one month and oral amoxicillin (250mg, tid) for 2 months consecutively. The patient has no specific problems for 6 months after surgical resection and long-term antibiotic therapy. This report may be the first of intrauterine device-associated pelvic actinomycosis involving both sigmoid colon and rectum extensively.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1995

Transplantation of preserved human amniotic membrane for surface reconstruction in severely damaged rabbit corneas.

After n-heptanol removal of the total corneal epithelium and a limbal lamellar keratectomy, 23 rabbit eyes developed features of limbal stem cell deficiency including conjunctival epithelial ingrowth, vascularization and chronic inflammation. One month later, 10 control eyes received a total keratectomy, and 13 experimental eyes received additional transplantation of glycerin-preserved human amniotic membrane. In 3 months of follow-up, all control corneas were revascularized to the center with granuloma and retained a conjunctival epithelial phenotype. In contrast, five corneas in the experimental group became clear with either minimal or no vascularization; the rest had either mid peripheral (n = 5) or total (n = 3) vascularization and cloudier stroma. The success of corneal surface reconstruction correlated with the return of a cornea-like epithelial phenotype and the preservation of amniotic membrane, whereas the failure maintained a conjunctival epithelial phenotype and the amniotic membrane was either partially degraded or covered by host fibrovascular stroma. These results suggest that measures taken to facilitate epithelialization without allowing host fibrovascular ingrowth onto the amniotic membrane might prove this procedure clinically useful for ocular surface reconstruction.

Amnion↗
PubMed1994

Preparation of N'-substituted anilino-N-methyl-N'nitrosoureas as candidate antitumor agents.

Various N'-substituted anilino-N-methyl-N'-nitrosoureas(2a-n) were easily prepared from the reaction of substituted phenylhydrazines (3-, 4-CH3, 3-, 4-OCH3, 3-, 4-F, 3-, 4-Cl, 4-Br, 2-, 3-, 4-NO2, 2, 4-(NO2)2 with methyl isocyanate, followed by the nitrosation with 99% HCOOH and dry sodium nitrite powder. Surprisingly of these series of analogus, the anilino-nitrosoureas substituted with electron-withdrawing nitro groups (2k-n) showed significantly low ED50 values of 1.4-3.4 micrograms/ml. In addition, none of these compounds substituted with electron-donating groups exhibited cytotoxicities.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1994

5-Substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside analogues 1-cyanomethyl- and 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-5-substituted uracils as candidate antitumor agents.

A number of 5-substituted pyrimidine acyclic nucleosides were synthesized and tested for in vitro cytotoxicity against four cell lines (J-82 cell, P-388 cell, FM-3A cell and U-938 cell lines). Synthesis of 1-cyanomethyl-5-substituted pyrimidines (1a-e) and 1-(4-cyanobutyl)-5-substituted pyrimidines (2a-e) was accomplished from the series of alkylation reactions of 5-substituted uracils with the corresponding chloroacetonitrile and 5-chlorovaleronitile in DMSO under 50 degrees C temperature. These 5-substituted pyrimidine acylic nucleosides (1a-e and 2a-e) exhibited moderate to significant activity against four cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Sambutoxin, a new mycotoxin produced by toxic Fusarium isolates obtained from rotted potato tubers.

Ninety-nine isolates of Fusarium species were obtained from rotted potato tubers from various parts of Korea. Of these isolates, 80 were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, or F. sambucinum. The isolates of these species were grown on autoclaved wheat grains and examined for toxicity in a rat-feeding test. A total of 8 of 57 F. oxysporum isolates, 3 of 14 F. solani isolates, and 5 of 9 F. sambucinum isolates caused the death of the rats. Of the 16 toxic isolates, 1 isolate of F. oxysporum produced a substantial amount of moniliformin, which could account for its toxicity. None of the other 15 isolates produced trichothecenes, moniliformin, fusarochromanone, fumonisin B1, or wortmannin. F. sambucinum PZF-4 produced an unknown toxin in wheat culture. This new toxin, given the trivial name sambutoxin, caused toxic effects in rats, including body weight loss, feed refusal, hemorrhage in the stomach and intestines, and, finally, death when rats were fed diets supplemented with 0.05 and 0.1% sambutoxin. The toxin was also toxic to chicken embryos, and the 50% lethal concentration was 29.6 micrograms per egg. Sambutoxin formed as white crystals that turned purple when combined with reagents such as sulfuric acid and p-anisaldehyde. It exhibited a green color immediately after treatment with potassium ferricyanide-ferric chloride. Its UV spectrum had absorption maxima at 213, 233, and 254 nm, and its infrared spectrum showed an amide group at 1,650 and 1,560 cm-1 and a hydroxy group at 3,185 cm-1. Mass spectrometry showed that the molecular weight of the toxin was 453 and the molecular formula was C28H39NO4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Intraocular fascioliasis: a case report.

We report the case of a 28-year-old male who had been ill with headache and motor weakness for a month and developed sudden pain and blindness of the right eye. During ophthalmoscopy, a worm was recognized penetrating the iris, occupying the anterior chamber for a brief period, returning back behind the iris, and leaving corneal edema with hyphyema. Enucleation was performed to prevent the worm's escape from the eye. The enucleated eye revealed areas of a focal degeneration of sclera and intraocular hemorrhage. Microscopic findings of an abrupt tissue defect and few inflammatory reactions in the uvea suggested very recent migration of a moving worm. The flatworm detected in the anterior chamber was identified to be a juvenile Fasciola sp. This case is presumed to be the first case of intraocular fascioliasis reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Lipid composition of the stratum corneum of the sole in patients with leprosy.

Several reports support the view that changes of composition of the stratum corneum (SC) lipids may be the cause of impaired barrier function which, in turn, gives rise to xerosis and ichthyotic skin in leprosy. Many reports about abnormalities of serum lipids and cutaneous manifestations, such as xerosis and ichthyotic changes in leprosy, led us to the idea that the composition of SC lipids in patients with leprosy may be different from that in normal subjects. However, the many studies done in the past do not sufficiently account for this. To investigate the composition of SC lipids in patients with leprosy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was undertaken. Extraction of the SC lipids with a methanolchloroform-H2O mixture (4:2:1.6, v/v/v, Bligh-Dyer solvent) was carried out after shaving of the SC from the sole. TLC was performed and the composition of lipids was quantitated by photodensitometry. Our study revealed that the composition of SC lipids in the anesthetic lesions of leprosy patients was higher in cholesterol sulfate and triglycerides and lower in sphingolipids and cholesterol esters than that of normal subjects.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Adhesion to carcinoembryonic antigen by human colorectal carcinoma cells involves at least two epitopes.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) may be involved in both cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Our purpose was to determine whether epitopes involved in the homophilic binding of human colorectal carcinoma cells to CEA participated in adhesion to basement membrane proteins. Three human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines and one CHO cell line transfected with CEA cDNA were tested in a solid-phase adhesion assay. The 2 CEA-expressing carcinoma cell lines (KM-12c and CCL 188) and the transfectant, but not the parental CHO line, bound to CEA. The CEA-non-producing carcinoma line (Clone A) did not bind to CEA. All colorectal carcinoma cell lines, the transfectant and the parental CHO line bound to laminin, while the colorectal carcinoma lines bound to type-IV collagen. MAbs to epitopes on CEA that cross-react with non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) inhibited adhesion of CEA-expressing cells to CEA. MAbs to non-cross-reactive epitopes of CEA did not block adhesion to CEA. When the inhibitory anti-CEA antibodies were compared in a competitive radioimmunoassay, 2 distinct epitopes were identified. Epitope I is in the N-terminal domain and defined by MAbs MN3, T84.1 and C110, whereas epitope II is located in the repeating loop domains and is recognized by antibodies MN15, PR3B10 and NP1. None of the antibodies to epitope I or II blocked adhesion by KM-12c or CCL 188 cells to laminin or type-IV collagen. Thus, at least 2 different regions on CEA participate in adhesion to CEA but not to collagen or laminin by CEA-expressing human colorectal carcinoma cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis with intraventricular administration of depot cytarabine (DTC 101). A phase I study.

Depo cytarabine (DTC 101 [formerly identified as Depo/Ara-C]) is a slow-releasing, depot formulation in which cytarabine is encapsulated within the aqueous compartments of microscopic (DepoFoam) particles. A phase I trial of DTC 101, given intraventricularly, was conducted in patients with leptomeningeal metastasis. Nine patients were given 1 to 7 cycles of DTC 101 in doses ranging from 25 to 125 mg that were administered via an Ommaya reservoir into the lateral ventricle. The dose-limiting toxic reaction was encephalopathy that occurred at the 125-mg dose level. All toxic episodes but one were transient and reversible, with the total duration of toxicity lasting from 1 to 7 days. The ventricular concentration of free cytarabine released from DTC 101 into cerebrospinal fluid decreased biexponentially with an initial half-life of 7.2 +/- 1.7 (+/- SEM) hours and a terminal half-life of 140 +/- 49 hours. The cerebrospinal fluid was cleared of malignant cells within 3 weeks of initial therapy in five of six cytologically evaluable patients. The duration of response ranged from 2 to more than 14 weeks, with a median of over 11 weeks. In conclusion, DTC 101 appears to be a pharmacologically attractive agent for use against leptomeningeal metastasis. The toxic episodes that occur with this therapy are well tolerated by patients.

Adult↗