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Biomedical subjects

J C Kim

Publications and source records attributed to J C Kim.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins (trichothecenes and zearalenone) in barley and corn in Korea.

Barley is produced in four provinces, Chonbuk, Chonnam, Kyungbuk, and Kyungnam, and corn is mainly produced in the Kangwon province in Korea. The natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins was surveyed in 39 barley and 46 corn samples from different areas. Five 8-ketotrichothecenes, namely deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), 4-acetylnivalenol (4-ANIV), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), and 4,15-diacetylnivalenol (4,15-DANIV), and zearalenone (ZEA) were detected in barley. DON, NIV, and ZEA were the major contaminants in barley, with mean levels of 170, 1,011, and 287 ng/g, respectively. On the other hand, DON, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), NIV, 4-ANIV, 4,15-DANIV, and ZEA were detected in corn samples. DON and 15-ADON were the major contaminants in corn, with mean levels of 310 and 297 ng/g, respectively. The survey indicated that the natural occurrence of monoacetyl-DON and the ratios of NIV to DON in two cereals were different. In addition, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of 4,15-DANIV in cereals.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Balloon dilation of ureteral strictures after renal transplantation.

Ten ureteral strictures that developed in nine patients after renal transplantation were managed with balloon catheter dilation and placement of a ureteral stent. Four strictures were successfully dilated (40%), with a follow-up of 15-42 months (mean, 29 months). Comparison of these cases with the six cases of unsuccessfully dilated strictures failed to show any substantial differences between the groups with respect to demographics, stricture characteristics, or radiologic management techniques. However, strictures that developed at the ureteroneocystostomy site responded favorably more often (three of four strictures) to balloon catheter dilation than did strictures in other locations. The authors' experience is not as favorable as that of others who have managed renal transplant-related ureteral strictures in a similar manner. Nonetheless, their experience reinforces the efficacy of balloon catheter dilation of ureteral strictures that develop after renal transplantation as an effective alternative to surgical revision in a substantial percentage of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Extended CSF cytarabine exposure following intrathecal administration of DTC 101.

PURPOSE: The aims of the present study were to determine ventricular and lumbar CSF pharmacokinetics and the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of DTC 101 (DepoFoam; DepoTech Corp, La Jolla, CA) following intraventricular administration. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with neoplastic meningitis were treated with escalating doses of DTC 101. CSF samples were obtained from the right lateral ventricle or from the lumbar subarachnoid space and cytarabine concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Therapeutic ventricular CSF concentrations were maintained for 9 +/- 2 days following administration of a single dose of DTC 101 into the lateral ventricle. Lumbar cytarabine concentrations became equal to those in the ventricle within the first 6 hours after intraventricular injection, and the subsequent decay in concentrations of free and total cytarabine were the same at both sites. Following intralumbar administration, the peak ventricular concentration of free cytarabine was reached within 1 day, and therapeutic ventricular CSF levels were maintained for several days. Therapeutic intralumbar concentration of free cytarabine was maintained for up to 14 days. The MTD was 75 mg of DTC 101, and seven of nine patients manifested cytologic responses. CONCLUSION: Extended CSF exposure to therapeutic cytarabine concentrations was achieved after a single intraventricular or intralumbar dose of DTC 101, permitting drug administration once every 2 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Nd:YLF laser sclerostomy.

We used a Q-switched Nd:YLF picosecond laser, operating at the 1053-nanometer wavelength with a spot separation of 10 microns and a crossing width of 1000 x 10 microns in a rectangular pattern, to create ab externo sclerostomies in 12 New Zealand white rabbits. The mean energy used was 30 J (range, 24 to 65 J). Filtering blebs were observed for 1 week, with a concurrent drop in intraocular pressure. Histology performed at days 3, 10, and 30 revealed clean-cut sclerostomies, with minimal thermal and mechanical damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Electrophoretic analysis of endotoxin-activated gelation reaction of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda amoebocyte lysate.

Electrophoretic analysis of a 60 min reaction between E. coli endotoxin and the amoebocyte lysate showed that the coagulation reaction was complete by 15 min, with the conversion of coagulogen (21 kDa) to coagulin (17 kDa). Coincident with this observation was the maximal activities at 15 min, of Factor C and proclotting enzyme. On agitation of the coagulin gel clots, bioactive endotoxin was recovered. Densitometric scan of the electrophoretically-resolved proteins showed that the sum of coagulogen and coagulin remained almost constant at various time intervals of the coagulation reaction. Electrophoresis serves as a convincing and visually discernible method of studying the kinetics of coagulation, and defining the onset and completion of gelation. Furthermore, it is a useful means of examining the integrity of fresh lysate preparations based on the presence or absence of the 17 kDa coagulin band.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Single hair transplantation using the Choi hair transplanter.

A new procedure for single hair transplantation using the Choi hair transplanter is presented. This operation provides obvious cosmetic advantages in hairline refinement and the reconstruction of eyebrows, eyelashes, beards, and pubic escutcheon. The surgical technique is described in detail.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1992

A photodocumented study on lens thickness and densitometric value according to the type of cataract.

Photodocumented measurements of the lens thickness using an EAS-1000 Scheimpflug camera were performed in 261 cataract eyes (162 pure type) compared with 52 control eyes. The lens thickness in normal eyes usually increased with age by 0.015 mm annually. The cataractous lens, especially in the anterior subcapsular type combined with the superficial cortical and posterior subcapsular types of opacity, showed statistically significant lens thinning. The photodocumented values of lens thickness were higher in 7.9%, and those of the anterior chamber depth were lower in 5% compared with A scan ultrasonographic measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of Streptomyces griseus trypsin gene.

Streptomyces griseus trypsin (E.C. 3.4.21.4) is one of the major extracellular proteinase, which is secreted by S. griseus. The gene encoding S. griseus trypsin was isolated from a S. griseus genomic library by using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. Fragments containing the gene for S. griseus trypsin were characterized by hybridization and demonstration of proteolytic activity in S. lividans. Deduced amino acid sequence from the nucleotide sequence suggests that S. griseus trypsin is produced as a precursor, consisting of three portions; an amino-terminal pre sequence (32 amino acid residues), a pro sequence (4 residues), and the mature trypsin. The S. griseus trypsin consists of 223 amino acids with a computed molecular weight of 23,112. The existence of proline at the pro and mature junction suggests that the processing of S. griseus trypsin is non-autocatalytic.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Histopathology and distribution of cells harboring bovine leukemia virus (BLV) proviral sequences in ovine lymphosarcoma induced by BLV inoculation.

Six sheep with lymphosarcoma induced by hypodermic inoculation of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) materials were examined to elucidate the relation between pathologic lesions and integration of BLV provirus in cellular DNAs. Antibodies to BLV gp-antigens had been detected since the 3rd week after the inoculation, and BLV was positive when checked 3 months later. Lymphosarcomas followed the leukemic phase in 4 sheep. The other 2 sheep showed initial lesions of lymphosarcoma and were aleukemic clinically. Five animals were killed by enthanasia and autopsied at 2.5 to 3.5 years postinoculation (pi) because of their diseased condition. One animal died 10 years pi following the 4th leukemic episode. Sarcomatous lesions were confirmed grossly and histologically, and the proliferating neoplastic cells were classified into lymphocytic, prolymphocytic, lymphoblastic and histiocytic types. Integration of BLV provirus in cellular DNAs of the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and neoplastic cells of sarcomatous lesions was examined by Southern blotting technique. BLV provirus was demonstrated in the PBL of all infected animals and in most of the sarcomatous lesions of the spleen, kidney and lymph nodes except 4 lymph nodes showing slight neoplastic infiltration. The results indicated that ovine lymphosarcoma could be caused by BLV and the cells carrying proviral information seemed to be disseminated and proliferate in the lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Community-based eye health survey in areas of Buan-Kun and Dobong-Ku in Korea.

This survey comparing the primary causes of eye disease and visual impairment between rural and urban areas was conducted from the beginning of February through May of 1989. The outcome of that research on 686 residents (1372 eyes) of Buan-Kun, Chunbuk, and 997 residents (1994 eyes) of Dobong-Ku, Seoul, is as follows: 1. Of the basic ocular affections, pterygium was the most prevalent in Baun-Kun with 178 eyes (13.0%), while allergic and chronic conjunctivitis were in the majority in Dobong-Ku with 170 eyes (8.5%). 2. In causes of visual impairment, refractive error showed to be the main one in both Buan-Kun with 135 eyes (9.8%) and Dobong-Ku with 132 eyes (6.6%). 3. In rate of blindness, Buan-Kun had 7.0% monocular blindness and 3.2% of binocular blindness, while 4.1% of monocular blindness and 1.7% of binocular blindness were found in Dobong-Ku. 4. In causes of blindness, cataract (51.1%) was followed by macular degeneration (17.4%), corneal opacity (13.0%), and vascular retinopathy (9.8%) in Buan-Kun, while cataract (56.0%), macular degeneration (6.7%), corneal opacity (6.7%), and phthisis (6.7%) were recorded in that order in Dobong-Ku.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Calvarial bone graft donor site: a histological study in a rabbit model.

Recently the calvarium has become a popular site for harvesting bone grafts because of its low incidence of morbidity, its proximity to the operative site, and the decreased amount of resorption as a result of its membranous nature. However, information regarding the phenomenon of repair at the donor site itself remains lacking. This investigation was initiated in 40 adult white New Zealand rabbits as an experimental model to study the process of repair at the donor site and to examine the possible use of hydroxyapatite to reconstruct the residual donor site deformity. Our experimental protocol closely followed our clinical procedure for the harvesting of split calvarial bone grafts. Our conclusions in the rabbit model were: (1) each of the commonly used hemostatic agents (bone wax and gelfoam) inhibit osteoneogenesis to varying degrees, (2) hydroxyapatite shows promise in the reconstruction of the donor site defect, and (3) if the periosteum comes in direct contact the defect repairs itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Comparative neurotoxicity and pyrrole-forming potential of 2,5-hexanedione and perdeuterio-2,5-hexanedione in the rat.

2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD), the neurotoxic metabolite of n-hexane, reacts with protein amines to form alkylpyrrole adducts. Pyrrolylation of neurofilament protein may be the initiating molecular event in 2,5-HD neuropathy. The present study compares the neurotoxic and pyrrole-forming potentials of 2,5-HD with those of perdeuterio-2,5-HD ([D10]-2,5-HD) in the rat. Due to a requirement for C-H bond breaking in the reaction mechanism, the latter derivative was expected to exhibit a primary isotope effect, thus forming the pyrrole at a slower rate. In vitro studies confirmed that [D10]-2,5-HD pyrrolylated protein at only one-third of the initial rate seen with native 2,5-HD. Prolonged incubation resulted in similar pyrrole concentrations with both derivatives. Adult, male Wistar rats were administered daily (5 days/week) ip doses of either 3.5 mmol 2,5-HD or [D10]-2,5-HD/kg/day for 17 days or 2.5 mmol/kg/day for 38 days. At termination, animals administered 2,5-HD and [D10]-2,5-HD exhibited 27 and 8% body weight loss, respectively. Moderate to severe hindlimb paralysis was present in the 2,5-HD groups while only mild effects were seen in [D10]-2,5-HD-dosed rats. Neuropathological changes were prominent in spinal cord sections from 2,5-HD-treated animals, while no effects were present in rats given the deuterated derivative. Pyrrole adduct concentrations in serum and axonal cytoskeletal proteins from 2,5-HD-treated animals were two- to threefold higher than in rats given equimolar doses of [D10]-2,5-HD. Levels of covalent crosslinking of axonal cytoskeletal proteins (assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) appeared to correlate with pyrrole concentrations. Tissue concentrations of each diketone isomer were not significantly different, indicating similar uptake of native and deuterated 2,5-HD. Mass spectrometry revealed rapid back exchange of the terminal (methyl) but not of the internal (methylene) deuteriums of [D10]-2,5-HD in vivo. These findings support an absolute requirement for pyrrole formation in gamma-diketone neurotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol toxicity in aged rats.

Various anesthetics are metabolized by different forms of cytochrome P-450 yielding the same toxic metabolite, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE). The toxicity of TFE is a consequence of its metabolism catalyzed by cytochrome P-450. Since a marked age difference exists in the composition and inducibility of the hepatic mixed function oxidase system, we have elucidated the toxicity of TFE in 36-month-old aged Wistar rats. The aged rats were injected with sublethal doses of TFE (0.10 g/kg once per week for 5 weeks), after which they were sacrificed for pathologic examination. The major TFE-related lesions observed were severe hepatocyte degenerative changes such as basophilic, eosinophilic, vacuolated hepatocytes, bile duct hyperplasia, accumulation of lipofuscin pigments, and preneoplastic nodules. Other changes seen were the hyalinization of gastric submucosal wall, generalized testicular atrophy due to the loss of seminiferous tubules, coagulation necrosis of intestinal mucosal wall, hyperpigmentation, and more advanced and severe chronic progressive glomerulonephropathy in the TFE-treated rats. More severe lipofuscin and vacuolation of white matter of thalamic area, pons, midbrain, and cerebellum reflective of enhanced aging were also seen. Ultrastructural studies of liver from TFE-treated rats revealed rather diffuse loss of glycogen, fragmentation of endoplasmic reticulum, mineralization of mitochondria, and loss of other organelles within the hepatocytes versus saline-treated aged rats. Hepatic cytochrome P-450 concentrations, measured as a possible index of endoplasmic reticulum damage, were not affected by TFE administration.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Pokeweed mitogen stimulates DNA synthesis in cultured amoebocytes of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda.

Cultures of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda amoebocytes in Grace's insect (modified) medium supplemented with 20% foetal bovine serum, were stimulated with pokeweed mitogen at 0.5 to 50 micrograms/ml for 24 to 72 h at 26 degrees C. DNA synthesis was monitored by measuring the uptake of 3H-thymidine. The optimal concentration of pokeweed mitogen was established at 2.5 micrograms/ml. The ideal duration of stimulation was 48 h. Under these conditions, amoebocyte cultures showed increases in uptake of 3H-thymidine up to 55-fold. Attempts at stimulation of these amoebocytes with phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A and endotoxin showed no increase in 3H-thymidine uptake. Nevertheless, positive stimulation by pokeweed mitogen demonstrates the potential of such an approach to establishing a permanent amoebocyte cell line for lysate production. This stimulation was reversed by 5 mM hydroxyurea, suggesting a true induction of DNA synthesis.

Amoeba↗