Biomedical subjects

J C Hsu

Publications and source records attributed to J C Hsu.

118 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

A descriptive analysis of participant characteristics and patterns of substance use in the CSAT methamphetamine treatment project: the first six months.

The CSAT Methamphetamine Treatment Project (MTP) is a multisite study with a two-fold purpose: to assess the feasibility and outcomes generated by a technology transfer of the Matrix treatment model for methamphetamine (MA) abuse into several community-based treatment programs, and specifically to compare outcomes of treatment as usual at each site with outcomes of the Matrix model, as implemented in each site. The study comprises seven sites, geographically situated in Hawaii, Northern and Southern California, and Montana. This article presents a demographic description of the cohort, and describes patterns of drug use, abuse, and related problems among the 169 participants recruited in the first six months of the study, from April through September 1999. Specific analyses presented include: demographic composition of the sample with respect to gender, age, ethnicity, education completed, employment status, and income; primary drug used, and mean percent of days using various drugs including MA, alcohol, and marijuana; and percent of sample reporting various routes of drug administration. Mean baseline Addiction Severity Index composite scores are presented that describe medical, employment, alcohol, drug, legal, family/social, and psychiatric status for the sample. Also presented here are comparisons of this preliminary population to other populations reported in the literature. This early subset of MTP participants is similar to other methamphetamine-abusing populations described in the literature in age, years of education, income, and mean years of use. However, because of its multisite structure and the locations of its constituent sites, the MTP population has greater variation in ethnic makeup than do populations from other studies, offering an opportunity to provide useful new information about drug use patterns and treatment responses in populations not previously studied.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Three-dimensional reconstruction of abnormal ventriculoarterial relationship by electron beam CT.

PURPOSE: Assessment of the relationships of the ventricles and great vessels is critical in evaluating cardiac anomalies before surgery. We investigated the usefulness of 3D CT in their demonstration. METHOD: From July 1995 through June 1996, 20 patients with abnormal ventriculoarterial relationships were analyzed by electron beam CT. A 3D gradient shading surface rendering was done on a workstation. We focused on the morphologies of the atria, ventricles, and great vessels and particularly their spatial relationships on the 3D images. RESULTS: There were two cases of isolated ventricular inversion, three of anatomically corrected malposition, seven of congenitally corrected transposition, and eight of complete transposition. Anatomic presentations of 3D surface images in all were superior to cineangiography and echocardiography presentations and were consistent with intraoperative findings. CONCLUSION: 3D CT images provide useful information that is not available by sectional or projective imaging. Independent segmental analysis of the anomalies by this method provides a complement for surgeons to understand the spatial relationships of the vessels and chambers of the heart, which may be of value in preoperative planning.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital choanal atresia: computed tomographic and clinical findings.

Congenital choanal atresia is a rare developmental anomaly characterized by failure of communication of the posterior nasal cavity with the nasopharynx. It may present as a component of the CHARGE association (C, coloboma; H, heart disease; A, atresia choanae; R, retarded growth and development; G, genital hypoplasia; and E, ear anomalies and/or deafness). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of membranous or bony type congenital choanal atresia. Six patients (4 females, 2 males; age range, 1 day to 8 weeks; mean, 13.8 days) with choanal atresia were included in this study and evaluated by CT scan. The CT clearly delineated the full anatomic abnormalities of choanal atresia. Among the 6 patients, three (50%) had bilateral membranous atresia, two (33%) had bilateral bony atresia, and one (17%) had unilateral (left) membranous atresia. Additionally, two (33%) patients (1 bilateral membranous atresia, 1 bilateral bony atresia) fit at least four of the six criteria in the CHARGE association. The CT plays a significant role in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to congenital choanal atresia and should be the examination method of choice to evaluate neonates with nasal obstruction.

Choanal Atresia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary psoas abscess: report of one case.

A 6-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with the problems of persistent fever, limping gait, and right hip pain. On physical examination, flexion of the right hip with limitation of the range of motion was noted. Tenderness over the right inguinal area was also elicited. Pyogenic arthritis of the right hip was suspected. Aspiration of the right hip joint was negative. Two days later, a careful examination revealed that the Patrick's test was negative and a local tenderness on the right lower abdomen was found. Laparotomy was performed under the impression of retroperitoneal abscess. The postoperative diagnosis was psoas abscess. After surgical drainage and antibiotics therapy, she was discharged 2 weeks later with good condition.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Kawasaki disease complicated with hemorrhagic enteritis mimicking intestinal obstruction: report of one case].

A 6-month-old little boy presented with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy for four days. On admission, he was found to have conjunctival congestion of both eyes, reddened and fissured lips, straw-berry tongue, macular rash at the trunk and erythematous change on the BCG injection site. The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was made and aspirin therapy (100 mg/kg/day) was started. On the 3rd hospital day, he developed abdominal distention, jaundice, poor activity and tachypnea. Bowel sound was silent on auscultation. Nasogastric tube was inserted for decompression and bilious material was drained out continuously. In addition, bloody, mucoid stool passage was noted. An abdominal radiography revealed dilatation of the small bowel and paucity of the colon gases. On the abdominal ultrasound, hydrops of gallbladder, marked ascites and silent and dilated bowel loops were found. Despite of supportive care, abdominal symptoms persisted and condition deteriorated. Laparotomy was done on the following day. At operation, it was found that the patient developed severe petechia on the long segment of small intestine from 15cm distal to the Treitz ligament to ileocecal valve and some fibrin plagues on the terminal ileum at 25cm proximal to the ileocecal valve were also found.

Enteritis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculous peritonitis in a child undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

We present a 13-year-old girl with Arnold-Chiari syndrome and uremia secondary to neurogenic bladder. She had been treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 13 months prior to the development of peritonitis. The patient demonstrated no improvement with a 3-day therapy of intraperitoneal vancomycin and netilmicin. Meanwhile, smear of centrifuged dialysate revealed acid fast bacilli on two occasions. We, then, started anti-TB therapy with oral isoniazid (INAH), rifampin and ethambutal. The symptoms subsided within three days. In the first week, the patient lost her peritoneal ultrafiltration and needed daytime automatic peritoneal dialysis. At the last follow-up examination, 12 months after treatment, she remained well on standard CAPD.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma.

Eighteen magnetic resonance (MR) examinations were performed in 15 children with neuroblastoma in 6 patients, ganglioneuroblastoma in 4 and ganglioneuroma in 5. The MR images of neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma presented with ill-defined margins and heterogeneous signal intensity, while ganglioneuroma had well-demarcated outlines and more homogeneous signal intensity in all sequences. The extension of these tumors, invasion to adjacent organs and encasement of vessels could be clearly identified. MR imaging appears to be a reliable technique for differential diagnosis among neuroblastoma/ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bony changes in common mucopolysaccharidoses.

To evaluate the radiological features of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), 15 cases were collected for review in this hospital, retrospectively (1985-1995). Eight cases of Hurler syndrome, two cases of Hunter syndrome, two cases of Sanfilippo syndrome and three cases of Morquio syndrome were classified. Varying severity of dysostosis multiplex is the general bony manifestation of MPS, but special appearance may occur in particular types. Hurler syndrome is the prototype of MPS. The main findings were as follows: "J" shaped sella turcica, paddle-like ribs, anterior inferior beaking (hook-like) of lower thoracic-upper lumbar hypoplastic vertebral bodies, flared iliac wings, constrictive iliac bodies, diaphyseal expansion of long bones, distal ulna and radius tilt toward each other, bullet-like proximal phalanges and central pointing of proximal metacarpals. Hunter and Sanfilippo syndromes had the appearance of moderate to mild dysostosis multiplex. Morquio syndrome had distinctive bony changes as vertebral plana and tongue-like protrusion in the anterior part of the lower thoracic-upper lumbar vertebral bodies, particularly short of the distal deformed ulna and poor ossification of the proximal lateral tibial epiphyses. Although clinical presentations and the hallmarks of bony changes helped possible classification of MPS, definite diagnosis depends on enzyme analysis.

Bone and Bones↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis complicating with abdominal hernias in children.

From May 1991 through December 1995, 10 uremic children ranging in age from 3.6 years old to 14.4 years old underwent insertion of 13 peritoneal dialysis catheters for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Eight abdominal hernias developed, associated with five catheters (38.5%) in four of the patients. Three hernias were inguinal, three were umbilical, one was epigastric, and one occurred at the catheter insertion site. Six hernias, including one umbilical hernia developing incarceration, were repaired. After operations because of recurrent hernias, two patients were switched from standard CAPD to night intermittent PD (NIPD) using low volumes of dialysate. Male sex and age younger than six years were possible associated risk factors (P = 0.19). In conclusion, hernia in young children undergoing CAPD is not unusual, and early surgical repair is advisable to avoid complications.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchial stenosis mimicking the scimitar syndrome: report of one case.

The scimitar syndrome, also known as hypogenetic lung syndrome, has the classic radiological appearance of hypoplasia of the right lung, dextroposition of the heart, and a curvilinear density in the right lower lung that courses to the right cardiophrenic angle known as a scimitar sign. We report a case with stenosis of the main stem of the left bronchus and an emphysematous change of the left lung which shifted the heart to the right side and compressed the right lung. A curvilinear density was also noted in the right lower lung field. All these radiological findings together mimic the chest radiographic appearance of the scimitar syndrome.

Bronchial Diseases↗