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Biomedical subjects

J Burns

Publications and source records attributed to J Burns.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Relation between sound intensity and the latency and amplitude of the brainstem auditory evoked response.

This study investigated the relation of peak amplitude and latency to signal intensity for the brainstem auditory evoked response (BSAER). One thousand clicks were presented to obtain each averaged response. Responses were obtained to clicks presented at sensation levels of 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 dB. Five adult males who demonstrated normal hearing served as subjects. Latency and amplitude for various wavelets were plotted against signal intensity. A consistent trend of decreased peak latency occurred with increased signal intensity. Contrary to previous reports, the amplitude of Wavelet V showed a linear growth with increased signal intensity.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1978

Effects of signal rise time and frequency on the brainstem auditory evoked response.

Two experiments studied the effects of signal rise time and frequency on the brainstem auditory evoked response. In Experiment 1, five different rise times were presented, fast (10 microseconds), 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 msec at a center frequency of 1000 Hz at three sensation levels, 20, 40, and 60 dB. As rise time was increased, response amplitude and detectability decreased and response latency increased. In Experiment 2, tonal pips were presented at 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz at 40-dB sensation level. Although the effects of frequency and signal rise time were confounded, no frequency effect was apparent.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of the effects of keto acid analogues and essential amino acids on nitrogen homeostasis in uremic patients on moderately protein-restricted diets.

Comparisons of isonitrogenous supplements (1.2 g N) of essential amino acids and five keto acid analogues with four essential amino acids were made in seven patients with stable chronic renal failure (creatinine clearance, 4.6 to 16 ml/min) on moderately protein-restricted diets (4.60 to 7.8 g N per day). Full nitrogen balance data on the four patients who have already completed studies lasting 24 weeks are presented. No benefits of keto acid over amino acid supplements were observed. Two transient episodes of hypercalcemia occurred during keto acid treatment. There was no improvement of renal function with keto acids. Also, no carry-over effects were seen after keto acid treatment. It is concluded that any beneficial effects of keto acids in patients with chronic renal failure are only likely to occur in those taking a diet of less than 30 g protein daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pneumoconiosis and chronic bronchitis.

Data from a major long-term epidemiological survey in the British coalmining industry were examined to determine whether bronchitis offered any protective action against the development of pneumoconiosis. No evidence of such an effect was found.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1976

Benign hereditary non-progressive chorea of early onset. Clinical genetics of the syndrome and report of a new family.

The syndrome of benign non-progressive chorea (of early onset) is described in three brothers and some of their relatives. Clinical genetic study of the family showed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and suggested presence of the gene in both sides of the family. Thus, the propositi might be homozygous for the dominant gene (suggested by increased clinical manifestations as compared with other affected members on both sides of the family) which shows relatively high penetrance and variable expressivity. The phenotypic spectrum of the syndrome is differentiated from similar observations in the literature, and genetic implications are discussed. The condition is differentiated from hereditary essential tremor and from paramyoclonus multiplex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Long-term follow-up of schizophrenic patients in Edinburgh.

This study is a 12-year follow-up of 153 subjects diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia or paranoid psychoses. They had their key discharge in the years 1959-61 and were first followed-up at 12 months after discharge (Renton et al. ((1963)). Important findings were that outcome was related to mental state on discharge and also to the factor of continued neuroleptic medication. At this second follow-up 12 years later the important issues that have emerged are the differences in outcome between men and women and the apparently high death rate for men. The outcome in term of work, re-admission to hospital and death was much worse for male subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Background staining and sensitivity of the unlabelled antibody-enzyme (PAP) method. Comparison with the peroxidase labelled antibody sandwich method using formalin fixed paraffin embedded material.

The PAP procedure was compared with the peroxidase labelled antibody sandwich method and was found to be at least 20 times more sensitive. Background staining was reduced by the addition of normal swine serum to all the immune sera or by pretreating sections with it at the beginning of either method. The PAP procedure could be effectively reduced to a period of 1 hour or less.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1975

The training of telephone crisis intervention volunteers.

Telephone crisis intervention services are growing at a very rapid rate. A review of the literature reveals that there are very few references to this new phenomenon and even fewer that deal with evaluating the effectiveness of telephone crisis training. Herein 7 articles are reviewed which deal with volunteer selection and training. These articles demonstrate that no consistent rationale for volunteer selection or training exists. Selection of volunteers typically consists of a gross screening to eliminate any obviously unsuitable persons, with training serving as a further sorting procedure where volunteers who are uncomfortable with the role of a crisis interventionist can be encouraged to drop out. The authors suggest that a training model be built around crisis intervention theory using principles of social learning as the methodology for training.

Attitude↗
PubMed1975

Smoking and coalworkers' simple pneumoconiosis.

The attack rate of simple pneumoconiosis in 2723 British coal miners is considered in relation to the men's dust exposures and smoking habits. A complementary analysis is presented, using less precise radiological data, of prevalence and attack rates in an independent group of miners. One of the analyses suggests that, at high dust exposures, smoking may be associated with an increased risk of developing pneumoconiosis: but the most sensitive statistical test used reveals that the apparent effect might well be due to change factors (P not less than 0.09). The possibility is investigated that the net observed effect is the resultant of conflicting tendencies in sub-groups characterized by their responses to questions on phlegm production. There is no evidence to support this hypothesis. It is concluded that the main variable determining the development of simple pneumoconiosis is exposure to airborne dust, and that this effect is not modified appreciably by whether or not coal miners smoke.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

The demonstration of plasma cells and other immunoglobulin-containing cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using peroxidase-labelled antibody.

A method is described for the demonstration of specific immunoglobulin in plasma cells and other lymphoid cells in sections taken from routine surgical histology specimens which have been formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. An indirect sandwich technique was employed using specific rabbit antihuman immunoglobulin antisera (anti-K, L, G, A, and M) and a swine antirabbit serum Ig G, conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. The presence of plasma cells was revealed by staining the tissue-bound peroxidase-labelled antibody, having previously stained the endogenous peroxidase a contrasting colour. It was possible to demonstrate clearly immunoglobulin in the plasma cells of tissues processed and embedded several years previously. Some of the potential uses of the method are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Intracellular immunoglobulins. A comparative study on three standard tissue processing methods using horseradish peroxidase and fluorochrome conjugates.

Formalin fixation followed by routine paraffin embedding allows the demonstration of intracellular immunoglobulin by a sandwich technique using either peroxidase or fluorescein isothyocyanate labelled antibody conjugates. The results compared favourably with those obtained using either the fresh frozen or the Sainte-Marie method for preserving tissue immunoglobulins. The formalin-paraffin method with peroxidase-labelled antibody has advantages for routine use. Morphology is excellent, preparations are permanent, and retrospective studies of stored paraffin-embedded tissue are possible. Some of the problems of labelled antibody studies are discussed.

Animals↗