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Biomedical subjects

J Bouda

Publications and source records attributed to J Bouda.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The effect of colostral immunoglobulins on hematological and biochemical indicators in calves].

Haematological values (haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, erythrocyte and leucocyte number) and the levels of biochemical parameters (plasma concentrations of magnesium, zinc and copper) were studied in dependence on the level of immunoglobulins in calves in the early postnatal period. As a parameter of colostrum intake and quality the immunoglobulin level in blood serum was chosen, according to which the calves (n = 300), aged from two to six days, were divided into four groups. A relationship between the colostrum intake, or the immunoglobulin level in blood serum, and the magnesium concentration in blood plasma was observed. The magnesium level in plasma was in correlation with the Ig level in the blood serum of calves. As far as the other studied blood parameters are concerned, no statistically significant differences were proved in the calves aged two to six days.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of biochemical parameters in the blood of healthy and diseased calves in a large barn].

In a high-capacity calf-house, twenty-one calves were subjected to repeated clinical and biochemical examination until they were 22 weeks old. For evaluating the health condition of the animals, the calves were divided into two groups, one including healthy animals and the other including those suffering from bronchopneumonia and diarrhoea as the most frequent disorders in high-capacity calf-houses. From four to eight weeks of age, both groups of calves showed low levels of plasma magnesium and iron. The levels of plasma zinc and copper showed a continuous decrease with age. Compared with the healthy calves, the animals affected by a disease had statistically significantly lower levels of plasma vitamins (A, E, C). Further, the diseased animals also showed statistically significantly decreased levels of plasma glucose, serum albumins, and a lower activity of alkaline phosphatase in plasma. In addition to this, the diseased animals also had significantly higher levels of plasma gamma-globulins and urea. These clinico-biochemical parameters can be used for determining the subclinical forms of disease, for objective diagnosis and for the introduction of preventive measures in high-capacity calf-house.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of Rumensin on the health status and energy metabolism of feedlot cattle].

The effect was studied of sodium monensinate dosed 125 mg pro die and given to feeder cattle on the health condition and some clinico-biochemical parameters in view of the energy metabolism. The experiment was performed under current farming conditions in a pavilion fattening house. The experiment, which lasted 367 days, was conducted with 985 bulls of the Bohemian Spotted breed. Ten animals from the experimental and ten animals from the control pavilion were subjected to detailed clinical and clinico-biochemical examination. The feed ration was based on corn silage with an additive of dried poultry litter and concentrates. The additive was administered in the concentrate mixture, 125 mg per head/day. The health condition of the bulls was good during the whole period of study, and except several cases where neck chain wounds were observed, or small traumatic alterations on the extremities, no health disorders occurred. Some clinico-biochemical parameters of the blood were followed to study the metabolic processes and health condition. pH, pCO2, BE, SB were studied to find out the acid-base relations of the blood. As to the energy metabolism, the levels of glucose, total protein, urea, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids were followed. Among other hematologic parameters studied there were hemoglobin, hematocrit, beta-carotene and the levels of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase and glutamyl-transpeptidase in relation to liver metabolism. During the period of study, increased urea levels were found in the experimental animals, and on the other hand lower levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides in the blood serum. No significant changes in the other studied parameters were observed in the course of the experiment. It can be stated according to the obtained results that sodium monensinate did not influence negatively the studied clinico-biochemical parameters nor the health condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Changes in enzyme activity induced by experimental aflatoxicosis in dairy cows].

The activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), alkaline phosphatase (AP), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and the concentrations of bilirubin in blood plasma after a single intraruminal application of aflatoxins were studied in four dairy cows. The maximum changes in the activities of the enzymes and the maximum bilirubin concentration in plasma were obtained in the first two to three days following the application of aflatoxins. The statistically significant increase of GOT activity, compared with activity before the application of aflatoxins, persisted until the 23rd day; in the case of LDH and GLDH the increase persisted until the 38th day from the application of aflatoxins. The activities of gamma-GTP and AP were slightly higher even on the 50th day. The increased concentration of bilirubin in plasma lasted until the 23rd day from aflatoxin application. The increased activities of enzymes testify to an impaired function of the liver, which is also proved by the specific enzymes GLDH, gamma-GTP, by increased bilirubin levels, and by histological changes known from literature. The evaluation of enzymatic activities and bilirubin concentration in plasma can make a valuable contribution to correct diagnosis of aflatoxicoses in cattle.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1977

[Chronic metabolic acidosis in dairy cows].

Complex clinical and clinico-biochemical examination of the blood, urine and rumen liquor in a herd of dairy cows revealed chronical metabolic acidosis accompanied by rumen dysfunction and by a reduced butterfat content of milk. During the first examination of the acid-base state of the blood was almost at a standard level. An increased level of urea in blood plasma and a higher GOT transaminase activity testified to an excessive load on the liver. Urine pH was considerably deviated towards the acidic side and inorganic phosphorus was present in urine in a greater concentration. The pH of rumen liquor was slightly shifted towards alkalinity owing to the release of NH3 from urea in the food ration. The diagnosis--suspect chronical metabolic acidosis--was determined on the basis of the first examination. Chronical metabolic acidosis was definitely proved by the second examination when urea had been excluded from the feed ration. Repeated examinations revealed chronical metabolic acidosis which had originally been accompanied by a higher rumen liquor pH. On the basis of case histories and mechanisms of chronical acidosis, measures were proposed, resulting in an increase of the butterfat content of milk. Chronical metabolic disorders often follow a long-lasting latent pattern, manifesting themselves as a reduced milk yield and lower resistance; the clinical form of disease appears only at a later stage. The system of preventive diagnostics provides information on the changes in the composition of internal medium and of the faeces before a drop occurs in milk and fat production. These measures prevent metabolic disorders and high losses of produce which otherwise remain hidden for a long time.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1977

[Ascorbic acid levels in the bronchopneumonia of calves].

The level of ascorbic acid in the blood plasma of 59 calves was determined. The age of the calves ranged between two and three months and the samples of blood were collected in January. The first group of calves included 30 animals displaying no clinical symptoms of disease: the average ascorbic acid level was 0.50 +/- 0.18 mg per 100 ml. In the second group, consisting of 19 calves, the blood of the animals was collected three weeks after the termination of the acute stage of bronchopneumonia; the average value of ascorbic acid was 0.30 +/- 0.14 mg per 100 ml. The lowest average value of ascorbic acid was obtained in the calves at an acute stage of bronchopneumonia, reaching 0.18 +/- 0.11 mg per 100 ml. The differences of results between groups I and II and between groups I and III were found to be statistically significant. A conspicuous drop of ascorbic acid level was ascertained in calves suffering from bronchopneumonia-this problem needs deeper scrutiny, owing to the fact that bronchopneumonia is responsible for considerable economic losses in large-capacity calf houses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Changes of the clinico-biochemical indices in the rumirid juice and urine in experimental aflatoxicosis of dairy cows].

The health condition and course of fermentation processes in the rumen were studied in four cows of the Red Spotted breed at the age of four to nine years. The clinico-biochemical indices in the rumen liquor and urine were used. The experimental animals were exposed to a mixture of aflatoxins applied in the dose of 200 mg B1 and 80 mg B2. The toxic action of aflatoxins manifested itself as inappetence, increased temperature, changes in the pulse and respiration rate and reduced activity of the proventriculi. Diarrhoea was observed in two animals. The pH value, total acidity and ammonia level in rumen liquor ranged within the limits of reference values. The significant drop of the production of volatile fatty acids with changes in their proportions and a reduction of the acetic acid level with a simultaneous increase of the percentage of butyric acid testity to a disorder in the activity of rumen microflora. The reduction of the number of infusorians as a biological indicator of fermentation processes proves the correctness of this assumption. During the elimination of aflatoxins through the kidneys the function of the kidneys is impaired, showed proteinuria, ketonuria, glycosuria and haematuria.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

[Metabolic reactions of calves to the feeding with Laktosan or unpasteurized whole milk].

The acid-base and other metabolic reactions to nutrition with Laktosan produced by two feed plants and with unpasteurized whole milk after transport to a dairy plant were studied in calves up to the ninth week of age. Laktosan feeding reduces the metabolic component of the acid-base balance; the use of a lower-quality Laktosan mixture, containing drum-dried milk, gives a picture of metabolic acidosis lasting about 11 days. The changes are cuased by an increased intensity of dissimilation, by the release of metabolic H+, and, in part, by the loss of bases during diarrhoea. With the use of low-quality Laktosan, the utilization of the nutrients of the feed ration is much lower than the utilization of the nutrients of unpasteurized milk or high-quality Laktosan. The use of high-quality Laktosan causes much lower acid-base changes, far from reaching pathological values. At the same time, the utilization of nutrients is higher than with the use of unpasteurized milk. This milk which cannot be considered microbially or chemically undamaged offers no advantages from the health-condition and economic point of view. The facts, revealed by the study, emphasize the high health and economic importance of the production of calf feed mixtures. At the same time the results show that enither milk nor Laktosan feeding provides enough magnesium for the calves to grow. Other metabolic aspects of different calf nutrition are discussed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗