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Biomedical subjects

J Blom

Publications and source records attributed to J Blom.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immunologically defined prognostic subgroups as predictors of response to BCG immunotherapy.

Fifty-two stage I and II patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer were randomized after resection to no further therapy, BCG, or BCG plus allogeneic tumor cells. Patients have been observed for 16-65 months (mean 39.5). When the two immunotherapy arms were combined and plotted against controls, trend analysis suggested (P = 0.088) an increase in disease-free interval (DFI) only for stage I patients. The one-way mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) values were depressed in some patients prior to any immune stimulation. Immunotherapy significantly benefited DFI among patients with a depressed MLC.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Treatment experience with nonseminomatous testicular cancer in patients with stage II and stage III disease.

Thirty-eight patients with nonseminomatous testicular cancer were treated with cis-platinum, bleomycin, and vinblastine in combination without a prolonged maintenance phase. Twenty-Six patients with Stage III disease were treated. Seventy-six percent of those patients treated achieved complete remission. At a median survival time of 30 months, no patient who achieved a complete remission has relapsed. Twelve Stage II patients given adjuvant therapy remain free of disease at a median time of 23 months. Markedly elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and massive disease were common findings in the patients who did not achieve complete remission. One drug death occurred secondary to sepsis. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were significant dose-limiting factors in this group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Human monocyte function in vitro: influence of conditions during transport of blood from patient to laboratory.

Monocyte functional tests were carried out on samples of peripheral human blood which had been subjected to 4 different conditions of transport and temperature. There was no difference in cell viability or pinocytic, phagocytic and chemotactic activity of monocytes isolated from blood exposed to these different conditions. However, the yield of monocytes obtained after metrizoate/polysucrose centrifugation was very low when blood samples in transit were kept for 2 h at 0--4 degrees C. It is concluded that a period of transport up to 24 h is acceptable, provided the temperature of the blood sample is kept between 15 and 25 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The ultrastructure of a membranous structure, the labyrinth, present in bone marrow plasma cells.

The ultrastructure of a complex membranous structure, the labyrinth, is described. This structure was found in bone marrow plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma as well as from other groups of patients. It is concluded that the labyrinth may represent a rare route of secretion by which plasma cells are able to excrete waste products and simultaneously secrete intracellularly synthesized material.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1981

Tamoxifen retinopathy.

A 63-year-old female on long-term, high-dose tamoxifen treatment for metastatic breast cancer developed bilateral intraretinal refractile opacities, lesions at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, and cystoid macular oedema.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Effect of chlorpromazine on the ultrastructure of Staphylococcus aureus.

The ultrastructure of Staphylococcus aureus grown on plates containing chlorpromazine (CPZ) in concentrations up to a bacteriostatic level (50 micrograms/ml) was studied. High concentrations of CPZ induced large mesosome-like structures and asymmetrical cell divisions in a considerable number of cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1980

Cryoprotection of human bone marrow committed stem cells (CFU-c) by dextran, glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide.

Dextran, glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), alone or in combination, were used for cryoprotection of human bone marrow cells. The viability of cryopreserved cells was assessed by culture of myelopoiesis-committed stem cells (CFU-c) in vitro. A significantly better protection against freezing injury was obtained by 9% dextran in combination with 3 or 5% DMSO, and also with 5 or 10% DMSO alone, than with either 15% glycerol or 9% dextran with 1% DMSO.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A new effective four-drug combination of CCNU (1-[2-chloroethyl]-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (NSC-79038), vinblastine, prednisone, and procarbazine for the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease.

Five hundred and sixty-six patients with either Stage III or IV Hodgkin's disease were prospectively randomized to test whether CCNU and/or vinblastine are more effective than mechlorethamine and/or vincristine with procarbazine and prednisone. The combination of CCNU, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone (CVPP) was shown to be a highly effective program with a complete response frequency of 69%. The use of CCNU as part of the induction program was also shown to be the most significant determinant of prolonged remissions (P = .025). Reduced vomiting and neurotoxicity, as well as the oral administration, were the chief advantages of the CVPP as compared with MOPP. These factors resulted in improved patient and physician compliance. The MVPP regimen was also shown to be a highly effective regimen with a complete response frequency of 73% in patients without prior exposure to chemotherapy. However, the induction regimens containing vinblastine were associated with a significantly higher frequency of fatal hematopoietic toxicities than the induction regimens containing vincristine (P = .05). This higher frequency was almost exclusively seen in the elderly or in patients previously treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At this time, the remission durations maintained by vinblastine with periodic reinforcement are longer when compared with vinblastine maintenance alone (P = .06), but there is no corresponding increase in survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Combination chemotherapy with vinblastine, bleomycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Forty-five patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, 23 of whom had received no prior therapy, were given the combination of vinblastine, 4 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on Day 1; bleomycin, 15 mg/day intramuscularly on Days 1-7; and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II), 60 mg/m2 with mannitol diuresis on Day 8. The regimen was repeated at three-week intervals, for a maximum of three cycles. Among the 23 patients without prior surgery or radiation, there were 5 complete responses and 12 partial responses, a 74% response rate; whereas, among the 22 with prior therapy, there were 2 complete responses and 8 partial responses, a response rate of 45%. Nineteen of 23 previously untreated patients were subsequently given radiation, 1 had surgery, and 1 had surgery plus radiation. Twelve of these 19 patients are currently free of disease, with a median duration of ten months from initial response. Four of the 22 previously treated patients received radiation and 2, surgery; 4 of these 6 patients are without evidence of disease. Renal dysfunction with elevation of serum creatinine occurred in 5 patients, a leukocyte count of less than 3,000/mm3 in 3, a platelet count of less than 100,000/mm3 in 2, skin changes in 11, hearing loss in 1, and both peripheral neuropathy and pulmonary changes in 1 patient. This combination of agents has substantial activity in untreated patients and may be useful as initial therapy in advanced head and neck malignancies by diminishing the incidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of women with disseminated or recurrent advanced ovarian cancer with melphalan alone in combination with 5-fluorouracil and dactinomycin or with the combination of cytoxan, 5-fluorouracil and dactinomycin.

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of single and multiple drug chemotherapeutic regimens in the treatment of patients with advanced or recurrent, Stage III and IV, ovarian epithelial carcinoma. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four treatment regimens postoperatively, or at the time of recurrence: Regimen I--Melphalan (MEL) 0.2 mg/kg/day for five days every four weeks; regimen II--MEL as in Regimen I plus 5-fluorouracil (FU) 15 mg/kg/day for five days every four weeks; regimen III--MEL and FU as in regimen II plus dactinomycin (AC) 0.5 mg daily for five days every four weeks; and regimen IV--Cytoxan (CY) 7 mg/kg/day, FU 8 mg/kg/day and AC 0.5 mg/day for five days every four weeks. Four hundred and twenty-seven patients were in the study, 314 of whom are evaluable for progression-free interval (PFI), survival, and toxicity: 102 in regimen I, 80 in regimen II, 83 in regimen III, and 49 in regimen IV. Of these, 293 were considered evaluable for response. Because of excessive toxicity, entry of patients to regimen IV was discontinued midway through the study. The overall toxicity was quite high but was most severe in regimen II and IV where 16 toxicity deaths were recorded. The complete and partial response rate with Melphalan alone was 29.2%. This response rate was not enhanced by the addition of FU or FU and AC and not substantially different than the response rate of AC, FU, and CY.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1980

A randomized combined modality trial in small cell carcinoma of the lung: comparison of combination chemotherapy-radiation therapy versus cyclophosphamide-radiation therapy effects of maintenance chemotherapy and prophylactiv whole brain irradiation.

A randomized trial of combined modality therapy employing combination chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide (CTX) and methotrexate (MTX), CTX, MTX and Vincristine (VCR) and CTX, VCR and high-dose MTX with citrovorum rescue) and radiation therapy was compared to cyclophosphamide and radiation therapy in 258 patients with pulmonary small cell carcinoma. Patients were also rendomized: 1) to determine the effects of prophylactic whole brain irradiation; and 2) to establish the effects of maintenance chemotherapy. Survival, frequency of response and site of relapse were different in patients with limited disease (LD) (disease confined to lung, mediastinum and supraclavicular lymph nodes) when compared with disease spread beyond these sites (extensive disease) (ED). No survival advantage was seen in LD when combination chemotherapy was employed, although the frequency of complete remission was greater with three drugs than with one or two drugs (40% vs. 32%). In ED frequency of response was greater for three drugs than for one and two drugs (60% vs. 40%), but there was no survival advantage. The median survival time for complete responders was similar for limited or extensive disease (12.1 months), but 23.8% were alive at 24 months with LD compared to none with ED. Maintenance chemotherapy significantly prolonged survival by 16.8 months with 33% alive at 24 months compared to 9% who were unmaintained. Prophylactic while brain irradiation prevented brain metastases with only 4% developing this complication as compared to 18% of control subjects, but did not influence survival.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

Experience with serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin in non-seminomatous testicular tumors.

Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin were used in the management of 50 consecutive patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. Of the 50 patients 36 had clinical or pathologic documentation of malignancy at some time during their treatment and 34 of these patients (94 per cent) had elevated levels of 1 or both of the markers. The marker(s) was elevated before lymphadenectomy in 9 of 15 patients (60 per cent) with clinical stage A or B disease wh had not been cured by orchiectomy. Among patients with pathologic stage B disease elevated marker levels before or after lymphadenectomy were of no prognostic significance. All of the patients with stage C disease had elevated marker(s) and the effectiveness of chemotherapy in destroying measurable disease generally was reflected in the marker levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Acute leukemia during pregnancy.

The management of acute leukemia during pregnancy is difficult. We induced remission in a 23-year-old woman with thioguanine and cytarabine therapy during the 27th week of pregnancy. There were no apparent drug-related, long-term effects on the newborn.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The ultrastructure of bone marrow plasma cells obtained from patients with multiple myeloma during the clinical course of the disease.

The ultrastructure of plasma cells from 65 consecutive bone marrow specimens from 13 patients with multiple myeloma is described. Biopsies were taken from 12 of the patients prior to and after initiation of treatment. The study was undertaken with the aim of correlating ultrastructural characteristics of the myeloma cells with biochemical and clinical parameters, including the survival time after treatment of the patients with cytostatics. Intranuclear inclusions were only seen in the cells of four patients, all of whom had rather long survival times. Two of these are still alive and, furthermore, their plasma cells are characterized by a low mean number of mitochondria in each sectioned cell studied, i.e. 7 and 14, respectively. Nuclear bodies were found in about 7 per cent of the plasma cells in biopsies taken before treatment was initiated. During treatment this percentage increased significantly to about 16 (2P = 0.004). A nuclear/cytoplasmic asynchrony was a characteristic feature of the ultrastructure of the myeloma cells. During treatment a significant increase from 34 to 54 per cent (2P = 0.03) was observed in the number of plasma cells with slight asynchrony. No correlation could be established between any ultrastructural features and the values obtained with clinical tests considered of major prognostic significance at the time of diagnosis, e.g. the concentrations of serum creatinine, haemoglobin, serum albumin and serum calcium.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A comparative study of a BCNU containing 4-drug program versus MOPP versus 3-drug combinations in advanced Hodgkin's disease: a cooperative study by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B.

A prospective randomized trial by CALGB examined the relative value of four chemotherapy regimens in 537 patients with stage III B and IV Hodgkin's disease. A new combination BOPP, derived by substitution of BCNU for nitrogen mustard in the MOPP regimen, was compared to MOPP and to two 3-drug regimens, derived by removing the procarbazine in BOPP (BOP) or removing the alkylating agent (OPP). The 4-drug programs gave significantly higher frequency of complete remissions (BOPP 67%, MOPP 63%) than the 3-drug regimens (BOP 40%, OPP 42%), and significantly longer duration of remission and survival. BOPP had a therapeutic activity equal to MOPP, and was accompanied by less toxicity. After 6 cycles of induction chemotherapy, responding patients, both CR and PR, were continued on maintenance chemotherapy for 3 years. No significant difference in relapse rate was demonstrated following maintenance treatment with either vinblastine, chlorambucil, or chlorambucil plus monthly vincristine + prednisone doses. Nor could a reinforcement phase late in the maintenance program be shown to influence the relapse rate. The median survival for all patients entered on the 4-drug programs was 5 years, while the median has not yet been reached at 6 years for those patients, who obtained CR.

Adult↗